Abstract Book (HEIC-2023)

ABSTRACT BOOK
Department of Educational Training

ABSTRACT BOOK
February 6-7, 2023
Organized by

The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) i
Concept Note
Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan is organizing Higher
Educational International Conference (HEIC-2023) on theme “Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable
Future”. Following are the sub-themes of the conference.
Sub-Themes
This conference invites people with a common interest to allow them to meet one another and to learn
about and discuss issues, ideas and work that focus on the following sub-themes:
 Global citizenship: embedding the 17 SDGs in teaching,

learning, research.
Higher Education and Sustainable  Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote
Development Goals lifelong learning opportunities for all
 Capacity building for research in higher education institutions
 Sustainable and green university
 Leaving no one behind: enabling vulnerable groups to enter
transit and complete higher education.
Inclusion in Higher Education  Equity policies and equal distribution of opportunities; right to
higher education.
 Enhancing gender equality in higher education.
 Higher education leadership and women empowerment
 Undergraduate education policy 2020
 Challenges and Risks for higher education beyond 2030.
 Innovative solutions and lessons learned from COVID-19
The Futures of Higher Education disruption.
 Quality assurance issues of Higher Education Institutions
(HEIs)
 Quality of affiliated educational institutions
 Professional Development in Higher Education
 Diversification and flexibility of curriculum, programs, and
courses.
 Expanding use of ICTs to enhance learning and collaboration.
 Quality assurance of innovative higher learning modalities and
spaces.
Quality and Relevance of  Partnerships for success: students, teachers, employers,
Programs in Higher Education communities.
 The dangers of plagiarism
 Innovative post-secondary options in tertiary education.
 Quality in teaching and research
 Academic and research corruption
 Professional standards for Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)
 System level governance in higher education.
 Enculturation of STEM education in higher education
Higher Education Governance
 Institutional autonomy, organizational effectiveness, and
accountability
Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) ii
Message of HEIC-2023 Patron in Chief

In today's fast-changing world, there is a constant demand for new
technologies and innovations in every sphere of industry. The ideas that feed
the ever-growing demand for new designs and applications are derived from
the intensive efforts put in by scientists and researchers all over the world who
work enthusiastically to produce results. This Higher Education International
Conference (HEIC-2023) was organized by the Department of Educational
Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur. The theme of the conference
this year is “Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable Future”. Particularly
the conference will discuss Sustainable Development Goals and how we can
prepare our students for global citizenship by embedding the 17 SDGs in our
teaching, and research. Furthermore, how we can ensure inclusive and
equitable access to education in the classroom and how can we build the
capacity for research in higher education institutions. Universities provide cutting-edge research, high-quality
education, and ground-breaking innovation. Strong universities are an important part of civil society and they
are excellent promoters of global and local partnerships. University researchers, teachers and students work in
partnership with citizens and the private and the public sector, co-creating knowledge that can produce
solutions. It is the combination of these core missions that gives universities a unique place in the common
effort to achieve the SDGs. A number of universities have incorporated the SDGs into their institutional
strategies, both in management and in teaching and research. Sustainable and green campus management has
become important to many universities and is often considered part of the institution’s societal responsibility. I
hope this Higher Education International Conference will provide a forum for the exchange of ideas in
reshaping higher education for a sustainable future. I would like to see everyone here in Baha walpur at The
Islamia University of Bahawalpur and I would like to welcome all over the world.
Message of HEIC-2023 Patron

The Islamia University of Bahawalpur is the premier University of
Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Located in the heart of the historically and
culturally rich city of Bahawalpur, the university with a healthy and safe
climate provides ideal conditions for academic, sports, and co-curricular
activities. Our inclusive ethos and commitment to the highest standards
of all-round education have ensured an enviable reputation for The
Faculty of Education. Department of Educational Training, The Islamia
University of Bahawalpur is going organized Higher Education
International Conference (HEIC-2023) with the theme “Reshaping Higher
Education for Sustainable Future”. As the name indicate that this
conference has specially designed and organised to meet and observe
the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). There are main five sub-
themes in this Higher Education International Conference. Each and every sub-theme of the conference is
unique in its nature and an innovative research papers are expected from the participant all over the world
particularly from the Pakistan along with the presentation of the papers, there will be poster presentation. This
conference definitely will provide platform to the researcher, educationist, research scholars, policy makers
and educational practitioners to share their learning experiences, research practices, and new knowledge with
the community of the knowledge of stakeholders. I expect that the participants all the Pakistan will participate
in this conference and keynote speakers definitely will present their innovative research practices here. I
welcome all the participants and presenters in this city of the knowledge and peace to present their researches
in this 2-day Higher Education International Conference.

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) iii
Message of HEIC-2023 Organizer

It is my great pleasure to welcome you on behalf of the Higher Education
International Conference (HEIC-2023). The Theme of the conference is
“Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable Future”. HEIC 2023 invites
delegates not only from Pakistan but also delegates come from around the
world. It will feature highly respected internationally renowned speakers who
will share, discuss, debate, and dissect significant new developments and
scientific advancements that will impact the future of Higher Education. We
have an exciting program at this conference that will allow members to
reflect upon and celebrate our past accomplishments, renew friendships and
extend our networks, and jointly explore current and future research
directions. We hope that you will have a productive and fun‐filled time at
this very special conference. To put a conference of this magnitude together is not a small task. To that end,
we want to thank Engr. Prof. Dr. Ather Mehboob, Vice Chancellor, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur,
Pakistan, for providing his wisdom and guidance. We would like to thank all of the sponsoring organizations for
providing their generous financial support. Lastly, we would like to thank all of the conference participants for
their contributions which are the foundation of this conference. The hard work and dedication of all the
members of organizing, scientific, technical and financial committees during the preparation for this
conference is highly appreciated. Without them the event would not have been possible. Thanks and
acknowledgement is due to the logistics and secretary for their support and continuous follow up, that makes
it a success case.
Message of HEIC-2023 Focal Person

I warmly welcome you I warmly welcome you all to the 1st Higher Education
International conference (HEIC-2023) with a record number of participants
expected this conference; we are delighted to see this annual HEIC-2023
becoming larger and more substantial every year. I am equally excited about
the record number of sessions, and the wide variety of ideas that scholars
and practitioners will bring into our fold. This richness of ideas bodes well for
higher education and sustainable development goals, inclusion in higher
education, the future of higher education, quality and relevance of programs
in higher education and HE governance. I am also particularly excited about
the upcoming presentations from our keynote speakers on the use of
information on reshaping higher education for a sustainable future. I greatly
appreciate Engr. Prof. Dr Athar Mehboob, Worthy Vice Chancellor, The
Islamia University of Bahawalpur for their tremendous support to organize
this Higher Education International Conference (HEIC-2023). This conference would not be possible without
generous support. I am really thankful to the national and international keynote speakers for their time and
make this conference successful. I am truly grateful to the Patron HEIC-2023 Prof. Dr Irshad Hussain, Dean
Faculty of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur for the time, energy and thought that they have
invested in organizing the program. I am thankful to the conference organizer Prof. Dr Hafiz Muhammad Khan
and other committee members, the session chairs, and the numerous volunteers. Most of all, I thank you, the
participants, for enriching this Higher Education International Conference with your presence. I hope you will
enjoy the content, get new ideas, and above all, have a good time.

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) iv
Conference Schedule
Day-1
Monday – 06, February 2023
Timings: 9:00-2:00 PM (Pakistan Standard Time)
Conference Inauguration Ceremony: Venue: Khawaja Ghulam Farid Main Auditorium
Time Sequence of Event
9:00 AM Conference Registration on Desk
10:00 AM Arrival of the Guests and Seated on the stage
10:05 AM National Anthem
10:10 AM Recitation of verses from the Holy Quran
10:15 AM Naat-e-Rasool-e-Maqbool (P.B.U.H)
10:20 AM Conference Objectives by Focal Person Dr. Muhammad Shakir
Associate Professor, Department of Educational Training
10:25 AM Speech Introductory and welcome remarks: Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan.
Conference Chair/Chairperson Department of Educational Training
10:30 AM Guest of Honor Remarks : Prof. Dr. Irshad Hussain Dean, Faculty of Education
10:35 AM Motivational and Keynote Speaker, Prof. Dr. Javid Iqbal, Ex-Principal, QMC, Bahawalpur
―Values in Education‖
11.00 AM Chief Guest Remarks Engr. Prof. Dr Athar Mahboob (Tamgha-e-Imtiaz) Vice Chancellor,
11:10 AM International Keynote Speaker 2: Ts. Prof. Dr. Mohamad Sattar Rasul, STEM
Enculturation Research Center, Faculty of Education, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
Enculturation of STEM Education in Higher EDUCATION - ―Future Skill Sets for Human
Capital Development in Smart and Circular Economy‖
11:20 AM Keynote Speaker 3: Dr. Kullapa Soratana, Associate Professor in the Faculty of Logistics
and Digital Supply, Chain, Naresuan University, Thailand
―Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable Future‖
12: 30 PM Keynote Speaker 4: Prof. Dr. Nasir Mehmood, Vice Chancellor, Allama Iqbal Open
University
Islamabad ―Future of Higher Education in Pakistan‖
1:00 – 2: 00 PM Prayer &Lunch
Parallel Session- A
2:00 PM – 5: 00 PM
Theme: Higher Education and sustainable Development Goals
Abstract No. Place: Khawaja Ghulam Farid, Main Auditorium Hall,
Session Chair: Ts. Prof. Dr. Mohamad Sattar Rasul
Moderator: Dr. Muzammila Akram,
Discussant: Dr. Sobia Altaf and Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen
Academic Resources at Higher Education Institutions-A Strategic Approach
1 Abid Hussain, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Professional Development in Higher Education - A Dire Need of the Hour
2 Dr. Faisal Karim, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Higher Education Institutions and Challenges for Young Faculty Member (YFM)-
3 Analyzing various Perspectives
Dr. Fatima Abrar, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Sustainable Knowledge Management: Dynamics of Green Education and Green
4 Haider Raza Abid, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) v
Educational system and Lifelong Learning for All – A Conceptual Analysis

5 Ms. Nikita Pate, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Support for the Sustainability Agenda by Higher Education Institutions
6 Ishrat Fatima, Munawar Masood, Dr. Faheem Khan, Dr. Naila Noreen, Abid Masood
Khan
Impact of Online Gaming on Students' Aggression and P erformance at the
7 University Level
Laiba But, Mubaraka Nadeem, Dr. Syeda Zubair Haidar
Sustainable Organizational Effectiveness (SOE)-A Management Perspective for
8 Higher Education Institutions
Muhammad Tehseen Bahoo, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Teachers‟ Efficacy and Academic Performance of Students
9 Farzana Shaheen, Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan
Impact of Cyber Bullying on Students of Higher Educational Institutions in Pakistan
10 Dr. Fouzia Parveen
Challenges Faced by Female Faculty Members at Higher Education Institutions
11 Nazish Imtiaz, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Unhealthy Competition at Higher Education Institutions – A Solution-Oriented
12 Inclusivity Framework
Nazish Imtiaz, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Analyzing the Challenges and Risks for Higher Education beyond 2030:
13 Envisioning and Proposing a Futuristic Framework
Ribbat Khan, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman, Mrs. Maria Zia
Dynamics of Learning Opportunities at Higher Education Institutions – A
14 Management Perspective
Rizwana Saghar, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Aligning and Attaining Sustainable Development Goals – A Pragmatic Approach
15 Rizwana Saghar, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Sensible Synergy of Inability and Disability Issues in Higher Education Institutions
16 – An Anthropological Management Approach
Sana Seher, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Role of Legal Education in Sustainable Development of Pakistan: Challenges and
17 Prospects
Junaid Jan, Adnan Aziz
Role of Social Behavior of Teacher on Student Academic Performance Education
18 Kaleem Ur Rehman
Diversity in Higher Education Institutions – Analyzing the role of Inclusiveness
19
Parallel Session- B
2:00 PM – 5: 00 PM
Theme: Inclusion in Higher Education
Abstract No. Place: Video Conference Room
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Irshad Hussain
Moderator: Dr. Sabiha Hameed Rehmani
Discussant: Dr. Syed Zubair Haidar & Dr. Musarrat
The Explanations of Concepts of Chemistry at Elementary Level
1 Afifa Ghafoor
The Effect of Rotation Model of BL on EFL Learners‟ Writing Abilities and Vocabulary
Mastery
2
Ahsan-ul-Haq Farooqi

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) vi
Digital Literacy Skills among Research Scholars of Universities of Punjab Province

3 Ali Fraz
Identification of Quality Gap between a Public University and Its Affiliated Colleges
4 in Bahawalpur
Amber Khurshid, Ramsha Khurshid
A Narrative Study to Evaluate the Role of Higher Education in Women
5 empowerment
Asad Khan, Faheem Afshan
Analysis of Child Labor‟s Role in Creating Hindrance for Achieving Universal
6 Primary Education in Southern Punjab
Dr. Jam Muhummad Zafar, Ashiq Hussain Bukhari
University students, Perception about the Assessment in semester system At
7 Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur
Asia Malik
Comparative Study of Management Practices of Public and Private Sectors
8 Universities: A Case Study of District D.I. Khan
Asif Minhas, Faheem Khan
Principals' Leadership Styles as Determinant of School Culture and Organizational
9 Support in Federal Government Schools
Asma Qamar and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
Students‟ Aggression and Mental Health as Predictor of their Educational
10 Achievement at Federal Government Schools
Aisha Shaheen, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
The Relationship of Coping Strategies with Psychological Symptoms at University
11 Level
Azmat Ali, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
Personality Traits, Relationship Structure and Academic Achievement in High
12 School Students
Hafsa Sherjeel, Hanna Zaidi, Tayyaba Imran and Dr. Shahnila Tariq
Stakeholders‟ Perception Regarding Effectiveness of Social Media in Higher
Education: A Case Study of Higher Educational Institutions in Khyber
13 Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Dr. Junaid Siraji, Dr. Faheem Khan
Mixed Method Approach to Assess the Current Research Practices in Higher
Education Institutions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
14 Dr. Faheem Khan, Asif Minhas, Sadia Bibi, Israht Fatima, Noman Gul, Naila Noreeen
Kanwal
Learning with the Support of Technology: Issues and Trends in Higher Education
15 Dr. Muhammad Naeem Sarwar
Impact of Information Technology Services on Students‟ Social Development at the
16 University Level
Shabeena Shaheen, Aqsa Saleem, Safeer Nasir
Influence of Language and Culture on the subject of „History‟ in Higher Education
17 in Pakistan
Dr. Muhammad Yasir Ali
Exploration of Alternative Conceptions and its Best Possible Reasons in the
18 Subject of Mathematics
Dr. Muzammila Akram, Dur-i-Shahwar Aslam Khan, Zahid Hussain Shah

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) vii
Parallel Session- C
2:00 PM – 5: 00 PM
Theme: Future of Higher Education
Abstract No. Place: MP Hall, Faculty of Education
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Nasir Mehmood
Moderator: Dr. Nosheen Malik
Discussant: Dr. Irem Mushtaq and Dr. Waqas Mehmood
An Analysis of Social Behavior of Secondary School Level Students of Rangers
1 Public School in Punjab
Farkhanda Iqbal, Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan, Dr. Muzammila Akram
Dynamics of Equal Employment Opportunities in Higher Education Institutions-A
2 Positive Discrimination Approach
Nazia Hayat Gondal, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Contribution of Motivation in Sports Achievement at Inter-Collegiate Level
3 Fouzia Perveen
Evolving Trends of Teachers‟ Professional Development: A Case Study of KFUEIT
Rahim Yar Khan-Pakistan
4 Dr. Naeem Ullah, Dr. Jam Muhammad Zafar, Muhammad Tariq Bilal, Syed Faiyaz Ahmad
Zaidi
Gender Equality and Higher Education – Analyzing the Underpinning Critical Issues
5 Nazia Hayat Gondal, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Wellbeing of Peer Learning in Semester System in Higher Education Institutions
6 Tehsin Aslam
Measuring the Effectiveness of Resource Rooms on Students‟ Performance in
7 Federal Government Schools
Humera Batool, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
Preparation of an Educational Model for Mainstreaming of Madrassas‟ Education in
8 Southern Punjab
Imran Abass
Authentic and Irrefutable Strategic Framework of Effective Higher Education for
9 Humanity - Analyzing the Dynamics
Muhammad Ahmad Zia Hashmi, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman, Mrs. Maria Zia
Impact of Students‟ Research Experiences on their Mental Well -Being at University
10 Level
Jawairiyah, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
Cultural Dynamics in Higher Education – A Forgotten Paradigm
11 Sana Seher, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Impact of School Climate on Student Mental Health in Secondary Level in Yazman
12 Khadija Malik
Measuring the Usefulness of ECCE Rooms in Government Schools of South Punjab
13 Khaleeq Ur Rehman, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
Investigating the Effect of Visiting Teachers Teaching Style and Students‟
14 Satisfaction in IUB
Muhammad Aamir, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
General Education Teacher‟s Competency in an Inclusive Classroom Management
15 Sajid Nadeem Khan Khosa, Dr. Muhammad Shakir
The Perception of University Teachers and Students in using ICT at Higher Education
16 Madiha Tousif, Dr. Muzammila Akram , Rabia Bahoo

