“Freedom lies in being

bold”

-Robert Frost
The Founding of the Katipunan

Professor Neilson A. Silva

National University – Laguna
Andres Bonifacio

 was born in Tondo on

November 30, 1863
 a man of scanty education
but nevertheless highly
intelligent.
 was admired by Jose Rizal
Kataas-taasang Kagalang-galangang Katipunan
ng mga Anak ng Bayan

 were created by Andres Bonifacio,

Deodato Arellano, Ladislao Diwa,
Valentin Diaz, Jose Dizon and Teodoro
Plata on July 8, 19894 on Azcarraga
(now Claro M. Recto Avenue)
 secret society
 it aims to awaken nationalism and free
the Filipino people from Spanish
oppression and friar despotism also they
want the country to write and win
independent from Spain.
Structure of the Katipunan

procedure and structure was

influenced by Masonry , initiation
rite, and by Rizal’s La Liga Filipina
3 Governing Bodies:

 The Kataas-taasang Sanggunian (The

Supreme Council)
 The Sangguniang Bayan (The
Provincial Council)
 The Sangguniang Balangay (The
Popular Council)
October 1892 – an election was held with the
following as officers of the 1st supreme council

Deodato Arellano……... President or Supreme

Andres Bonifacio…...... Inventor or Comptroller
Ladislao Diwa………… Fiscal
Teodoro Plata…………. Secretary
Valentin Diaz…………. Treasurer
February 1893 – the officers of this second
Supreme Council were:

Roman Basa….............. President or Supreme

Andres Bonifacio……... Fiscal
Jose Turiano Santiago …… secretary
Vicente Molina…………. Treasurer, Briccio,
Councilors… etc.
1895 – the election resulted in the elevation
of the following to the different offices.

Andres Bonifacio………… Supreme

Emilio Jacinto …………… Fiscal
Jose Turiano Santiago……. Secretary
Vicente Molina…………… Treasurer
Pio Valenzuela……………. Physician
December 31, 1895 – the Supreme Council
was held with the ff:

Andres Bonifacio…… Supreme or President

Pio Valenzuela……… Fiscal Physician
Emilio Jacinto………. Secretary
Vicente Molina……… Treasurer and
Councilors
The fifth and the last Supreme Council:

Andres Bonifacio……. Supreme

Emilio Jacinto……….. Secretary of State
Teodoro Plata………... Secretary of War
Briccio Pantas……….. Secretary of Justice
Aguedo del Rosario…. Secretary of Interior
Enrique Pacheco…….. Secretary of Finance
Kinds of Membership

 when the Katipunan had sufficiently

expanded to include more than a
hundred new members in its ranks
•
3 Grades:

 Katipon – wore a black hood in the

meetings of the society
 Kawal (Soldier) – wore a green hood
with a triangle consisting of white lines
 Bayani (Patriot) – wore a red mask and
sash with green borders
The Katipunan Codes