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) viii
The Impact of Digitalization on Higher Education in Pakistan

17 Mahrukh Tabish
Factors Affecting the Performance of Teachers at Private Schools in Bahawalpur
18 City
Mehboob Bin Sattar, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
Parallel Session- D
2:00 PM – 5: 00 PM
Quality in Higher Education
Abstract No. Place: Faculty of Education: Room No. 1.27
Session Chair: Dr. Muhammad Javid
Moderator: Dr. Masood Ahmad
Discussant: Dr. Lubna Shaokat & Dr. Rifat Tahira
A Comparative Study between Punjab Textbook of General Science and Oxford
th
1 Science Book of Class 8
Muhammad Hanif Ahmad Khan
Educational and Religious Problems of Transgender
2 Muhammad Jamshed, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem, Zahid Hussain Shah
Effect of Security Measures on Self Confidence of Teachers and Students at
3 University Level
Muhammad Ramzan, Dr. Rifat Tahira, Muhammad Saleem Akhtar, Lubna Huma Naz
The Effectiveness and Features of Formative Assessment at Secondary School
4 Level in Bahawalpur District
Muhammad Siddique
Gender Discrimination at Workplace: A Study of Public Schools of Bahawalpur
5 Nadia Noreen, Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan
Gender Equity in Public Universities of South Punjab Pakistan
6 Naseem Abbas, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider, Dr. Muhammad Aqeel Raza
Job Satisfaction among Teachers of Higher Secondary School of Quetta
7 Naseer Ali Shah
Relationship between Students‟ Academic Achievement and Self-Regulated
8 Learning at Elementary Level
Nazeer Ahmad
A Study on Satisfaction of Women Regarding Women Empowerment
9 Parvisha Manzoor, Mubshra Khan, Dr. Musarrat Jahan
Analyzing the Literacy and Numeracy Drive (LND) Assessment System in
10 Government Schools of South Punjab
Rana Umer Hayat and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
A Comparative Study of the Pedagogical Strategies Applied by Private and Public
11 School English Teachers at the Secondary Level
Rani Qaisra, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider , Farhat Nasim
Impact of Competition on Student‟s Personality at School Level
12 Rubina Kausar
Tasting the Pickles of History: A Post-Colonial Study of Burnt Shadows by Kamila
13 Shamsie
Sadia Komal
Impact of Motivation on English Language Learning at Elementary School Level
14 Safdar Malik

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) ix
Identification of Motivational Techniques in Teaching of English Language

15 Sajeela Arooj
An Evaluation of Difficulties Faced by the Student‟s Due to the Shortage of
Secondary School Teachers in District Bahawalnagar
16 Muhammad Rafiq uz Zaman, Dr. Asif Nadeem, Dr. Sohaib Usman Cheema, Kanwal
Fatima, Sheron Sarosh Seerat
Role of Head Teacher in Promoting Academic Culture in secondary School in
17 District Bahawalpur
Sehrish Abbas
Challenges and Risks for Higher Education Now and Beyond the 2030
18 Muhammad Shahmeer, Sabir Hussain
Parallel Session- E
2:00 PM – 5: 00 PM
Session Chair: Dr. Muhammad Javid
Moderator: Dr. Masood Ahmad
Discussant: Dr. Lubna Shaokat & Dr. Sabia Iqbal
A Study on In-service Professional Training of Mathematics Teachers at Secondary
1 Level
Syeda Farha Shafaq Zaidi, Prof. Dr. Irshad Hussain, Qurat Ul Ain Shams
Role of Physical Education for Mental Health at Secondary Level in Tehsil Sahiwal
2 Muhammad Shahmeer, Sabir Hussain
Effects of Parents Teacher Meeting on Students‟ Performance at Private Secondary
Level School in City Faisalabad
3 Sohaib Usman, Aqeela Saghir, Qamar Un-Nisa, Muhammad Rafiq uz Zaman, Kanwal
Fatima
The Study of Learning Difficulties of Students in English at Primary level in District
4 Bahawalpur
Sidra Sabir
Measuring Students‟ Civics Outcomes in Secondary Schools of District
5 Bahawalpur
Snobia Ejaz, and Dr. Muhammad Shakir
A Qualitative Investigation of Verbal Cues of Deceptive Utterances among Young
6 Adults
Sumayyah Idrees, Ayesha Batool, Afsah Idrees
Identification of Essential Skills for Career Development: A Qualitative Study
7 Sumia Saleem
Teachers‟ Anxiety and its Major Causes towards the Use of Educational
8 Technology in Tertiary Education
Syeda Fatima Niaz, Dr. Muzammila Akram, Tabinda Azam
Perceptions of Stakeholders about Teachers‟ Pedagogical Competence: A Case
9 Study of KFUEIT Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
Dr. Jam Muhammad Zafar, Dr. Naeem Ullah, Syed Faiyaz Ahmad Zaidi, Muhammad Tariq Bilal
The Effects of Information and Communication Technology on Learning: A Case Study
10 Tariq Raza, Khawaja Imtiazullah, Nasreen Akhter
Role of Literacy and Non-Formal Basic Education Department, Punjab in Achieving
11 Sustainable Developments Goals (SDGs)
Zahid Nazir Khan

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) x
Problems in Speaking English Language at Primary Level in Bahawalpur with

12 Special Reference to the revised English Curriculum 2021 (SNC) A Case study
Zahida Saleem
Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on the Performance of Female
13 Teachers of Rural Public Schools
Zia un Nisa and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
The Impact of School Climate on Student Mental Health at Secondary Level
14 Amna Jabeen
The Impact of Covid-19 on Students Academic Performance at GSCWU
15 Kousar Bibi
Perception of Primary School teachers toward the Single National Curriculum
16 (SNC)
Nusrat Perveen
Studying the Effect of Group Study on Students‟ Academic Achievement
17 Sania Shafique
Emotional Intelligence based Female Leadership in Higher Education Institutes of
18 Pakistan
Dr. Irfan Bashir, Dr. Rizwan Akram Rana
Parallel Session – F
2:00 PM – 5: 00 PM
Education System and Life Long Learning for All: A Conceptual Analysis
Session Chair: Prof. Dr .Nasreen Akhtar
Moderator: Dr. Najum Ul Kashif
Discussant: Dr. Ali Rasheed & Dr. Mahala Jabeen
Online Teaching at Higher Education Level during COVID-19: Prospective
1 Teachers‟ Views
Saeedullah, Dr. Samra Bashir
The Attitude of Primary School Teachers towards the Teaching of the Nazra Quran
2 Samar Abbas, Misbah Akhtar
A Study to Analyze the Problems of BS Level Students in Speaking English
3 Language at University Level
Hafiza Hamna Anwar, Dr. Muhammad Javed, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Arfa Radheed
Investigating Teachers‟ Professional Dispositions and their Corresponding School
4 Climates: A Comparative Analysis of Qualified and Non-Qualified Teachers
Hamid Ali Nadeem, Dr. Zafar Iqbal
The Attitude of Secondary School Students toward Co-Curricular Activities
5 Kashmir Khan, Misbah Akhtar
Analysis of Teacher Competency in Enhancing Problem Solving Skills of Students
6 at Secondary School Level
Shazia Aslam
Analysis of English Writing Capabilities of University Students
7 Muhammad Ahmad, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Dr. Muhammad Javed, Samina
Parents Smaller Interest in Visiting Their Children‟s School: Identifying the
8 Reasons and Analyzing Its Effect
Muhammad Adrees Chohan, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider, Uzma Munawar
Analysis of the Problems of Male Hostel Students in The Islamia University of
9 Bahawalpur
Muhammad Waleed Ahmad, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Rutab Sagheer, Maryam Maqsood

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xi
A Study to Analyze the Problems Faced by Fossilized Students

10 Rutab Sagheer, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Muhammad Waleed Ahmad, Maryam
Maqsood
Investigating the Entrepreneurial Attitude of Students of Physical Education and
11 Sports Sciences
Sidra Naz
Critical Analysis of Educational For All (EFA) Plan of Action (2001-2015) for
12 Sustaining Literacy in Pakistan
Muhammad Sajid
Parents Opinion about Different Learning Styles of Students at Early Grade Level
13 Benish Hafeez
Comparison of Accountability Impacts on Public and Private Schools
14 Kabir Ahmad
Analysis of Quality Assurance Issues of Affiliated Higher Education Institutions of
15 Pakistan
Dr. Allah Wasaya Babbar
Analysis of Risk management in higher education institution
16 Muhammad Amir
Female University Students‟ Learning Experiences during Covid-19 Pandemic in
17 Bahawalpur
Anum Yaseen
Opinion of Learners on Blended Learning and Implementation Process at Higher
18 Education Institutions during Covid-19
Ahmad Nawaz, Dr. Muhammad Shakir
Parallel Session -G
2:00 PM – 5: 00 PM
Quality and Relevance of Programs in Higher Education
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Khalid Khursheed
Moderator: Dr. Abid Shahzad
Discussant: Dr. Tahir Nadeem & Dr. Shaista Noreen
Quality and Effectiveness in Teaching and Research – Meeting Challenging
1 Demand with innovative Supply
Muhammad Shahbaz, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
2 Kashaf Rubab
Digital Media: Teacher Parents Communication
3 Kousar Bibi
Assessing the Current Status of Social and Civic Responsibility of the Students at
4 Elementary Level
Muhammad Majid Hameed, Dr. Muhammad Shakir
Analysis of Teachers‟ Perception about the Quality of Education in Affiliated
5 Colleges of Bahawalpur
Mariam Jabeen, Fatima tul Zohra
Level of Primary School Teachers‟ Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation and
6 Performance of Teachers
Umar Farooq Shah
Associate Degree Program in Higher Education Institutions: Problems and Prospective
7 Muhammad Shahid, Dr. Muhammad Shakir

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xii
Analysis of Teaching Methodologies used by Teachers at Secondary School Level

8 Muhammad Shoaib
A Comparative Study of Perceptions and Practice of Moral Islamic Values among
9 Male and Female University Students
Nabila Rafiq, Muzammila Akram, Syeda Fatima Niaz
Quality Assurance Initiatives are taken by Higher Education Commission to
10 Implement ADP: Opportunities and Challenges
Sabir Hussain, Muhammad Shakir, Masood Ahmad
Comparison of Factors of Students Personality Development through Formal and
11 Non-Formal Education
Sana Khalid
Develop Competency-Based Learning Choices in Undergraduate Students at
12 District Bahawalpur
Safura Fatima
Appropriateness of Botanical Environment at Secondary Level District Lodhran
13 Abida Yaseen
An Investigation into Perceptions of Male Teachers about Measures Promoting
14 Harmony through Education
Dr. Mehlah Jabeen
A Study of Underlying Philosophy (Professionalism) about Job related Matters at
15 Higher Secondary Level in South Punjab
Rabia Mushtaq, Dr. Ahmad Akhtar Usmani
Leadership Performance in Developing School Climate to Improve Quality of
16 School
Humaira Ghaffar, Qurat Ul Ain, Waqas Mahmood
Wellbeing of Peer Learning In Semester System
17 Naseer Ahmad
Education of Rural Individuals
18 Muhammad Noman Fayyaz, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Mubashra Razzaq
Parallel Session -H
2:00 PM – 5: 00 PM
Higher Education Governance
Session Chair: Prof. Dr. Akhtar Ali
Moderator: Dr. Tehmina Bukhari
Discussant: Dr. Hina Kainat & Dr. Muhammad Zeshan
Role of Touch and Hearing Senses in Orientation and Mobility for the Student with
1 Visual Impairment
Muneer Ahmad Anees
Teaching of Naazrah Quran Grade I-V in Bahawalpur
2 Malik Muhammad Ahmad
Assessment of Children and their Learning Material for Early childhood Education
3 Aneela Khursheed, Dr. Muhammad Shakir
Analysis of Students‟ Perception about the Quality of Education in Affili ated
4 Colleges of Bahawalpur
Fatima Tuz Zohra, Maryium Jabeen
Students‟ Perception of Learning Environment at The Government Sadiq College
5 Women University Bahawalpur
Fizza Ashiq

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xiii
Impact of Online Classes on the Satisfaction and Performance of Universi ty

6 Students during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Mariam Habib, Dr. Muzammila Akram
Analysis of the Impact of SMC‟S in School Management and Improving Academic
Environment
7
Maryum Saleem, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem
Analyzing the Reflections of Married Individuals of South Punjab towards Higher
8 Education
Mehwish Imtiaz and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
Factors Affecting Quality Assurance through Semester System at University Level
9 Hafeez Ullah, Dr. Muzammila Akram
Level of Primary School Teachers‟ Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation and
10 Performance in Punjab
Muhammad Imran
Identify the Role of Social Media Engaging the Under Graduates Students
11 Muhammad Shahid, Dr. Muhammad Shakir
The Study about Environmental Stress on Academic Achievements of Students at
12 Higher Level
Muneer Ahmad, Dr. Masood Ahmad
Development of Students Creative Abilities and Expressing Natural Conditions with
13 Maximum Possibility by Using “Landscape Art”
Shaista Abdul Rauf
The Impact of Stakeholders on Primary and Elementary Schools for Improving
14 Students‟ Performance: The Case of District Bahawalpur
Areeba Sanam
Effects of Online Learning and Internet Facilities in Pakistan
15 Muhammad Aslam, Dr. Syed Zubair Haidar, Muhammad Usman Akbar
Difficulties in English Learning at Secondary School Level in Bahawalpur City
17 Hafiz Muhammad Sohail, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xiv
Day-2
Tuesday– 07 February 2023
Timings: 10:00 AM 1:00 PM (Pakistan Standard Time)
Conference Closing Ceremony
Venue: Khawaja Ghulam Farid Main Auditorium
TIME Sequence of Event
9:00 AM Conference Registration on Desk
10:00 AM Arrival of the Guests and Seated on the stage
10:05 AM National Anthem
10:10 AM Recitation of verses from the Holy Quran
10:15 AM Naat-e-Rasool-e-Maqbool (P.B.U.H)
10:20 AM National Keynote Speaker 1: Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Adeeb Pro-Rector National
College of Business Administration & Economics, Bahawalpur ―Reshaping Sustainable
University Education in Post-Pandemic World‖
10:45 AM International Keynote Speaker 1: Professor Christopher Hill, Faculty of Education, The
British University in Dubai.
―Digital Learning in Higher Education: What we know and what we don‘t‖
10:55 AM International Keynote Speaker 2: Dr. Sahbi Hidri, Assistant Professor - Education
Faculty of Education, Higher College of Technology, Abu Dhabi, UAE
st
―Up-Skilling and Validating the Assessment of 21 Century Soft Skills‖
11:10 AM National Keynote Speaker 4: Prof. Dr. Khalid Khurshid, Professor of Education,
Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
―Assessing Quality Assurance in Higher Education: Perception of Quality Managers‖
11:20 AM International Keynote Speaker: Macario g. Gayeta , Philippine Christian University
Graduate Studies, Business Management & Transnational Education, Manila, Philippines
―Tourism and Hospitality Management TechVoc Education Training, Development, and
Promotion in the Philippines‖
11.30 AM National Keynote Speaker 4: Prof. Dr. Akhtar Ali, Professor of Distance Education, Faulty
of Online and Distance Education, The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Pakistan
― How Online Learning Is Reshaping Higher Education‖
11.45 AM National Keynote Speaker 5: Dr. Adeel Akhtar, Assistant Professor, Department of
Commerce, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
Higher Education's Quest for a Sustainable Future: A Global Perspective
Research Scholar, Putra Business School, Universiti Putra Malaysia
11.55 AM Conference Recommendations: Focal Person, Dr. Muhammad Shakir, Associate
Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Thanks Note: Prof. Dr. Hafiz Ather Khan Chairperson Department of Educational
12.00 PM Training
12:05 PM Closing note: Prof. Dr. Irshad Hussain, Dean, Faculty of Education
Chief Guest Remarks Engr. Prof. Dr Athar Mahboob (Tamgha-e-Imtiaz) Vice
12:10 PM Chancellor, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
12:20 PM Distribution of souvenirs
12:30 PM Hi-Tea/Refreshment

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
S. Page
Title
No. No.
International Keynote Speakers
Enculturation of STEM Education in Higher Education-“Future Skill Sets for Human
1 Capital Development in Smart and Circular Economy” 1
Mohamad Sattar Rasul
Digital Learning in Higher Education: What we know and what we don‟t
2 Professor Christopher Hill 1
Developmental Goals: Ally or Enemy-Impact of MDGs to SDGs on Elitism in Education

3 Gazi Mahabubul Alam 1
Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable Future

4 Dr. Kullapa Soratana 2
Upskilling and Validating the Assessment of 21st Soft Skills

5 Dr. Sahbi Hidri 2
Tourism and Hospitality Management TechVoc Education Training, Development, and

6 Promotion in the Philippines 3
Macario g. Gayeta
National Keynote Speakers
Values in Education
1 Dr. Javid Iqbal 4
Future of Higher Education in Pakistan

2 Prof. Dr. Nasir Mehmood 4
Reshaping Sustainable University Education in Post-Pandemic World

3 Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Adeeb 4
Sustainable Education and Sustainability in Education: Policy and Implementation

4 Direction in the Era of SDGs 5
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Rauf
How Online Learning Is Reshaping Higher Education
5 Prof. Dr. Akhtar Ali 5
Assessing Quality Assurance in Higher Education: Perception of Quality Managers

6 Prof. Dr. Khalid Khurshid 6
Research in Higher Education: The Role of Teaching and Student Learning

7 Dr. Muhammad Ayub Buzdar 6

8 Dr. Adeel Akhtar 6
Oral Presentation
1 Abid Hussain, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 7
2 Dr. Faisal Karim, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 7
Higher Education Institutions and Challenges for Young Faculty Member (YFM)-
3 Analyzing various Perspectives 8
4 Haider Raza Abid, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 8

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xvi

5 Ms. Nikita Pate, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 9
Authentic and Irrefutable Strategic Framework of Effective Higher Education for
6 Humanity - Analyzing the Dynamics 9
Muhammad Ahmad Zia Hashmi, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman, Mrs. Maria Zia
Quality and Effectiveness in Teaching and Research – Meeting Challenging Demand
7 with innovative Supply 9
Muhammad Shahbaz, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Sustainable Organizational Effectiveness (SOE)-A Management Perspective for Higher
8 Education Institutions 10
Muhammad Tehseen Bahoo, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Dynamics of Equal Employment Opportunities in Higher Education Institutions-A
9 Positive Discrimination Approach 10
Nazia Hayat Gondal, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
10 Nazia Hayat Gondal, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 11
11 Nazish Imtiaz, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 11
Unhealthy Competition at Higher Education Institutions – A Solution-Oriented
12 Inclusivity Framework 11
Nazish Imtiaz, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Analyzing the Challenges and Risks for Higher Education beyond 2030: Envisioning
13 and Proposing a Futuristic Framework 12
Ribbat Khan, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman, Mrs. Maria Zia
Dynamics of Learning Opportunities at Higher Education Institutions – A Management
14 Perspective 12
Rizwana Saghar, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
15 Rizwana Saghar, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 13
Sensible Synergy of Inability and Disability Issues in Higher Education Institutions –
16 An Anthropological Management Approach 13
Sana Seher, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman2
17 Sana Seher, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 14
18 Abida Yaseen 14
19 Afifa Ghafoor 15
The Effect of Rotation Model of BL on EFL Learners‟ Writing Abilities and Vocabulary
20 Mastery 15
21 Ali Fraz 15
Identification of Quality Gap between a Public University and Its Affiliated Colleges i n
Bahawalpur
22 Amber Khurshid, Ramsha Khurshid 16

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xvii
A Narrative Study to Evaluate the Role of Higher Education in Women empowerment

23 Asad Khan, Faheem Afshan 16
Analysis of Child Labor‟s Role in Creating Hindrance for Achieving Universal Primary
24 Education in Southern Punjab 16
Dr. Jam Muhummad Zafar, Ashiq Hussain Bukhari
University students, Perception about the Assessment in semester system At
25 Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur 17
Asia Malik
Comparative Study of Management Pra ctices of Public and Private Sectors
26 Universities: A Case Study of District D.I. Khan 17
Asif Minhas, Faheem Khan
Principals' Leadership Styles as Determinant of School Culture and Organizational
27 Support in Federal Government Schools 17
Students‟ Aggression and Mental Health as Predictor of their Educational
28 Achievement at Federal Government Schools 18
Aisha Shaheen, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
The Relationship of Coping Strategies with Psychological Symptoms at University
29 Level 18
Azmat Ali, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
Personality Traits, Relationship Structure and Academic Achievement in High School
30 Students 18
Hafsa Sherjeel, Hanna Zaidi, Tayyaba Imran and Dr. Shahnila Tariq
Stakeholders‟ Perception Regarding Effectiveness of Social Media in Higher Education: A
31 Case Study of Higher Educational Institutions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan 19
Dr. Junaid Siraji, Dr. Faheem Khan
Mixed Method Approach to Assess the Current Research Practices in Higher
Education Institutions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
32 Dr. Faheem Khan, Asif Minhas, Sadia Bibi, Israht Fatima, Noman Gul, Naila Noreeen 19
Kanwal
33 Dr. Muhammad Naeem Sarwar 19
Impact of Information Technology Services on Students‟ Social Development at the
34 University Level 20
Shabeena Shaheen, Aqsa Saleem, Safeer Nasir
Influence of Language and Culture on the subject of „History‟ in Higher Education in
35 Pakistan 20
Exploration of Alternative Conceptions and its Best Possible Reasons in the Subject
36 of Mathematics 20
Dr. Muzammila Akram, Dur-i-Shahwar Aslam Khan, Zahid Hussain Shah
An Analysis of Social Behavior of Secondary School Level Students of Rangers
37 Public School in Punjab 21
Farkhanda Iqbal, Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan, Dr. Muzammila Akram
38 Farzana Shaheen, Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan 21
39 Fouzia Perveen 21

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xviii
Evolving Trends of Teachers‟ Professional Development: A Case Study of KFUEIT

Rahim Yar Khan-Pakistan
40 Dr. Naeem Ullah, Dr. Jam Muhammad Zafar, Muhammad Tariq Bilal, Syed Faiyaz Ahmad 22
Zaidi
41 Dr. Fouzia Parveen 22
42 Hafiz Muhammad Sohail, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem 22
Measuring the Effectiveness of Resource Rooms on Students‟ Performance in Federal
43 Government Schools 23
Humera Batool, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
Preparation of an Educational Model for Mainstreaming of Madrassas‟ Education in
44 Southern Punjab 23
Imran Abass
45 Ishrat Fatima, Munawar Masood, Dr. Faheem Khan, Dr. Naila Noreen, Abid Masood Khan 24
Impact of Students‟ Research Experiences on their Mental Well-Being at University Level
46 Jawairiyah, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider 24
47 Kaleem Ur Rehman 24
48 Khadija Malik 25
49 Khaleeq Ur Rehman, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider 25
Investigating the Effect of Visiting Teachers Teaching Style and Students‟ Satisfaction
50 in IUB 25
Muhammad Aamir, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
An Evaluation of Difficulties Faced by the Student‟s Due to the Shortage of Secondary
School Teachers in District Bahawalnagar
51 Muhammad Rafiq uz Zaman, Dr. Asif Nadeem, Dr. Sohaib Usman Cheema, Kanwal Fatima, 26
Sheron Sarosh Seerat
The Perception of University Teachers a nd Students in using ICT at Higher Education
52 Madiha Tousif, Dr. Muzammila Akram , Rabia Bahoo 26
53 Mahrukh Tabish 26
Factors Affecting the Performance of Teachers at Private Schools in Baha walpur City
54 Mehboob Bin Sattar, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider 27
A Comparative Study between Punjab Textbook of General Science and Oxford
th
55 Science Book of Class 8 27
56 Muhammad Jamshed, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem, Zahid Hussain Shah 27
Effect of Security Measures on Self Confidence of Teachers and Students at University Level
57 Muhammad Ramzan, Dr. Rifat Tahira, Muhammad Saleem Akhtar, Lubna Huma Naz 28
The Effectiveness and Features of Formative Assessment at Secondary School Level
58 in Bahawalpur District 28
Muhammad Siddique

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xix

59 Nadia Noreen, Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan 28
60 Naseem Abbas, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider, Dr. Muhammad Aqeel Raza 29
61 Naseer Ali Shah 29
Relationship between Students‟ Academic Achievement and Self-Regulated Learning
62 at Elementary Level 29
Nazeer Ahmad
63 Parvisha Manzoor, Mubshra Khan, Dr. Musarrat Jahan 30
Analyzing the Literacy and Numeracy Drive (LND) Assessment System in Gove rnment
64 Schools of South Punjab 30
Rana Umer Hayat and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
A Comparative Study of the Pedagogical Strategies Applied by Private and Public
65 School English Teachers at the Secondary Level 30
Rani Qaisra, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider , Farhat Nasim
66 Rubina Kausar 31
Tasting the Pickles of History: A Post-Colonial Study of Burnt Shadows by Kamila
67 Shamsie 31
Sadia Komal
69 Safdar Malik 31
69 Sajeela Arooj 32
70 Sajid Nadeem Khan Khosa, Dr. Muhammad Shakir 32
Role of Head Teacher in Promoting Academic Culture in secondary School in District
71 Bahawalpur 32
Sehrish Abbas
72 Muhammad Shahmeer, Sabir Hussain 33
Analysis of Teacher Competency in Enhancing Problem Solving Skills of Students at
73 Secondary School Level 33
Shazia Aslam
74 Muhammad Shahmeer, Sabir Hussain 33
Effects of Parents Teacher Meeting on Students‟ Performance at Private Secondary
Level School in City Faisalabad
75 Sohaib Usman, Aqeela Saghir, Qamar Un-Nisa, Muhammad Rafiq uz Zaman, Kanwal 34
Fatima
The Study of Learning Difficulties of Students in English at Primary level in District
76 Bahawalpur 34
Sidra Sabir
Measuring Students‟ Civics Outcomes in Secondary Schools of District Bahawalpur
77 Snobia Ejaz, Dr. Muhammad Shakir 35

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xx
A Qualitative Investigation of Verbal Cues of Deceptive Utterances among Young

78 Adults 35
Sumayyah Idrees, Ayesha Batool, Afsah Idrees
79 Sumia Saleem 35
Teachers‟ Anxiety and its Major Causes towards the Use of Educational Technology in
80 Tertiary Education 36
Syeda Fatima Niaz, Dr. Muzammila Akram, Tabinda Azam
Perceptions of Stakeholders about Teachers‟ Pedagogical Competence: A Case Study
of KFUEIT Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
81 Dr. Jam Muhammad Zafar, Dr. Naeem Ullah, Syed Faiyaz Ahmad Zaidi, Muhammad Tariq 36
Bilal
The Effects of Information and Communication Technology on Learning: A Case
82 Study 37
Tariq Raza, Khawaja Imtiazullah, Nasreen Akhter
Role of Literacy and Non-Formal Basic Education Department, Punjab in Achieving
83 Sustainable Developments Goals (SDGs) 37
Zahid Nazir Khan
Problems in Speaking English Language at Primary Level in Bahawalpur with Special
84 Reference to the revised English Curriculum 2021 (SNC) A Case study 37
Zahida Saleem
Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on the Performance of Fe male
85 Teachers of Rural Public Schools 38
86 Amna Jabeen 38
87 Kousar Bibi 38
Perception of Primary School teachers toward the Single National Curriculum (SNC)
89 Nusrat Perveen 39
89 Sania Shafique 39
Emotional Intelligence based Female Leadership in Higher Education Institutes of
90 Pakistan 39
Dr. Irfan Bashir, Dr. Rizwan Akram Rana
Online Teaching at Higher Education Level during COVID-19: Prospective Teachers‟
91 Views 40
Saeedullah, Dr. Samra Bashir
92 Samar Abbas, Misbah Akhtar 40
A Study to Analyze the Problems of BS Level Students in Speaking English Language
93 at University Level 40
Hafiza Hamna Anwar, Dr. Muhammad Javed, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Arfa Radheed
Investigating Teachers‟ Professional Dispositions and their Corresponding School
94 Climates: A Comparative Analysis of Qualified and Non-Qualified Teachers 41
Hamid Ali Nadeem, Dr. Zafar Iqbal
95 Kashmir Khan, Misbah Akhtar 41

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xxi
Impact of Online Gaming on Students' Aggression and Performance at the University

96 Level 41
Laiba But, Mubaraka Nadeem, Dr. Syeda Zubair Haidar
97 Muhammad Ahmad, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Dr. Muhammad Javed, Samina 42
Parents Smaller Interest in Visiting Their Children‟s School: Identifying the Reasons
98 and Analyzing Its Effect 42
Muhammad Adrees Chohan, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider, Uzma Munawar
Analysis of the Problems of Male Hostel Students in The Islamia University of
99 Bahawalpur 42
Muhammad Waleed Ahmad, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Rutab Sagheer, Maryam Maqsood
A Study to Analyze the Problems Faced by Hostilized Students
100 Rutab Sagheer, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Muhammad Waleed Ahmad, Maryam Maqsood 43
Investigating the Entrepreneurial Attitude of Students of Physical Education and
101 Sports Sciences 43
Sidra Naz
A Study on In-service Professional Training of Mathematics Teachers at Secondary
102 Level 43
Syeda Farha Shafaq Zaidi, Prof. Dr. Irshad Hussain, Qurat Ul Ain Shams
103 Benish Hafeez 44
104 Kabir Ahmad 44
Analysis of Quality Assurance Issues of Affiliated Higher Education Institutions of
105 Pakistan 44
106 Muhammad Amir 44
Female University Students‟ Lea rning Experiences during Covid-19 Pandemic in
107 Bahawalpur 45
Anum Yaseen
Opinion of Learners on Blended Learning and Implementation Process at Higher
108 Education Institutions during Covid-19 45
Ahmad Nawaz, Dr. Muhammad Shakir
The Impact of Stakeholders on Primary and Elementary Schools for Improving
109 Students‟ Performance: The Case of District Bahawalpur 46
Areeba Sanam
110 Kashaf Rubab 46
111 Kousar Bibi 46
Assessing the Current Status of Social and Civic Responsibility of the Students at
112 Elementary Level 47
Muhammad Majid Hameed, Dr. Muhammad Shakir
Analysis of Teachers‟ Perception about the Quality of Education in Affiliated Col leges
113 of Bahawalpur 47
Mariam Jabeen, Fatima tul Zohra

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xxii
Level of Primary School Teachers‟ Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation and Performance
114 of Teachers 48
Umar Farooq Shah
Associate Degree Program in Higher Education Institutions: Problems and
115 Prospective 48
Muhammad Shahid, Dr. Muhammad Shakir
116 Muhammad Shoaib 48
A Comparative Study of Perceptions and Practice of Moral Islamic Values among Male
117 and Female University Students 49
Nabila Rafiq, Muzammila Akram, Syeda Fatima Niaz
Quality Assurance Initiatives are taken by Higher Education Commission to
118 Implement ADP: Opportunities and Challenges 49
Sabir Hussain, Muhammad Shakir, Masood Ahmad
Comparison of Factors of Students Personality Development through Formal and
119 Non-Formal Education 49
Sana Khalid
Develop Competency-Based Learning Choices in Undergraduate Students at District
120 Bahawalpur 50
Safura Fatima
Role of Legal Education in Sustainable Development of Pakistan: Challenges and
121 Prospects 50
Junaid Jan, Adnan Aziz
An Investigation into Perceptions of Male Teachers about Measures Promoting
122 Harmony through Education 50
Dr. Mehlah Jabeen
A Study of Underlying Philosophy (Professionalism) about Job related Matters at
123 Higher Secondary Level in South Punjab 51
Leadership Performance in Developing School Climate to Improve Quality of School
124 Humaira Ghaffar, Qurat Ul Ain, Waqas Mahmood 51
125 Naseer Ahmad 51
126 Muhammad Noman Fayyaz, Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen, Mubashra Razzaq 52
Role of Touch and Hearing Senses in Orientation and Mobility for the Student with
127 Visual Impairment 52
Muneer Ahmad Anees
128 Malik Muhammad Ahmad 52
129 Aneela Khursheed, Dr. Muhammad Shakir 53
Analysis of Students‟ Perception about the Quality of Education in Affiliated Colleges
130 of Bahawalpur 53
Fatima Tuz Zohra, Maryium Jabeen
Students‟ Perception of Learning Environment at The Government Sadiq College
131 Women University Bahawalpur 54
Fiza Ashiq