 The Katipunan members faced many

dangers, so that precautions had to be
taken to keep the society secret.
 Emilio
Jacinto
 called “the brain of
Katipunan”
 was born in Tondo on
December 15, 1875, the
son of Mariano Jacinto
and Josefa Dizon.
 enrolled at San Juan de
Letran College and later
at University of Sto.
Tomas where he
developed a taste for
reading.
 joined the Katipunan at the age of
eighteen and became the youngest
member.
 won the admiration of Bonifacio and
became Bonifacio’s trusted friend and
adviser.
 who wrote the kartilla or primer for the
katipuneros and adopt as the official
teachings of the society.
The Teachings of the Katipunan
“Kartilla which consisted of Thirteen Teachings”
1. Life which is not consecrated to a lofty and
sacred cause is like a tree without a shadow, if
not a poisonous weed.
2. A good deed that springs from a desire for
personal profit and not from a desire to do good
is not kindness.
3. True greatness consist in being charitable in
loving one’s fellowmen and in adjusting every
movement, deed and word to true reason.
4. All men are equal, be the color of their skin
black and white. One may be superior to
another in knowledge wealth and beauty, but
cannot be superior in being.
5. He who is noble prefers honor to personal
gain; he who is mean prefers personal profit to
honor.
6. To a man with a sense of shamed, his word is
inviolate.
7. Don’t flitter away time; lost riches may be
recovered but item lost will never come again.
8. Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor.
9. An intelligent man is he who is cautions in
speech and knows how to keep the secrets
that must be guarded.
10. In the thorny path of life man is the guide of
his wife and children, if he who guides
moves toward evil they who are guarded
likewise move toward evil.
11. Think not of woman as a thing merely to
while away time with, but as a helper and
partner in the hardships of life. Respect her
in her weakness, and remember the mother
who brought you into this world and who
cared for you in your childhood.
12. What you do not want done to your wife,
daughter and sister, do not do to the wife,
daughter and sister of another.
13. The nobility of a man does not consist in
being a king nor in the highness of the nose
and the whiteness of the skin nor in being a
priest representing God, nor in the exalted
position on this earth nut pure and truly noble
is he who through born in the woods is
possessed of an upright character who is true
in his words who has dignity and honor who
does not oppressed and does not help those
who oppress, who knows how to look after
and love the land of his birth.
 Women’s Chapter of the Katipunan
 bonifacio expanding the membership of
Katipunan, first, to do away with the
triangle method of recruiting new
members, and second, the information of
the women’s chapter.
 in the middle of 1893 bonifacio opened
the door of the society to patriotic and
scrupulous women who had the virtue to
keep their tongues in place.
 to be sure that no women of dubious
characters could penetrate the deep secrets
of the society.
 it was their duty to take in new members,
male or female and more important from
the point of view of security to see to it
that the meetings of the male members
were not disturbed by surprise raids of the
authorities.
 women members acted as a front for the
clandestine going on off the katipuneros.
Women’s Officer of the Katipuneros
Women’s Chapter

 Josefa Rizal (President)

 Gregoria de Jesus (Vice President)
 Marina Dizon (Secretary)
 The Katipunan Newspaper
Kalayaan
 the official publication of the Katipunan.
 were secretly distributed in Manila,
Cavite, Morong, Kalookan, Malabon, and
other places.
 influenced the thinking and feelings of the
Filipino masses.
 Jacinto’s and Bonifacio’s writing
awakened the people.
 The Expansion of the Katipunan

 from 300 members it became 30,000

member since the publication of the
Kalayaan newspaper.
Kalayaan
 Jacinto purchased some templates to
be used in printing the Katipunan
newspaper. Other templates were
stolen from Spanish printing press.
 Ulpiano Fernandez and Faustino Duque
both Katipuneros managed the press.
Dr. Pio Valenzuela suggested the name
of the newspaper, Kalayaan.
 to mislead the Spanish authorities, they
put Yokohama as the place of publication
and Marcelo H. del Pilar as the editor.
 Jacinto’s Pahayag (Manifesto) and
Bonifacio’s poem, Pag-Ibig sa Tinubuang
Lupa (Love of Country) were published in
the issue of the Kalayaan.
 Jacinto used the pen names Pingkain and
Dimas-Ilaw; Bonifacio used Agapito
Bagumbayan; and Valenzuela used
Madlang-Away.
 The Discovery of Katipunan

 August 19,1896 – when a KKK member,

Teodoro Patino told his sister Honoria
about the existence of the Katipunan.
 Teodoro Patino – a worker in the printing
press of Diato de Manila.
 Honoria – then living with nuns in a
Mandaluyong orphanage.
 The Philippine Revolution

 The Battle of Pasong Tam

- the first battle
 The Battle of Pinaglabanan or Battle of
San Juan del Monte
-kaitpuneros attached the 100 Spanish
soldiers defending the powder magazine.
 when Governor-General Camilo de
Palaviefa declared Martial Law in Manila
and the provinces of Cavite Laguna,
Batangas, Bulacan, Pampangga, Tarlac and
Neuva Ecija. The Philippine Revolution
had begun.
 Execution of Bonifacio Brothers

 May 10, 1897 – glory of soldiers led by

Gen. Lazaro Makapagal brought Andres
and Procopio from Maragondon rail.
 the Bonifacio brothers were killed by
gunshots. Using their bayonets and bolos
(long knives) the soldiers dug a shallow
grave for the two men.