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) xxiii
Impact of Online Classes on the Satisfaction and Performance of University Students

132 during the Covid-19 Pandemic 54
Mariam Habib, Dr. Muzammila Akram
Analysis of the Impact of SMC‟S in School Management and Improving Academic
133 Environment 54
Maryum Saleem, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem
Analyzing the Reflections of Married Individuals of South Punjab towards Higher
134 Education 55
Mehwish Imtiaz and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider
135 Hafeez Ullah, Dr. Muzammila Akram 55
Level of Primary School Teachers‟ Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation and Performance
136 in Punjab 55
Muhammad Imran
137 Muhammad Shahid, Dr. Muhammad Shakir 56
The Study about Environmental Stress on Academic Achievements of Students at
138 Higher Level 56
Muneer Ahmad, Dr. Masood Ahmad
Development of Students Creative Abilities and Expressing Natural Conditions with
139 Maximum Possibility by Using “Landscape Art” 56
Shaista Abdul Rauf
140 Tehsin Aslam 57
141 Muhammad Aslam, Dr. Syed Zubair Haidar, Muhammad Usman Akbar 57
Critical Analysis of Educational For All (EFA) Plan of Action (2001-2015) for Sustaining
142 Literacy in Pakistan 57
Muhammad Sajid
143 58

Hig h er Ed u cation International Conference (HEIC-2023) 1
International Keynote Speaker
Enculturation of STEM Education in Higher Education-“Future Skill Sets for Human Capital Development in
Smart and Circular Economy”
Mohamad Sattar Rasul
STEM Enculturation Research Center, Faculty of Education
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
drsattar@ukm.edu.my
The future of the economy is in STEM and ―that‘s where the jobs of tomorrow will be‖. Experts generally do agree,
however, that STEM workers use their knowledge of science, technology, engineering, or math to
try to understand how the world works and to solve problems. In the past years, the traditional
model of ―buy, consume and dispose‖ started to gradually be replaced by more sustainable beliefs
that slowly impose the concept of circular economy. The term Circular Economy (CE) may be
defined as ―a system that is restorative or regenerative by intention and design that can be
achieved by eliminating waste through the superior design of materials, products, systems and,
within this, business models‖. In STEM education, it has a critical role to play in the evolution of
circular approaches to extend the service life of goods and close the loop. It must meet the demand
for higher technical skills and provide crucial support for CE. Institutions need to equip young
people with the relevant STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) competencies for green jobs in
emerging sectors. Circular mindsets and skills must be addressed directly in the classroom, and this requires an
investment in resources such as suitable training equipment, teacher training, resource libraries, and more. Experts
emphasized that the circular economy needs new kinds of skills, actions and oper ations.
Keywords: STEM, Human Capital, Circular Economy, Future Skills Set
Digital Learning in Higher Education: What we know and what we don‟t

Professor Christopher Hill
Faculty of Education, The British University in Dubai
christopher.hill@buiid.ac.ae
Higher education and technology are becoming increasingly synonymous and yet there is still much
we do not fully understand that the use and value of technology in teaching and learning. The
Covid-19 pandemic brought to light many underlying issues about student engagement, assessment
and skill development that need closer attention. This talk will look at the recent changes in higher
education and discuss the role of technology in teaching and learnin g; the extent to which it is fit for
purpose; the impact it has on the knowledge economy and the opportunities to better respond to
emerging learning patterns and mobility. This talk will explore the role of Information
Communication Technology on teaching and learning approaches and identify key areas of growth
and opportunity for institutes of higher education.
Developmental Goals: Ally or Enemy-Impact of MDGs to SDGs on Elitism in Education

Gazi Mahabubul Alam
Department of Foundation of Education, Faculty of Educational Studies
Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
gazimalamb@yahoo.com
Before introducing the MDGs in 2000 and SDGs in 2015, ratifications and agreements (such as EFA, GATS, UNFCC,
etc.) were the prime tools for the UN to monitor and to supervise its signatories. After placing the
MDGs and SDGs, both the terms and references set for the developmental goals and existing
ratifications as well as the agreements were used to supervise the UN si gnatories. Moreover, new
ratifications and agreements are being produced time to time in order to ensure the achievement of
developmental goals. The following writing doesn‘t necessarily explain the entire developmental
goals phenomena of UN; it rather exclusively focuses on education. Considering education as a
public good, public exchequer used to cover it in order to avoid ―commercialization‖ and
―commodification‖ in education. Following the GATS‘ agreement prescribed by the WTO, many
developing nations massively developed private education sector in the early 1990‘s. According to the GATS verdict,
the signatories should remove the trade barrier from their education systems; allowing ―commercialization‖. When the
MDGs commenced in 2000, the EFA (education for all) was an UN fundamental mandate for education. According to
this mandate, all signatories must provide universal education to every child regardless of their SES, race, ethnicity and
gender. In order to achieve this target, the signatories are advo cated to expand their education sector dramatically via
the NGO and private provisions. This approach was considered by arguing that this would subside the government‘s

burden. While students from privileged SES would obviously go for private sector; poor pupils may receive education
both from the NGO and public counterparts. The strategy was further prescribed; suggesting that the public anarchy in
education must be vanished. With the support of this approach, multiple providers were welcomed to compete; a nd
education became a ―commodity.‖ The concept of ―unified education‖ for national interest was challenged in many
ways. The strategy was at least greatly successful to confirm the access in universal education for everyone. However,
this strategy was also silently ensuring a freedom of choice option in education for elites only via a response towards
capitalist view. The enrolment in education was dramatically increased because of a collective force working to ensure
EFA. This sudden increased enrolment also created an enormous pressure for secondary and tertiary provisions.
Secondary provision especially higher secondary and tertiary education counterparts were overwhelmed. In order to
resolve such crisis, the governments of UN signatories are advocated to expand the private education sector
drastically; especially for tertiary and secondary provisions. Moreover, informal investment (such as private tutors,
support of private coaching center, additional support from the school teachers in exchange of privat e funds) was
encouraged particularly to learn science education since being an international product, science education is more
expansive compared to its arts and business counterparts. The financially solvent parents were happy with this
approach; making the science education as a luxury product that they can only buy to ensure a better future for their
children. The poor children had no choice but must be reliant on public funds which might be insufficient for any form of
education; let alone science education. It is further noted that as a consequential effect of MDGs (especially EFA), a
commercially viable private higher education (HE) sector has been established that also follows a rigid capitalist view in
order to ensure education for the elites. Elitism in education is not a recent phenomenon; however the above
discussion suggests that MDGs era has brought a new horizon for the concept of elitism in education. As claimed by
the EFA monitoring team that the MDGs era is seriously successful to meet the E FA targets. The team has however
realized that the drastic and rapid expansion in education as a result MDGs policy has primarily ensured quantitative
success. It is therefore the team is advocating in favor of quality education as part of the strategy; outlined for SDGs‘. In
order to ensure quality education, a number of agendas (such as objective based learning -OBE for HE, TVET
education for poor, technology-based learning and assessment, blended learning, sustainability technology in
education) are determined whether the education agenda of SDGs really improves the education quality or promote a
capitalist view in emerging countries‘ education—a matter that deserves a graver research attention in the era of
SDGs. For instance, the purpose of HE is to produce leaders, innovators and critical thinkers —should a massive and
monopoly adoption of OBE meet the authentic purpose of higher education or would it further aggravate the adverse
effect of dependency theory in education? —an answer that is badly needed before we become crazy to respond
SDGs. HE and researches not just shape the entire education system of country but help the nation to progress further.
Adaptation of dependency theory in education must welcome more adverse challenges which would certainly hinder
the sustainable development in education.
Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable Future

Dr. Kullapa Soratana
Associate Professor in the Faculty of Logistics and Digital Supply Chain, Naresuan University, Thailand
A stagnant education system in a changing world does not encourage students to really embrace
the sustainability concept. Reshaping higher education for sustainable future is in need in 4 main
areas: Institutions, curriculum, graduates, and the industry. Higher education instituti ons should
be reshaped by incorporating sustainability principles across the disciplines, raising staff and
communities‘ awareness through outreach activities and social engagement. Curriculum and
coursework should aim at building the capacity on systemic thinking for students, and the ability
to apply sustainability concept to work and daily life, rather than just providing knowledge and
skills. For graduates, their awareness and attitudes towards sustainability should be raised.
Lectures and teaching approaches should be modified regularly to keep students up to speed of the changing world
and to promote their understanding, rather than memorizing. Finally, to reach sustainable development goals, the
collaboration should be extended to include the needs of stakeholders over the supply chain, and to build a more
sustainable society.
Upskilling and Validating the Assessment of 21 st Soft Skills

Dr. Sahbi Hidri
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, ADWC,
shidri@hct.ac.ae
Competency-based assessment has been given due momentum in different contexts, basically
for its potential of preparing graduates to be professionally effective. Upon graduation, students
are supposed to have acquired and mastered a set of a ttributes of knowledge, skills, and
competencies that help them in their future jobs. Even though these attributes are assessed, still
we do not know how teachers conceive and assess these skills and competencies, and how they
are acquired and mastered in the teaching and assessment process. Also, we do not know the
extent to which assessment can predict professional effectiveness and whether it is praxis -
oriented, prone to improvement, contextualized, criterion-referenced, or norm -referenced. Despite

its unpopularity in many academic contexts such as the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, the Common
European Framework of Reference (CEFR) as a performance-based assessment model is suggested to assess these
competencies. Even though many programs and curricula assess such skills and competencies, they are not yet
assessed based on the CEFR detailed level descriptors of the Can -Do‖ statements, thus leading teachers to make
groundless inferences about the examinees‘ ability and performance. Also, we do not know how the curriculum targets
the assessment of these competencies, nor do we know whether such assessments are done at the ―know -that‖ or
―know-how‖ level.
Tourism and Hospitality Management TechVoc Education Training, Development, and Promotion in the
Philippines
Macario g. Gayeta
Philippine Christian University, Graduate Studies, Business Management & Transnational Education
Manila, Philippines
drmggayeta@gmail.com
TVET in the tourism and hospitability sectors is crucial for the development of student‘s skills in developing countries
and for building a workforce of the highest caliber because of the growth of human capital,
which has given them the tools to be highly competent and job ready. The purpos e of this study
is to determine the state of TVET centers, and the issuance of national certifications that hinder
the implementation of techvoc education and boost student confidence as a way to close the
skills and employment gaps in the workforce for th e tourism and hospitality sector. Data
collection and data analysis for this study were done using a descriptive research approach.
The study‘s findings showed that while techvoc training for universities and their techvoc
graduates is prioritized by asses sment, promotion, and training centers, trainees who
completed their studies n archaic facilities and with a dated curriculum were unemployed. The
assessment and practical skills training center demonstrated good agreement to save
resources owing to the availability of equipment and supplies, however, the tools are worthless and can only be used
for demonstration reasons due to a shortage of people to run the facilities. A lack of suitable instruments to evaluate a
future in the tourist and hospitality industries was caused by higher education assessors who seemed less optimistic,
had a lower level of dedication, and charged insufficient fees to cover assessment costs. The long -term growth of
training centers depends on the availability of promotion possibil ities in the field of THM. Also included are several
recommendations for TVET Programs in the Philippines.
Keywords: Skills Development, Technical Vocational Education, Training Promotion and Tourism Hospitality

National Keynote Speaker

Values in Education
Dr. Javid Iqbal
Former Principal, Quaid-E-Azam Medical College (QMC) Bahawalpur
sergeonnjaved@gmail.com
Education is the foundation of not only for personal growth but of national and global growth.
The countries which have strong foundation, they have called a strong building growth and
development. For that it is very important for both learners and teachers . They understand
the real importance of education and also they understand ju st cognitive learning or skill
learning is not enough for qualify for an educated person. The most important thing is
requires for an educated person is the development of character which is only possible if our
education teaches us the values as well. The moral quotient of the person is such when he
has got two ways, he can choose the right way. How education can contribute in it, I am so
glad that the Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur,
Pakistan is going organized Higher Education International Conference (HEIC-2023) with
theme “Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable Future”. I will be very happy to be part of it and talking on the
topic of Values in education. Values in education therefore promotes tolerance and understanding above and beyond
our political, cultural and religious differences, putting special emphasis on the defense of human rights, the protection
of ethnic minorities and the most vulnerable groups, and the conservation of the environment.
Keywords: Values in Education, Growth and Development, and Character Building
Future of Higher Education in Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Nasir Mehmood
Vice Chancellor, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad
The role of education particularly is recognized as critical inp ut to growth and development of a
country. This study review how the purpose of education changed over time, what are the
st
challenges faced by the education system of Pakistan in 21 century to attain this desired progress
and certain values which are much needed to be changed for the better future of education. Debate
about the purposes of education never seems to end. Young people should become educated to
enter the workforce of the country or should the purpose of education be focused more on social,
academic, cultural and intellectual development so that students can grow up to be engaged
citizens; or the Education should prepare young people for life, work and citizenship. In this world
the last thing an education system must deliver is not information, instead this, the need is the ability
to make sense of information, to tell the difference between what is important and what is unimportant, to combine bits
of information to make whole picture. The education of today is focused on providing predetermine d set of skills such a
programming, laws of science, theories of psychology, Arithmetic, English language, etc. This has become pointless to
teach all subject matter, cover the ever-increasing breadth and depth of academic disciplines. Job market, value
systems, social standards, cultural norms will reinvent itself. Schools should switch pedagogies to 4Cs; Creativity,
Critical Thinking, Collaboration and Communication. The purpose of education should be to train youth to handle with
change, learn new things , and preserve your mental balance in unfamiliar situation. Further solution to the problems is
to re-think, make political commitments, re-orient curriculum, create supportive schools, accept teachers who are
different, redesign assessment at concept and practice level be consistent and patient for at least a decade Ensure we
don‘t lose direction in between and keep adapting as needed.
Keywords: Education, 21 st Century Challenges, Education in Pakistan and Education for Future
Reshaping Sustainable University Education in Post-Pandemic World

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Aslam Adeeb
Pro-Rector, National College of Business Administration & Economics
aslamadib@yahoo.com
The outbreak of COVID-19 has affected people all around the world. Governments had no choice
but to put people in self-isolation to stop the spread of the virus. As a result, all companies and
educational institutions switched to working or studying from home. The purpose of the study is to
investigate the im pact of COVID-19 on student teaching and learning in the context of Malmö
University. Furthermore, the study proposes recommendations for sustainable post-pandemic
education at Malmö University. The study includes ten semi -structured interviews with students
followed by a workshop with ten senior lecturers teaching bachelor‘s and master‘s courses. The
study uses snowball sampling to select students for the interviews and senior lecturers for the

workshop. A qualitative data analysis technique, thematic anal ysis, is used for data analysis on the data collected from
interviews with students and the workshop with senior lecturers. The results from the study suggested that online
education leads to several benefits for students, such as better time management, h igher lecture attendance, flexibility,
and discipline in their studies. However, the shift to online education has caused communication deterioration between
students and teachers. Less social interaction with other students leads to depression, anxiety, a nd stress. The
recommendations for post-pandemic education include the unified selection of digital learning tools across courses, a
designated budget for digital learning tools, training support, and hybrid learning methods. In conclusion, the study
proposes blended and hybrid learning to improve higher education at the university, requiring digital tools to minimize
students‘ communication barriers.
Keywords: COVID-19; Digital Education; Teaching Learning and Sustainable Education
Sustainable Education and Sustainability in Education: Policy and Implementation Direction in the Era of SDGs
Prof. Dr. Muhammad Rauf
Director, Institute of Educational Research, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
mrauf@uop.edu.pk
Sustainability in education and sustainable education are two different concepts, but the distinction
between them is not often acknowledged. A misleading distinction is also occasionally made to
define sustainable education, which may be applicable for sustainability in education. Sustainability
in education refers either to the activities that an educational institute undertakes in order to ensure
environmental sustainability or to a study program that includes those agendas both are capable of
protecting against environmental crisis. On the other hand , sustainable education refers to those
actions which an institution may initiate to deliver a substantial study program. These actions may
include upgrading the program and an institutional developmental schema. In addition to these, sustainable education
also refers to the mechanism that is capable of ensuring ―financial sustainability‖ for an educational institution and for
the programs offered. Therefore, sustainable education lies beyond the remit of quality control, as it also targets the
goal and philosophy of education by upholding ―financial sustainability‖. The discourse in the areas of sustainability in
education and sustainable education started during MDGs (Millilumen Development Goal) era. However, the discourse
has been receiving great interes t from the global audience in the era of SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) and is
moving towards too many directions to deal with. Sustainability in education has become a popular and relevant topic
in order to respond to the SDGs; especially to deal with the targets of 7, 11, and 13. On the other hand, the targets (4,
8, 9, 10 and 11) of SDGs have provided new milestones that the education sector needs to rethink. These milestones
have forced researchers to think beyond the issue of ―education quality‖. Hence, a new topic, namely sustainable
education, has been emerged.
How Online Learning is Reshaping Higher Education?

Prof. Dr. Akhtar Ali
Dean, Faculty of Online and Distance Education (IUB)
akhtar.ali@iub.edu.pk
Since the early days of the pandemic, in-person learning has largely given way to online
education. This abrupt shift in the global learning model has affected students of all ages, from
kindergarteners to college students alike. And, with the future of higher education already a
concern in the years leading up to the pandemic, the sudden move from classrooms to
computers signalled a powerful disruption in an already fragile educational system. While online
schooling was available before the pandemic, it was not nearly as common in higher education
as it is today. All around the world, educators and students who were used to in -person learning
have been forced to adapt. Classes turned into Zoom meetings, on -campus activities were
cancelled, and social distancing prevented students from getting a traditional college
experience. Even some graduations occurred remotely. But does that mean that online learning is here to stay? What
does the future of online education have in store? As the world adapts and learns to live with an on-going health crisis,
the higher education system can be studied. Remote learning experiences are essentially experimental. Online
education is working, but looking at which aspects of online learning are most successful provides a more robust
framework for the future.

Assessing Quality Assurance in Higher Education: Perception of Quality Managers

Prof. Dr. Khalid Khurshid
Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
khalidkhurshid@bzu.edu.pk
Quality of teaching and learning has become a major strategic issue in tertiary education
systems across the globe over the past decades. The present article offers a mixed -method
perspective on the investigation of determinants of effectiveness in quality assurance at higher
education institutions. The researcher collected survey data from higher education instituti ons
to analyze the degree to which quality managers perceive their approaches to quality
assurance as effective. Based on this data, the researcher developed an ordinary least
squares regression model which explains perceived effectiveness through structural variables
and certain quality assurance-related activities of quality managers. The results show that
support by higher education institutions‘ higher management and cooperation with other
education institutions are relevant preconditions for more signi ficant perceived degrees of quality assurance
effectiveness. Moreover, quality managers‘ role as promoters of quality assurance exhibits significant correlations with
perceived effectiveness. In contrast, sanctions and the perception of quality assurance a s another administrative
burden reveal negative correlations.
Keywords: Higher Education, perceived Effectiveness of quality management, quality assurance
Research in Higher Education: The Role of Teaching and Student Learning

Dr. Muhammad Ayub Buzdar
Associate Professor, Department of Secondary Education
Allama Iqbal Open University Bahawalpur
ayubbuzdar@gmail.com
Over the past 20 years, national processes for research -quality assessment have been
introduced or amended across Europe. Whatever the benefits of these systems might have
brought to the organisation and quality of research most of them have contributed for a
devaluing teaching and to a growing separation between the research worlds of the university
and student learning. This study aims to contribute to a broader understanding of the role of
research for the quality of teaching and student learning and, through the collection of good
practices and recommendations, argue for the integration of these in dicators in research quality
assessment tools and evaluation frameworks. The outcomes indicate the need to discuss the
role of teaching, staff professional development, assessment criteria and the impact of research
on graduate/ postgraduate student learning. Research assessment systems should value
teaching and student learning through research and, at an institutional level, planning must support this link through the
development of strategies based on a broader and context-driven conception of ‗scholarship‘.
Keywords: Higher Education, Teaching and Student Learning

Dr. Adeel Akhtar
Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
Research Scholar, Putra Business School, Universiti Putra Malaysia
adeel.akhtar@bzu.edu.pk
The accomplishment of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has grown in importance
throughout the world as a result of their crucial contribution to environmental protection, economic
growth, and human wellbeing. Given their global focus, the SDGs should be viewed as the
benchmark for action towards human welfare. Higher education institutions (HEIs) have recently
assumed a leading role in the effort to achieve the SDGs, p articularly in terms of the provision of
adequate awareness through teaching and conduct of various seminars regarding poverty, hunger,
health, education, environment, gender and equality etc. HEIs can play a vital role for the proper
comprehension and achievement of the SDGs. For this purpose, many areas can be focused like:
providing awareness to students, communities and all stakeholders regarding the 17 SDGs,
inclusion of less privileged and minorities in Higher Education for equitable quality education , gender equality, women
empowerment, partnerships for success of the SDGs with various stakeholders, and sustainability of the HEIs
themselves. Higher education governance should focus on sustainability issues and to make the HEIs sustainable. The
future of higher education is connected with the attainment of SDGs and to help the stakeholders for the
accomplishment of the SDGs.

Oral Presentations
Abid Hussain 1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
Deputy Director Library, Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad
Post-Doc Fellow & Faculty Member, Universiti Malaya/NDU
zrehman@ndu.edu.pk
Academic resources, especially the libraries are called ‗brain‘ o f the society, however, in many under-developed and
developing countries, this resource is mostly underused or misused, if not abused. When it comes to library usage, it is
conceptualized only as a place with bookshelves, decorated in apple pie order, inst ead of a learning resource. The
study focuses on appropriate utilization of academic resources to achieve effectiveness and efficiency at higher
education institutions. The study is qualitative in nature, where 11 library experts were interviewed. Their in terviews
were recorded with their permission and later inscribed for analysis. The feedback of each interviewee was carefully
analyzed based on content analysis and the themes were extracted. Then commonalities from all the interviews were
taken as major themes and presented in the form of conceptual framework. Finding show that academic resources,
especially libraries should be exceedingly accessible and visible to all at higher education institutions. Academic
resources not only include books but also encompass any sort of educational materials, courses, trainings,
publications, and visiting experts, from whom the learners can get knowledge face to face and integrate into eLearning
record of the universities. In modern world, libraries are the most facilitated places in Higher Education Institutions,
where students love to visit most frequently, instead of visiting cafeteria or another place. It is the place where
individuals show more interest to spend time, because modern libraries provide maximum facilities including relaxing
places, efficient search places, noisy discussion corners, and extremely research cabins. Modern libraries are full of
students and teachers and remain open 24/7, without any undue restrictions and conditions. They are mostly fully
autonomous with 100% live surveillance and students and faculty members love to spend more than 70% of their time
in libraries for discussion, individual study, conducting research, reading, and for almost any sort of activity they need to
perform in Higher Education Institutions. However, unfortunately, on the other hand, in developing or underdeveloped
countries, this resource is extremely underutilized, strictly, and unduly administered, with lots of restrictions. Findings
show that at higher education institutions, five important errands need synergized, to keep academic resources intact
including: 1) current information, 2) fully aware and skillful library staff, 3) technological inclusion i.e., artificial
intelligence, 4) accessibility, and 5) tools and techniques to find and analyze information. As it is universally
acknowledged truth that in 21st century, academic resources are essentially a fundamental strength for any higher
education institution and these need to be easily accessible to the any and every learner, because they are not only
required to complete the assigned academic tasks, but also have imperative contribution towards professional
development, gaining in-depth understanding of the field, cultural and social growth, and even economic pr osperity.
Conclusively, there the framework proposes that there exist four foundations for the academic resources including: the
readers, the library, the staff, and the service. At the end, the study provides theoretical as well as practical implications
for those who are in the helm of the affairs of planning educational policy.
Keywords: Academic Resource, Higher Education Institutions and Strategic Approach
Dr. Faisal Karim 1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
Post-Doc Fellow & Faculty Member, Universiti Malaya/NDU)
fslkarim@gmail.com
The study focuses on the concept that professional development, which relies on learning and learning can be
developed in higher education by promoting the factors of working with students to enable them reaching to their
potential and thus achieving goals. Challenging the current academic practices and conventions, demystifying the
prevailing systems, and then coming up with innovative new ideas needs to be harnessed. In higher education,
professional development is essential, because it augments not only confidence of the individuals but also overall
productivity and performance as well. The study is qualitative in na ture where we conducted interviews of 07 Vice
Chancellors (VCs) of different teaching and research oriented universities through a semi structured interview
questionnaire. The interviews were recorded with the prior permission and inscribed properly. Theme s were extracted
from the interviews and presented in a conceptual framework. Analysis show that professional development needs in
education include: 1) trainings related to leadership and management, 2) technical skills trainings, 3) professional
certifications, 4) interpersonal skills training and 5) teamwork, and emotional intelligence. Three main ideas related to
professional development include improving the existing skills, acquiring new skills in the field, and keeping abreast
with new processes, sys tems, and technologies. Professional development in higher education enables individuals to
achieve their goals by implementing experiential learning, exposure, and education with reflection. At higher
educational level mostly, two types of professional development concepts prevail including self-teaching and accredited
programs. The study proposes a framework that enables individuals to augment their skills and abilities through self -
teaching as well as through established formal programs by providing a framework including essential ingredients for
the enhancement of professional development at higher educational system. The study has theoretical as well as

practical implications for policymakers and the people who are in the helm of decision making.
Keywords: Higher Education, Professional Development and Emotional Intelligence
Higher Education Institutions and Challenges for Young Faculty Member (YFM)-Analyzing various
Perspectives
Dr. Fatima Abrar1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
PhD-Management Sciences, Air University School of Management, Pakistan
advocateatbar@gmail.com
The study highlights various challenges faced by young faculty members especiall y female faculty members at higher
education institutions. We conducted interviews of young faculty members from 3 departments including the
Department of Business administration, department of computer sciences, and department of economics form 11
universities, situated in metropolitan cities of Pakistan. Total faculty members who were interviewed work 28 in
numbers and we inscribed the interviews of all the faculty members and extracted the major themes related to the
challenges they face as young faculty members in higher education institutions. The findings show that young faculty
members face challenges including learning outcomes, the administration pressure, long hours paperwork, lack of
funding for research, student related disciplinary issues, work family problems, and alike. The studies deduces that
teaching and research at university level has been evolved over the years, and classroom management needs more
attention through mentoring young faculty members about time management, creating lesson pla n, using diverse
learning styles to teach, and organizational behavior related aspect. One of the essential challenges in 21st century is
developing value-based curricula and education where the young teachers need facilitation for different programs.
Additionally young faculty members consume a lot of time to learn the environment, university culture, and mastering
teaching techniques on their own, however various programs can be offered to reduce this time and make young
faculty members more efficient and effective in not only teaching but also research. In this way such challenges can be
turned into opportunities if universities address young faculty members issues seriously. The study proposes important
recommendations which can be of great value.
Keywords: Higher Education Institutions, Challenges for Young Faculty Member, Work Family Problem
Haider Raza Abid 1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
Ph.D. Scholar NDU
haider_abid110@yahoo.com
This study aims at the latest concept of sustainable knowledge management, where like other commodities and
products, one can recycle knowledge and recycle it as many times as needed. It proposes to establish a knowledge
management system based on sustainability, which further relies on sustainable green universities as the need of the
hour. The study is qualitative in nature as we conducted interviews o f 11 leaders selected from educational industry,
with a semi-structured questionnaire, owning statements related to sustainable education system and green education.
The feedback of the interviews was inscribed and analyzed, and then important themes were extracted and presented
in the form of a dynamic framework. Analysis showed that sustainability should be the central priority for a university
level education system, not only in teaching but also in research. Universities can use three major functions in cluding
teaching, conducting research, and engaging with the society and community, in all of their programs. In this way
universities can transform them into such organizations that produce high quality knowledge, based on the market
demand, that continuously advance the frontiers of various disciplines and knowledge in all fields and thus ultimately
enhancing and advancing human civilization. However, developing human civilization has its cost, where originates the
concept of green education system and green university. Here the themes show that a green university should be
based on green campus including 1) improved energy efficiency, 2) enhanced environmental quality, and 3) conserving
the resources. This further augment learning environment and promotin g creativity and innovation. Here the green
university provides its students with innovative technologies and research that encourages students to fashion out into
such humans possessing critical skills of problem solving, mental agility, decision making, and logical thinking for a
longer, sustainable effective future society. The study also provides a dynamic model for modern green university, that
can be turned into reality to harness the benefits, where a green university not only tries to meet the need of natural
resources including environmental resources, water, energy and alike, through serving and augmenting the very asset
the human resource of society.
Keywords: Sustainable Knowledge, Management, Green Education and Learning Environment


1 2
Ms. Nikita Pate , Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
haider_abid110@yahoo.com
It is universally acknowledged truth that learning is a process through which human beings become better part of the
society and humanity. With the emergence of 21st century, the concept of lifelong learning got established and the
current study focuses on the elements of self-motivated, voluntary, and ongoing pursuit of knowledge for both
professional as well as personal purposes. Lifelong learning, if established in any society, can ensure competitiveness
and development of the countrymen for better employability and e ntrepreneurship for the longer period of time. This
also enhances the employability and even life expectancy. The study is narrative in nature where we conducted meta -
analysis, based on 78 seminal studies of renowned authors in the field of learning, educa tion and management. After
analysis, we found that prior studies show that seven imperative advantages can be harnessed at the level of individual
and society if lifelong learning is adapted, including: augmenting brain health, lengthening lifespan, enhanc ing
probability of employability, better social life expectancy, developing shared and clearer vision, improved collaboration
and communication. The study deliberated upon elicited 3 major types of education system including formal, informal,
and non-formal. Based on conceptual analysis, the study proposes a conceptual framework where an educational
system can be established based on two principles including 1) education for all and 2) lifelong learning for all, at all
three levels; level of formal education system, level of informal education system and level of non - formal education
system. Furthermore, the study discusses about the existing education systems and how to transform them into
modern and dynamic system based on the proposed dynamic ideologies to tackle the challenges of future with dignity.
The study has futuristic perspectives for the education system and the people who are in the helm of the affairs.
Keywords: Education, Lifelong Learning, Conceptual Analysis and Employability
Authentic and Irrefutable Strategic Framework of Effective Higher Education for Humanity - Analyzing the
Dynamics
1 2 3
Muhammad Ahmad Zia Hashmi , Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman , Mrs. Maria Zia
CEO, Academy of Research International, Pakistan
Managing Director, Academy of Research
ahmadziahashmi786@gmail.com
The study aims at higher education grounded on three premises; state of existing higher education systems,
necessities-based transitions, and advising an authentic framework which is not only grounded on proven principles to
be successful but also tenaciously credible and universally pragmatic for entire humanity. The analysis of current
educational systems has been carried out, highlighting maximum of a few benefits and various drawbacks with its petty
materialistic and short-term approach. Current educational system can be observed as a mixture of various non or one
directional-packages, sold in the form of various colors and brands. Numerous schools of thoughts exist and try to pave
their way to fashion out the countryman in their own color and design. Then side by side, various transition phases
happen, and the basket of various products and packages change color s and shapes based on the necessities
imposed by the global or regional players. However, after conceptualizing the real essence of education, based on
sources including: 1) the review of existing literature, 2) evaluation of proven and tested models of ed ucation for
success, 3) deliberations of various visionary educationists, 4) extractions of the lessons through reverse engineering
of the successful, prosperous and happy societies, the study proposes a conceptual framework built on reliability and
validity for its epistemological and ontological conceptions for higher education system. It proposes that establishing a
firm and deep-grounded educational system, based on values, culture, authenticity and, humanity at large, needs to be
established, capable enough to chisel-out human being into the true crown of the creatures, through triumphing at three
levels including development into human being, development into social being, and development into universal being.
Conclusively, the study presents ample theoretical as well as practical implications for individuals, teams,
organizations, and the people who are in the helm of policymaking and governance.
Keywords: Authentic, Irrefutable Strategy, Higher Education and Humanity
Quality and Effectiveness in Teaching and Research – Meeting Challenging Demand with innovative Supply
Muhammad Shahbaz1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
shahbaz7041@yahoo.com
In higher education, the most significant functions can never be undermined which include teaching and research.
However, with these two, there is a dire need to establish them on two imperative principles including quality and
effectiveness. Hence, the study focuses on meeting the challenges of the demand with innovative supply of knowledge
through teaching and research. We conducted interviews of 37 faculty members and researchers from different
universities of the metropolitan cities. Analysis was carried out and vario us themes were extracted through a
systematic review of the interview answers. Results show that effectiveness and teaching quality can be enhanced
through 1) setting proper expectations, 2) addressing loaners‘ needs, and 3) substantiating the lectures wit h real time

examples. Similarly on the research side, the respondents were of the opinion that educators can provide valuable
solutions to students to learn and effectively implement in order to solve problems of the society and market. Side by
side a positive attitude with consistent assessment in teaching and research, is the need of the hour, where both 1) the
students as well as 2) the study material, have to be updated, in line with the current situation, and solution oriented.
The study provides a theoretical framework where both teaching and research can be enhanced based on five
important factors including knowledge sharing, informed consent, practicality, reliability, validity. The study offers an
imperative framework which is workable to implement quality teaching and research by inculcating reflection in the
classroom, establishing learning climate, proper effective instructional rigor, student engagement, content of knowledge
sharing, and instructional relevance. The study provides ample ground fo r future researchers to carry out quantitative
analysis about effectiveness and quality of teaching, and research at higher education. The study also provides
managerial implications for those people who want to harness the benefits of higher quality teach ing and research.
Keywords: Quality, Effectiveness in Teaching, Innovative Supply and Meeting Challenging
Sustainable Organizational Effectiveness (SOE)-A Management Perspective for Higher Education Institutions
Muhammad Tehseen Bahoo 1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
Research Scholar
tahseen.bahoo@gmail.com
The study focuses on the effectiveness of organizations, in accomplishing their goals and targets, bas ed on their
strategic planning. It is observed that most of the times it happens that organization effectiveness maybe achieved for
temporarily but for a longer term it fades away. Therefore, it is the need of the hour to study and highlight the important
factors and contributors towards sustainable organization effectiveness. Based on the conceptual analysis of the
existing literature, it is found that an organization having sustainable performance is based on its ability to meet the
expectations and needs of not only the employees but also the customers and all stakeholders, for a longer period of
time, through application of innovation and improvements side -by-side. The study carried out review of 177 seminal
research studies on organizational effectiveness and sustainability. Analysis show that any organizations can achieve
true potential by navigating the changes at hand and keep an eye on future by adopting an agile and proactive system.
Based on meta-analysis, seven important strategies have been highl ighted including:1) effective human resource
management, 2) effective and sustainable growth at all levels, 3) sustainable customer relationship, 4) sustainable
quality enhancement of the products and services, and 5) sustainable usage of technology and it s advancement. The
study also extracted important themes related to sustainable organizational effectiveness systems, which include
accountability, communication, measurement of the performance, and leadership. Findings show that sustainable
organization effectiveness depends on how an organization meets its long term goals and objectives, based on
product, process and people. Based on this, the study presents a management perspective for a sustainable
organization effectiveness, with theoretical and practical implications for managers.
Keywords: Sustainable Organizational Effectiveness, Management and Higher Education Institutions
Dynamics of Equal Employment Opportunities in Higher Education Institutions-A Positive Discrimination
Approach
Nazia Hayat Gondal1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
Section Officer (OMG) Secretariat, Govt. of Pakistan, Islamabad
Post-Doc Fellow & Faculty Member, Universiti Malaya/NDU)
scholarknowledge@gmail.com
Based on the historical background, gender equality has been studied in this article with a critical viewpoint in the
context of Pakistani perspective. Since the past 70 years, it has been observed that female education has been
promoted and supported by the society and government, which is really great. The study assessed the prior reports
published, showing that the intake of female in higher education institutions of Pakistan. We culled out 117 published
reports on female education in the region and assessed accordingly. Content Analysis was carried out and imperative
facets have been deduced. Findings show that female education has been supported and promoted not only in 1)
social class or working class of the community but also 2) the middle class of the community, to join high er education
for studies and professional development. It has been observed that 70 years back, the intake at universities of
Pakistan was altogether dissimilar as compared to nowadays situation. Similarly on the other side the percentage of
teaching and research staff has also increased tremendously, however, there are still lots of issues which are
underpinning and stay below the radar invisible to the policymakers, in higher education institutions. The study
highlights those critical issues of gender equality in higher education institutions including: 1) personal growth, 2) Equal
Employment Opportunity, 3) promoting growth and 4) healthy society, and 5) developing academic performance based
on outcomes. The study recommends three essential recommendation s for the policymakers and the decision makers
at HEIs.
Keywords: Dynamic, Equal Opportunities, Discrimination Approach and Higher Education Institutions

1 2
Nazia Hayat Gondal , Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Section officer (OMG) Secretariat, Govt. of Pakistan, Islamabad
scholarknowledge@gmail.com
Based on the historical background, gender equality has been studied in this article with a critical viewpoint in the
context of Pakistani perspective. Since the past 70 years, it has been observed that female education has been
promoted and supported by the society and government, which is really great. The study assessed the prior reports
published, showing that the intake of female in higher education institutions of Pakistan. We culled out 117 published
reports on female education in the region and assessed accordingly. Content Analysis was carried out and imperative
facets have been deduced. Findings show that female education has been supported and promoted not only in 1)
social class or working class of the community but also 2) the middle class of the community, to join highe r education
for studies and professional development. It has been observed that 70 years back, the intake at universities of
Pakistan was altogether dissimilar as compared to nowadays situation. Similarly on the other side the percentage of
teaching and research staff has also increased tremendously, however, there are still lots of issues which are
underpinning and stay below the radar invisible to the policymakers, in higher education institutions. The study
highlights those critical issues of gender equality in higher education institutions including: 1) personal growth, 2) Equal
Employment Opportunity, 3) promoting growth and 4) healthy society, and 5) developing academic performance based
on outcomes. The study recommends three essential recommendations for the policymakers and the decision makers
at HEIs.
Keywords: Gender Equality, Higher Education, Critical Issues and Underpinning
Nazish Imtiaz1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
Lecturer, National Textile University, Faisalabad
drziaofficial@um.edu.my
In higher education institutions, faculty members face various challenges including language barriers, lack of discipline,
large class sizes, and lack of human resources, program development, and social issues. Although there are so many
challenges, however female faculty members face a lot more challenges as compared to their male fa culty members.
The study focuses on those challenges which are of great concern because they influence the personal as well as
professional life of a female teacher. We conducted interviews of female faculty members, teaching at university level
with the experience of three years and more. Seventeen interviews were conducted, and all the interviews were
inscribed, and common issues were extracted from their feedback. After that, a thematic analysis was carried out
employing NVIVO Software. Findings show that female faculty members face issues concerning to 1) quality of
teaching, 2) the conduct of students, 3) society requirements related issues, 4) financial crisis, 5) inefficient system, 6)
poor academic results, and 7) research publications. Furthermore, subsequent issues include family related matters, as
those female faculty members who get married and have children; their job becomes much more stressful and
demanding. They also face challenges of not having a motivated and encouraging environment in hig her education
institutions, which further augments their challenging times. Side by side disciplining the students, is also one of the
important issues, female faculty members face more than their male counterparts. In this way, workplace stress stems
out, transfers into anxiety and spreads to overall life of a female faculty member, subsequently further hammering the
effectiveness at workplace. Consequently, this leads to stress, depression, and further psychological issues. In this
scenario, the study provides a comprehensive framework to address the challenges faced by faculty members at
higher education institutions, at three levels including: self-development level, family support level, and institutional
support level.
Keywords: Challenges Faced by Female, Higher Education Institutions and Language Barriers
Unhealthy Competition at Higher Education Institutions – A Solution-Oriented Inclusivity Framework
1 2
Nazish Imtiaz , Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman
Lecturer, National textile University, Faisalabad
Competition is considered important for growth and development in any field, individually as well as professionally.
Similarly, competition in higher education institutions is also necessary, however the study addresses the kind of
competition that is unhealthy, which not only creates worse impact on the lives of faculty members but also hampers
the progress and development, instead of supporting it. In nowadays fast changing world, competition in higher
education institutions, is becoming speedier as well, where targets are imposed on the faculty members, including
teaching workload, producing quality, completing teaching assignments, administrative duties, research publications
and winning the funded projects. Additionally, it is expected from the faculty members to do it without providing
effective support including human resource and other facilities. Therefore, it leads towards an u nhealthy competition,

as it tries to take over the thoughts of faculty members and making them not only feel miserable at personal level but
also at professional level. This further adds fuel to fire when the environment is uncooperative, and the system is
inefficiently structured or too loose to be used for generating results. Additionally, this kills the creativity and innovati on
of faculty members. In this situation, faculty members try their luck on their own to fulfill the system requirements as
well as the heavy demands put on them. This ultimately leads the thought process to employ various unethical
shortcuts to meet the imposed targets. In this situation, they try to win by hook or by crook, and thereof this unhealthy
competition emerges, which further leads to neglect many other central aspects of life including family, friends,
socializing and personal growth as human being. The interviewees of the study believed that such situation further
leads to additional problems in lives of the faculty membe rs. And the shortcuts cannot be sustained for a longer period;
therefore faculty members try to look for other options. When they feel burnout, prior studies show that individuals used
to try to leave the jobs, however, in this situation of high unemployme nt, instead of leaving the organizations, they opt
for isolation and disconnection to save their time and energy. Thus, ultimately ending up with a state of grumpiness and
unhappiness that stretches over their lives. The study presents an inclusivity oriented framework with the proposition to
avoid various unhealthy competition oriented activities that hamper the creativity and innovation at workplace, and
proposes a framework for healthy competition composed of the ingredients of: 1) competitiveness with a purpose, 2)
competitiveness based on self-improvement, 3) competing with others without sacrificing the relationship of coworkers,
4) competing with self to get better as compared to past, and 5) competing to resolve the issues instead of just winn or
gain the advantage by letting others down. The study also provides essential suggestions which can turn an unhealthy
competition into a healthy cooperation, thus leading to achieve much better and higher results with effectiveness and
efficiency.
Keywords: Unhealthy Competition, Higher Education Institutions, Oriented Inclusivity
Analyzing the Challenges and Risks for Higher Education beyond 2030: Envisioning and Proposing a
Futuristic Framework
Ribbat Khan 1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2, Mrs. Maria Zia 3
PhD Scholar, ribbatk@gmail.com
Post-Doc Fellow & Faculty Member, Universiti Malaya/NDU),
Research scholar, Islamabad
drziaofficial@gmail.com
The study focuses on the current situation of higher education internatio nally in general and of Pakistan in specific.
Based on COVID-19 pandemic and its aftermath effects, international community has adapted lots of changes in all
spheres of life including education. It has been universally observed and acknowledged that highe r education has
transformed and is further transforming itself at fast speed in varied aspects. In Pakistan various adaptations have
been proposed, some have been incorporated but unfortunately many still need to be addressed to be materialized.
Relying on the speed of change and predicting the educational system specifically higher education, in the year 2030
and beyond 2030 is not difficult. The study is qualitative in nature where we carried out interviews from seven
renowned visionary leaders in educational system. The respondents were contacts and got appointments, then their
interviews were recorded and inscribed based on a semi structured questionnaire. A thematic analysis was carried out
and finding show that there would be huge change in the year 20 30 and beyond. Pakistan may be facing imperative
challenges beyond 2030 in the field of higher education and various risks as well. Based on the thematic analysis, five
most important challenges were extracted including: 1) inclusion of artificially intell igent systems in higher education, 2)
mushroom growth of e-learning platforms, 3) bases of new demands, transformation in provision of educational
contents, 4) mandatory supplementary focus on emotional and social skills, and 5) shifting role of a teacher and
teaching methods. Findings show that the future of education will be more problem solving oriented, power of artificial
intelligence would be tremendously augmented, and deep learning would have become reality in all or maximum higher
education institutions. However, one of the major risks for higher education beyond 2030 could be acquiring, storing,
and utilizing knowledge and sharing of it for decision making related to various personal and industrial problems. The
study provides essential theoretical as well as practical implications for the decision makers and policymakers.
Keywords: Challenges, Risk for Higher Education and Futuristic Framework
Dynamics of Learning Opportunities at Higher Education Institutions – A Management Perspective
Rizwana Saghar1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
United Nations
Universities are considered to impart knowledge that is universal in nature, ga in a decent employment and personality
based on professional achievement and personal growth. Apart from academic programs and learning, the study
focuses on unique learning opportunities for the students at university level. We conducted group discussions to elicit
learning opportunities in universities for the students. The study was conducted in two phases, first phase comprised of
asking the question and extracting the feedback from the university students about what sort of learning they expect
from the university level, and 2nd phase includes inquiring about the available learning opportunities for them in their
universities. In first phase the assessment shows that 7 essential skills and competencies students look for, including

critical thinking, effective communication, creativity and innovation, team building and networking, self-management,
assertiveness, and study skills. In the second phase, the study elicited that there are various types of learning
experiences and opportunities based on formal learning opportunities, informal learning opportunities and self-learning
opportunities. Findings show that in universities, extended learning opportunities need to be focused on, because such
opportunities allow students to acquire fundamental knowledge a nd abilities through classroom study as well as
through practice to become independent learners in their lives. Universities need to provide such opportunities
including internships, community service, online courses, apprenticeships, independent studies, private instructions,
and mentoring programs. Such opportunities can help students to become better professionals as well as to perform
academically at higher level. The management of the universities need to consider such learning opportunities at
university level to fashion out students in becoming better part of the society. The study presents an analysis of the
existing learning opportunities and proposes various effective learning opportunities for higher education institutions
which can be having practical as well as theoretical implications for the people who are in the helm of the affairs.
Keywords: Dynamic, Learning Opportunities, Higher Education Institutions and Management Perspective
Rizwana Saghar1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
United Nations
academyofresearch786@gmail.com
It is universally acknowledged truth that sustainability is reality where organizations and the countries that adopt
sustainability not only develop but also succeeds. This article focuses on 17 sustainable development goals from four
important lenses including: 1) environmental sustainabil ity, 2) economic sustainability, 3) social sustainability and 4)
human sustainability. The study was carried out with the aim that national economic growth and social inclusion for the
well-being of the countrymen in in specific and humanity in general. Th e study relies on the documents of United
Nations that present 17 sustainable development goals, and research articles with the strategies, published in various
renowned journals. After conducting a thorough and in -depth review of existing literature, all the 17 sustainable
development goals had been discussed one by one in detail. After then, we conducted interviews of the experts from
the respective fields. Hence, we conducted 17 interviews on each sustainable development goal and inscribed that to
extract the themes to align goals strategically according to Pakistani culture, environment and economy. After mapping
the themes with sustainable development goals, results were generated. Findings show that the most important of all is
to eliminate poverty , because if there exist hunger the other goals may not be naturally considered including
education, gender, equality, clean energy, innovation, infrastructure and alike. There is a need for global partnership in
achieving sustainable development in the country at macro as at micro level and for eliminating poverty, there needs to
have a strategic and sustainable design for a longer period with all the stakeholders contributing effectively. This can
automatically lead to help all other goals to be achieved gra dually. In this way sustainable development is linked with
the reinforcement and enhancement of the resources from level one till the last level. The study presents a framework
with the detailed steps for the policymakers and the government obviously.
Keywords: Aligning, Attaining Sustainable Development and Pragmatic Approach
Sensible Synergy of Inability and Disability Issues in Higher Education Institutions – An Anthropological
Management Approach
Sana Seher1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
Research Scholar Anthropology, Bahria University Islamabad Campus
syedabc21@yahoo.com
Although there are so many issues that need attention in higher education institutio ns, however this study brings
attention towards one of the most significant issues of the students including attitude, communication barriers, physical
disability or inability, and social disability. The article also addresses some learning disabilities, w hich are not only
limited to physical disabilities but also mental ones. To obtain qualitative data, we conducted interviews of 27
educationists from all over country. Findings, after analyzing the feedback, show that some learners possess disorders
that are manifested in their personalities which create difficulties in acquiring and learning knowledge, and specific
skills of speaking, listening, writing, reading, mathematical abilities and reasoning, while other learners face academic
disabilities including fluency, problem solving competency, expression, and oral presentation. As the study focused on
the strategies that can enhance their attention and give them confidence to be successful, instead of possessing the
feeling of failure, philanthropic environment of acceptance instead of feeling neglected, providing benevolent oriented
culture of support instead of bullying, offering compassion to be coexistent instead of being mentally absent. We also
found that in educational management, with the physical di sabilities, there can be various erstwhile common disabilities
including 1) attention deficit, 2) hyperactivity disorder, 3) mobility disorder, 4) learning disabilities, 5) psychiatric
disabilities, 6) medical disabilities, 7) visual impairments, 8) trauma tic brain injury, 9) post- traumatic stress disorder,
and 10) being deaf or hard in hearing. The study presents a framework to cope with such disabilities in a sensible
manner. By understanding such issues, higher education institutions can be turned into places where the inability and
disability issues are sensibly managed through a synergistic strategy which can help to develop a healthy society in

specific and humanity in general. There are lots of challenges that higher education institutions face in th is scenario,
which include insufficient teaching resources, lack of financial support, lack of staff members, and difficulties of
program implementation and integration. Conclusively, the study provides a conceptual framework to address such
issues at higher education institutions to transform universities into centers of social development for the country.
Keywords: Sensible Synergy, Disability Issues, Higher Education and Anthropological Management
Sana Seher1, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman 2
Research Scholar Anthropology, Bahria University Islamabad Campus
sanasehar@gmail.com
The article focuses on unique and forgotten paradigms that are culture in higher education. Based on observation, it
has been noticed that whatever transformation happens, or the efforts made in higher education, they are all
interconnected to advancement, technology, and all o ther facets related to development, however the cultural
perspective has been missing or kept at the lowest priority. The study is qualitative in nature and conceptual. Based on
the existing literature, the latest reviews show that at universities the stud ents come from different societies and bring
their own culture which reflects in their academic outlooks, ethics, their behavior and spirits. They also transport
whatever they had learnt in their childhood socialization, ecological adoption, biological eff ects, their language, and
social cultural tightness to higher education institutions. Culture is actually the way individuals within some society
interact with each other based on their feelings, opinions and emotions. It has been observed that in every hi gher
education institution, a culture exists and automatically gets developed regardless of properly planning, aligning, and
developing. This unknown and unidentified culture gets established based on the demographics, workload, dress, class
size, holidays , teaching style, and environment. This cultural aspect does not stop here, as it influences learning of the
students at higher education institutions more than what the programs, they get enrolled in. Students learn about new
culture based on new feelings and new behavior. Side by side, it‘s true that education creates impact on the culture by
providing students the respective chunks of knowledge that can ultimately transform them into individuals that see how
they perceive about themselves and the world they are in. The study shows that a collective conscious effort is the
need of the hour at higher education institutions by establishing their culture that can lead to a national culture. For this
the study presents a framework, where all the imperative ing redients show how as a nation, a culture can be
established at higher education.
Keywords: Cultural Dynamics, Higher Education and Forgotten Paradigm
Abida Yaseen
M.Phil Scholar, Department of Education, National College of Business Administration and Economics
abidayaseen92@gmail.com
Botanical environment is the environment in which plant exist .Study of plants is called Botany. Botanical garden or
plantation in school is basic requirement of this era .Botanical environment is our seriousness. In rural, urban, public
and private sectors the area of grassy ground may be vary but need of plantation like school friendly plants ,medi cinal
plants ,ornamental plants ,shady plants and heat resistant plan is necessary for school it shows sense of beauty
,interest and direct attract with nature and it follows the philosophy of Naturalism .Current situation of Botanical
environment in schools district Lodhran is not good need more plant cultivation with proper care fulfill the supply of
water for better growth and nourishment of plants .our motive is clean and green Pakistan many NGOs was working for
this aspects like LPP (Lodhran pilot project )for clean and green dust free pleasant environment. To identify the benefits
of Botanical environment in school .To explore the major causes for destruction the botanical environment .To find out
the suitable area of school for plant cultivation .To i dentify the different types of Botanical environment suitable for
school .To recommend the variety of plants suitable for a particular school environment. The proposed study is applied
research .It depends on applying and observation of unique variety of plants species that are cultivated in school .It fall
into the category of descriptive research .The proposed research was came in the quantitative based in which more
number of plants with different variety are cultivated. The proposed study which fulfill the required information in time is
population .This survey were involved the collection of data from the following categories of population like students .
Teachers, parents, book writer, book designer, libraries and organization, 10% of whole population were selected as a
sample Questionnaire, observation, selected interviews are instruments fir data collection and analysis .Basic
information were collected through questionnaire. After collection of required data, appropriate analysis done to
conclude the result for achieving the objectives.
Keywords: Appropriateness, Botanical Environment and Secondary Level


Afifa Ghafoor
Research Scholars, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
afifajamshaid13@gmail.com
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of various teaching methods and strategies for
helping students to understand and retain fundamental concepts of chemistry at the elementary level.
Methodology/Design/Methods: The research employs a mixed -methods approach, including both quantitative and
qualitative data, to gather information from both students and teachers. The data collection method s include surveys,
interviews, and observations. Findings: The findings of the study suggest that interactive and hands -on activities, such
as laboratory experiments, are effective in helping students to understand and retain the concepts of chemistry.
Additionally, the study found that visual aids and real -world examples were helpful in making the concepts more
relatable and easier to understand. Implications: The research provides recommendations for teachers and curriculum
developers on how to improve the teaching of chemistry at the elementary level. This can contribute to the
improvement of the quality of education in the field of chemistry. Originality: The research presents an in -depth
examination of the teaching methods and strategies used in the cla ssroom, which is unique and provides new
information to the field. Value: The findings of this research can be used to improve the teaching of chemistry at the
elementary level, which can lead to better understanding and retention of the concepts by studen ts. Additionally, the
research can be used by curriculum developers and teachers to design effective teaching materials and methods for
teaching chemistry at the elementary level.
Keywords: Explanations, Mixed Method, Concepts of Chemistry and Elementary Level
The Effect of Rotation Model of BL on EFL Learners‟ Writing Abilities and Vocabulary Mastery
PhD Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
ahsanfg@yahoo.com
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of a blended learning approach on the writing abilities and
vocabulary mastery of EFL learners. The research was both quasi -experimental. We decided to compare the outcomes
of a blended learning approach to a traditional EFL course, with a particular emphasis on progress in writing skills. The
study was designed with ICT tools, Multi-media, DVI, PPP, and face-to-face interaction. A sample of 190 students was
used, with 95 representing the experimental group and 95 representing the control groups. Throughout the treatment,
participants in the experimental group were instructed using a blended learning rotation model. The participants in the
control group worked within the framework of the traditional paradigm and used the typical communicative approach.
The treatment lasted four weeks. Pre-test and post-test were used as data collection tools. The mean, standard
deviation and independent sample t-test were applied for the analysis of data. Among the advantages are, of course,
the availability of materials, students' desire to learn and try new things, the ability to study whenever and wherever
they want, the ability to concentrate at home, progress in writing, and other skills. The analysis revea led that the
experimental group outperformed the control group using traditional education methods. To summarize, blended
learning can successful y improve the progress of EFL students' writing skills at FGEIs (C/G).
Keywords: Rotation Model, Blended Learning, English Foreign Language Learning and Writing Abilities
Ali Fraz
PhD Scholar, Department of Early Childhood Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
alifaraz1010@gmail.com
Digital literacy refers to recognizing the need, locating, accessing, organizing, analyzing evaluating, and using the
required information by utilizing various digital devices and tools, its requir e both cognitive and technical skills. In this
study, the concept of digital literacy skills to be considered includes computer literacy, information literacy, and visual
literacy. The purpose of the study was to investigate the digital literacy skills among research scholars. This study also
examines research scholars‘; awareness about copyright issues. Descriptive survey research design was employed for
this study. The population of this study was all M.Phil and Ph.D. research scholars of four selected un iversities of
Punjab. 152 M.Phil and Ph.D research scholars were selected that were at thesis writing up stage as a sample of the
study through the snowball sampling technique from eight different departments of social science discipline. A well -
structured questionnaire was designed on Google forms and sent with a covering letter to participants through E -mail
and other communication channels. The questionnaire was containing 23 statements. The questionnaire was
composed on four different factors: computer literacy, information literacy, visual literacy and awareness of copyright
issues. The five-point rating scale was used to measure digital literacy skills among research scholars. Data were
analyzed by using frequency, percentage, mean score, standard devi ation t-test, and one-way ANOVA by using SPSS.
The findings of the study revealed that research scholars have an inadequate level of digital literacy skills and there
were also poor awareness among research scholars regarding copyright issues. It is also found from the study that the
digital literacy level among male research scholars is higher than female research scholars. Similarly Ph.D research
scholars have more digital literacy skills than M.Phil research scholars. After the in -depth understanding of the existing

level of research scholars‘; digital literacy skills, the researcher has also suggested certain measures to enhance the
digital literacy level among research scholars.
Keywords: Digital Literacy Skills, Digital Devices, Technical Skills and Th esis Writing
Identification of Quality Gap between a Public University and Its Affiliated Colleges in Bahawalpur
Amber Khurshid 1, Ramsha Khurshid 2
PhD Scholars, Educational Training Department IUB
Visiting Lecturer in GSCWU, Bahawalpur
ramshakhurshid786786@gmail.com
The study was designed to analyze ―The quality gap between a public university and its affiliated colleges in
Bahawalpur‖. The research was conducted to identify the factors that serve as a quality barrier in affiliated colleges.
Major objectives of study were to identify the quality of public sector, to identify the quality of private sector, to compar e
the quality of public and private sector, to identify the advantages and disadvantages of affiliated institutions, to give
suggestions to improve the quality of public and private sector. The nature of study was descriptive in nature.
Quantitative method was considered appropriate for data collection. For this purpose a questionnair e was developed
on a 5 point Likert scale. Questionnaire comprised of 30 close ended items as well as two open ended items. After the
construction of tool then it was validated through pilot study. The questionnaire was distributed in various departments
of university and its affiliated colleges. The sample of the study was 20 affiliated colleges and 8 departments of
university. The respondents‘ data was analyzed by using SPSS. Mean and Standard deviation were calculated. The
Independent sample T test was applied on data. After the analysis of data, findings, conclusions and recommendations
were presented which shows the views and feedback of respondents.
Keywords: Quality Gap, Affiliated College, Public University, Barriers and Feedback
A Narrative Study to Evaluate the Role of Higher Education in Women empowerment
Asad Khan 1, Faheem Afshan 2
PhD Scholars, Department of Education Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan
sweetmustafajan@gmail.com
Women play a pivotal role in the development of a country. Educated women are making the economic system
stronger. They participate in the different fields like political and social set up. In the Global Gender Gap Report,
Pakistan is ranked 153 out of 156, and according to UN Women, 53.6% of women in Pakistan lack access to
education, training, and employment, compared to only 7.4% of males. Despite how depressing the reports may seem,
they serve as a wake-up call for our country to take decisive action to better the lot of our female population and enable
them to participate equally in the economic development of our nation. Higher education is supporting the women
education in various parts of the country. The current paper is an attempt to highlight the role of higher education in
making the women empower in various fields of the country. By nature the study was qualitative. Narrative research will
be used to gather the data in story form. Study objectives are (a) to explore the role of higher education in women
economic development, (b) to explore the role of women in decision making (c) explore the role of women in political
and social development. Population of the study will comprise fifteen females. The researcher will gather the data
himself by visiting the population. The result of the study will be compiled in story form for each individual in their own
wordings.
Keywords: Narrative Study, Higher Education and Women Empowerment
Analysis of Child Labor‟s Role in Creating Hindrance for Achieving Universal Primary Education in Southern
Punjab
1 2
Dr. Jam Muhummad Zafar Ashiq Hussain Bukhari
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, KFUEIT, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
PhD Education (Scholar) Department of Education, KFUEIT, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
jam.mzafar@gmail.com
The child labor has been emerging issue in the countries immersed in the chains of deprivation, poverty and lack of
education, Pakistan has also alarming condition in this regard. There are plenty of children that were out of school and
dream of universal primary education is yet to be achieved. Child labor was the key hindrance in the implantation and
achievement of Universal Primary Education. The following study focused over the relationship of child labor and the
Universal Primary Education in the South Punjab, further it dig out the key factors that were responsible for the children
drop out from the school, and lastly to put forward the recommendations that can phase out the child labor from the
Southern Punjab. Research design for the following study was Quantitative research; the population for the following
study was two divisions of southern Punjab that were D.G Khan and the Multan. Researcher selected 264 primary
school teachers as respondents of the study. The instrum ent for the data collection has been questionnaire. The data
was analyzed through the SPSS. Study found that poverty was the triggering factor which was responsible for the child
labor. However government can play effective role to abolish the child labor and the mean score on the statement 4.53
which were greater than the 3.00. Moreover, majority of the child labor children were inhabitants of the urban areas
because here they had opportunities to work in various places.

Keywords: Child Labor, Creating Hindrance, Achieving Universal Primary Education and Alarming Condition
University students, Perception about the Assessment in semester system At Government Sadiq College
Women University Bahawalpur
Asia Malik
M.Phil, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
asiaghulamrasool123@gmail.com
The study was conducted to identify the problems of university students, role of teachers and students and satisfaction
of students regarding semester system. The study entitled University students perceptions about the assessment in
semester system at the Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur . This study was Descriptive and
Survey method was adopted to get the views about the assessment in Semester system. All students of the
Government Sadiq College Women University were the population of the study. 1otal of 150 students were selected to
collect the data. A Questionnaire was adopted and further modified with the help of supervisor and other Researchers.
Four points likert-scale was used to get the views of respondents. The Researchers used frequency, percentage, mean
and standard deviation for the analysis of the data. Findings of the study revealed four major challenges for fa ir
assessment in Semester system. These challenges include inadequate competence level of teachers in Assessment,
their non-professional behavior, and partial coverage of course outlines, and difficulty in smooth conduction of
examination. Some of the students disagreed due to excessive drawbacks. Majority in the faculty were in favor of
semester system in Higher education due to its multi- dimensional perspectives.
Keywords: Assessment, Semester System and Role of Teacher
Comparative Study of Management Practices of Public and Private Sectors Universities: A Case Study of
District D.I. Khan
1 2
Asif Minhas Faheem Khan
PhD Scholar, Qurtaba University of Science and Technology, D . I. Khan, KP Pakistan
Instructor, Regional Professional Development Center (Male), D. I. Khan Khyber PakhtunKhwa Pakistan
khanfaheem709@gmail.com
The current study aimed to compare the management practices of public and private sector universities. For this
purpose, two universities (Gomal University and Qurtaba University of Science and Information Technology) of district
D.I.khan were taken as a case study. The study was survey in nature. Therefore, Questionnaire for Management
Practices (QMP) was used for data collection. A sample 217 faculty members (167 from GU and 40 from QUST) was
taken through stratified sampling method. Questionnaire consisted of 13 domains of management practices i:e
university statutes; university governing bodies; its members selection; decision making practice; a nd implementation
of decisions; recruitment/selection/appointment and promotion of official and faculty; provision of facilities to faculty;
administrative, financial and academic matters; allocation of funds; evaluation of the employees; HEC influence in
university affairs and students admission. Content Validity Ratio (CVR) was applied to estimate the content validity of
the instrument whereas Cronabch‘s alpha was used to estimate the internal consistency of the research tool.
Researcher personally administered the questionnaire to receive maximum response rate. Independent sample t-test
and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied to test the hypotheses of the study. The result of the study indicates
that significant difference was observed between public and private sector universities regarding the management
practices in all 13 domains. Significant difference was found between the opinions of academicians of public and
private sector universities in terms of amendments in statutes; bodies decision makin g; staff selection; financial
matters; academic matters; HEC influence in administration; student admission.
Keywords: Management Practices, Appointment, Promotion and Provision of Facilities
Principals' Leadership Styles as Determinant of School Culture and Organizational Support in Federal
Government Schools
1 2
PhD Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Is lamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
asmaqamar06@gmail.com
The principal leadership styles are globally acknowledged and no one can deny their importance and their influence on
organizational culture and organizational support. The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of
principals‘ leadership styles on organizational culture and organizational support of teachers in Federal Government
Educational Institutions (FGEI‘s) in Bahawalpur region. The study is quantitative in nature and survey method of
descriptive research was used in this study to collect data through questionnaires. The questionnaires were
administered to get the opinions of 256 male and female teachers working in FGEI‘s in Bahawalpu r region. The
collected data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings of the study show that an effective
leader has to be vigilant and adopt different styles to satisfy sub ordinates. The research reveals that the
transformational leadership style has more positive impact on organizational culture and organizational support.
Transformational leadership builds more confidence and trust for teachers‘ professional development. Hence, it is

recommended that leaders must know the advantages and disadvantages of different leadership styles as they are the
key person for the success of their institution.
Keywords: Leadership Styles, Determinant of School Culture and Organizational Support
Students‟ Aggression and Mental Health as Predictor of their Educational Achievement at Federal Government
Schools
Aisha Shaheen 1, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider2
M.Phil Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
aisha.shahid48@gmail.com
The present research identifies the students‘ aggression and mental health as predictors of their educational
achievement in federal government schools of Bahawalpur. The independent variables aggression and mental health
influence dependent variables students‘ educational achievement. The study sample consisted of 150 secondary
school students of federal secondary schools based o n 75 male and 75 female students. Sample was selected by
using convenient sampling technique. A quantitative research design following survey technique was used in this
research for data collection. The aggression and mental health scales were used to coll ect data regarding aggression
and mental health of students while for measuring students‘ educational achievement, their previous class result
percentage was used as their educational achievement. After data collection descriptive and inferential statistic s were
applied on the collected data to obtain results. The study findings revealed that aggression has significant relationship
with mental health. Furthermore, it has negative association with students‘ educational achievement.
Keywords: Students Aggress ion, Mental Health, Educational Achievement and Government
The Relationship of Coping Strategies with Psychological Symptoms at University Level
Azmat Ali 1, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider2
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
azmata667@gmail.com
The present study explored the relationship of coping strategies with psychological symptoms at univers ity level. The
Islamia University of Bahawalpur and GSCWU students completed questionnaires that include Brief Cope Scale (BCS),
Stress, Anxiety and depression Scale (DASS), The Functions of Self-Criticizing/attacking Scale (FSCS) and Buss Perry
Aggression Questionnaire (BPAQ). The total sample size was three hundred (N = 300) which consists of males and
females. The sample was selected through the random sampling technique. Students were asked to fill the
questionnaire to measure the Relationship of coping strategies with psychological symptoms at university level.
Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 20 (SPSS-20) was used for statistical analysis. The result showed that
final year female students reported the highest levels of psychological symptoms.
Keywords: Students Aggression, Mental Health, Educational Achievement and Government
Personality Traits, Relationship Structure and Academic Achievement in High School Students
Hafsa Sherjeel 1, Hanna Zaidi 2, Tayyaba Imran 3 and Dr. Shahnila Tariq 4
Department of Applied Psychology, School of Professional Psychology,
University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
shahnila.tariq@umt.edu.pk
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality traits, relationship structures and
academic achievement in adolescents. It was hypothesized that there is likely to be a relationship between personality
traits, relationship structures and academic achievement in adolescents. it was further hypothesized that personality
traits and relationship structures are likely to predict the academic achievement in adolescents. The data was collected
from high school students (N= 164) with age range 15-19 (M=17.5; S. D=1.15) of which 86 were girls and 78 boys. Big
Five Inventory (BFI-K; John & Ramstedt, 2013) and Experience in Close Relationships (ECR -RS; Fraley, et al., 2011)
were used as assessment measures. Results revealed that Gender, Age, Education, Student Status, Mother‘s
occupation are pos itively correlated with academic achievement. However, Mother‘s education and father‘s education
and neuroticism were negatively correlated with academics. Those people who scored high on neuroticism scored less
in academics and had a negative relationship. Gender and mother‘s education were found significant positive predictor
of academic achievement whereas relationship structures were not found significant predictor of academic
achievement. Findings of this research can be implemented in the school and c olleges or educational institutions to
improve the relationship structures of students, so they can get good grades.
Keywords: Personality Traits, Academic Achievement and High School Students

Stakeholders‟ Perception Regarding Effectiveness of Social Media in Higher Education: A Case Study of
Higher Educational Institutions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Dr. Junaid Siraji 1 Dr. Faheem Khan 2
WENSAM college, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Regional Professional Development Center (RPDC), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Sobiahussain751@gmail.com
The present research study was aimed to examine stakeholders‘ perception about effectiveness of social media in
higher education. In this regard, a detailed study has been conducted in order to identify and find the perceptual stance
of three stakeholders about effective use of social media in public sector higher educational institutions of Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The study is confined to only five public sector universities of Khyber PakhtunKhwa. A Sample
of 1541 stakeholders (Teachers=165, Parents=688 and Students=688) was selected by applying the stratified random
sampling method to pick a sample from the entire population. Questionnaire was developed and used for data
collection purpose. The said questionnaire was made valid through pilot run and further index of item-objective
congruence (IOC) technique was used for its content validity. Alpha reliability score was measured through SPSS
(Version: 21.0) and its estimated value was .907. Under the all ethical considerations, the researcher administered and
collected data from the specified stakeholders. Both descriptive statistics (Mean and Frequencies) and inferential
statistics (t-test and ANOVA) were used to test the research hypotheses by using SPSS software. The results of study
indicate that stakeholders have same view point about use of social media in higher education. Stakeholders declared
that Social Networking Sites (SNSs) are effective tools for integrating in the teaching learning process. The students
are much engaged in searching the information due to participatory nature of SNS. Due to Covid -19 pandemic, use of
SNSs in higher education is rapidly increasing due to submission of many essential parameters. The results of this
study revealed the positive and significant association between the stakeholders‘ perception (students, parents;
teachers) and effectiveness of social media.
Keywords: Stakeholders, Effectiveness, Social Media in Higher Education
Mixed Method Approach to Assess the Current Research Practices in Higher Education Institutions in Khyber
Pakhtunkhwa
Dr. Faheem Khan 1, Asif Minhas 2, Sadia Bibi 4, Israht Fatima 3, Noman Gul 4, Naila Noreeen Kanwal 5
Regional Professional Development Center (RPDC), D.I. Khan, Pakistan
Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, D.I. Khan, Pakistan
Department of Special Education, AIOU, Islamabad, Pakistan
GOMAL University, D.I. Khan, Pakistan
Govt. Girl High School, Bashir, Jhang, Pakistan
faheemk2213@gmail.com
The key objective of the current study was to assess the current research practices in Higher Education Institutions
(HEIs) in KP. The study analyzed the hypothesis which stated that ―There is no significant difference in the views of
stakeholders regarding environmental, Institutional, Personal, thesis evaluation and research publication
practices‖. The study was conducted in seven (07) public sector universities of KP. Researcher used Convergent
Parallel Design (CPD). Deans, HODs, faculty members and MPhil/PhD scholars participated in the study. Therefore, a
sample of 7 Deans, 58 HODs, 228 teachers and 353 research scholars selected though stratified sampling method.
Interview was taken from 15 participations. Researcher used three instruments i:e Questionnaire, Checklist and Semi -
Structure interview for data collection. Researcher applied independent sample t-test and ANOVA as inferential
statistics to analyze the quantitative data whereas thematic analysis was used to analyses the qualitative data. The
result of the study indicates that same views were found regarding the environmental research practices. University
have collaborative research environment. Supervisors are available in the institutions for assisting scholars in discuss
research issues. HODs arranged formal meetings of supervisors and scholars to exchange research problems and
information. Moreover, concluded that institutions have physical facilities such as classroom rooms, internet facility,
labs, library etc. In addition, there are outdated books in most of the libraries of institutions. The study concluded that
the evaluation process of MPhil and PhDs thesis is lengthy and time consuming as perceived b y teachers and
students. The study also concluded that the faculty members in institutions are HEC approved supervisors and found
competent in research field. The study concluded that research publication in HEC recognized journals are one the
difficult tasks in Pakistan. High price and fee charges of HEC approved journals which is not affordable for students.
Keywords: Research Practices, HEIs
Dr. Muhammad Naeem Sarwar
Assistant Professor Multan Campus, University of Education, Lahore
maliknaeem2004@gmail.com
Higher education is experiencing a wide range of difficulties with advancement in technology after entering the new
millennium. In response to these difficulties, university teachers are utilising a wider variety of teaching strategies. The
provision of instructional support for self-accessed learning is one topic receiving more attention. The status, problems,

and trends of multimedia instructional support are examined in this paper. Examples related to the creation of
interactive websites and CD-ROMs are provided to highlight key factors for such development. These factors are
supposed to lead to more educational assistance fo r individualized learning.
Keywords: Learning, Support of Technology, Issues, Trends and Higher Education
Impact of Information Technology Services on Students‟ Social Development at the University Level
Shabeena Shaheen 1, Aqsa Saleem 2, and Safeer Nasir3
Assistant Professor at Mohi-ud–Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif AJ&K
Ph.D Scholar (Education), The University of Lahore & Visiting Lecturer, Government College Women University
Faisalabad
Lecturer at Mohi-Ud –Din Islamic University Nerian Sharif AJ&K
shabeenashaheen21@gmail.com
The focus of the study was to measure the Impact of Information Technology Services on the students‘ social
development at the university level. The objectives of the study were, (i) To find out the availability of Information
Technology services at the university level.(ii) To measure the Impact of information technology Services on students‘
social development at the university level. The study was descriptive and for data col lection survey method was used.
The population consisted of all teachers and students of private and public universities of Islamabad. The total
population of teachers in the public and private universities was 4070 and students were 140,102. Multistage random
sampling technique was used for selecting the study sample. The researcher selected 525 teachers from public and
private universities as well as 500 students from public and private universities. The researcher developed two
questionnaires using a five- point Likert scale on the foundation of related literature. The reliability of these instruments
was determined through Cronbach‘s alpha which was 0.833 teacher instrument and 0.838 for student instrument.
Mean, standard deviation, and regression analys is were used for analyzing the data. It was found that information
Technology services are available at public and private sector universities. It was also found that there was a positive
impact of information technology on students‘ social development. It is recommended may universities provide equal
opportunities to students to make access able ICT services for students.
Keywords: Information Technology Services, Students Social Development and University Level
Influence of Language and Culture on the subject of „History‟ in Higher Education in Pakistan
Assistant Professor, Department of History and Civilization Studies, BZU, Multan
yasirbzu@yahoo.com
History is more concerned with present and future than past. History writing and Teaching is always contextualized in
the contemporary world. Theoretical and methodological aspects of history writing and teaching bring the past in the
contemporary world with the use of existing structures of lan guage and culture. Futuristic aspects of history and
historiography are complex in nature. Question of Historical contingency requires a careful understanding and
examination of evolutionary process taking place in language and culture. In Pakistani context, the place of history as a
subject of knowledge is shrinking. It is a critical junction for the survival of history as a subject of knowledge in Pakista ni
Academia. The question of present and future relevance of history as a subject of knowledge require s a methodological
discourse based on language and culture. Language and culture are the prime location where evolutionary nature of
history becomes visible. Discourse on History in Pakistan discusses the question of languages and culture in diverse
manner but its appearance in academic teaching and writing is still pending. This paper intends to investigate the
question of relevance of History as a subject of knowledge by focusing on the influence of language and culture on this
discipline. It will help to gauge the future resonance and status of the History in higher education.
Keywords: Language and Culture, Higher Education, Theoretical and Methodological Aspects
Exploration of Alternative Conceptions and its Best Possible Reasons in the Subject of Mathematics
Dr. Muzammila Akram 1, Dur-i-Shahwar Aslam Khan 2 and Zahid Hussain Shah 3
Associate Professor, Department of Educational Training,
Ph.D Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
M.Phil Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
durishahwarfazal@gmail.com
This study was designed to investigate the exploration of alternative conceptions and its best possible reasons in
learning mathematics. Objectives of the study were: to find out the alternative conceptions of the students‘ learning in
the subject of mathematics, to explore the reasons behind these misconceptions and to give suggestions to improve
the students‘ alternative conceptions in learning of mathematics. This study was descriptive in nature. 1000 students
were randomly selected from different institutions. A standardized test consisting of one hundred MCQs was developed
as research tool under the guidance of experts. The study concluded that the reasons behind these alternative
conceptions are different pedagogies used by teachers and lack of knowledge about the origin of different types of
misconceptions, unawareness of students‘ prior knowledge acquired from academic settings. As the Initial conceptual

framework of students‘ knowledge is based on their prior knowledge and experiences .Hence these can be used to
formulate more effective teaching strategies Further this research emphasized that the teachers must understand the
students‘ feeling when they experience conflict, and how these experiences are related to their final responses
because cognitive conflict has both constructive and destructive potential. Thus, by interpreting, recognizing and
managing cognitive conflicts, a teacher can then successfully interpret these cognitive conflicts and make conceptual
change more likely or help students to have meaningful learning experiences in the subject of Mathematics.
Keywords: Alternative Conceptions, Best Possible Reasons, Subject of Mathematics
An Analysis of Social Behavior of Secondary School Level Students of Rangers Public School in Punjab
Farkhanda Iqbal 1, Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan 2, Dr. Muzammila Akram 3
PhD Scholars, Educational Training Department, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Chairman, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Associate Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
durishahwarfazal@gmail.com
The Researcher investigated and analyzed the social behavior of secondary school level students of Ranger‘s Public
School in Punjab. Purpose of the study was to find the behavioral problems of students and improve environment and
quality of education in rangers‘ institutes. Objectives of the study were to understand the social behavior of secondary
level student of rangers‘ public school in Punjab and understand the social behavior of RPS students toward peer. It
also describes the s ocial behavior toward teachers and determines the influence of student behavior toward studies.
Research methodology was descriptive in nature, utilized for better understanding. Population of study was teachers
and students of 35 schools of RPS, 186 teachers were selected as the sample of study, from eight different campuses
of RPS. The study was delimited to the secondary school students of rangers‘ public school at Punjab level. Data
collected through questionnaire. Instrument consist of questionnaire co mprises of 53 statements categories under ten
factors. Questionnaire distributed in eight campuses of RPS via WhatsApp, Email, post, courier, online, and also visited
personally rangers‘ public school of Bahawalpur. Then questionnaire was recollected from the respondents. Data was
interpreted through SPSS including t-test, to determine the mean, percentage and standard deviation. Results of the
study indicates that, student‘s behavior toward their teachers, classmates and towards studies was positive and
cooperative most of time, whereas sometimes students show aggression and noncooperation, comparison of variables
make the study comprehensive. Findings of the study reveals various components, those become a major reason of
positive or negative social behavior, which influence the study. Result of the study indicates that male students are
more antisocial then female. It is conclude that social behavior of rangers‘ student and teaching environment is good
but it can further improve through strong bonding between teacher student and class mates.
Keywords: Social Behaviour, Secondary School Level, Environment and Aggression
1 2
Farzana Shaheen , Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan
PhD Scholars, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Chairman, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
fshaheen41@ymail.com
The relationship between teachers‘ efficacy and academic performance of students at Army Public schools of
Bahawalpur was investigated in this article. The study tells us how teacher s‘; efficacy is correlated with students‘;
academic performance. In researchers point of view better work environment and by encouraging teachers, their
efficacy can be improved which will be beneficial for students. Five core subjects‘ checkpoint papers and results were
taken. Two tools were used by the researcher. First, students‘ two checkpoints papers and compiled their results and
second is teachers‘; based scale which are adopted. For teachers, researcher used teachers‘; efficacy belief scale for
measuring their efficacy belief. The teachers‘; sense of efficacy scale asked to review their capability regarding
instructional strategies, methods, student commitment, and classroom supervision. The research concluded that
teachers‘ efficacy is highly related to their academic qualification and experience.
Keywords: Teachers Efficacy, Academic Performance
Fouzia Perveen
M.Phil, National College of Business Administration & Economics
fouzia14175@gmail.com
The present study deals with to examine the contribution of intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation in sports
achievement at inter-collegiate level female students. The nature of the study is quantitative. The Data was collected
through adopted and modified questionnaire. The research methodology is ba sed on both descriptive and inferential
statistical approach. The data perceived by female athletes was collected using the adopted and modified sports
motivation scale (SMS) and sports performance through survey questionnaire. A number of 100 inter -collegiate level
female athletes from District Bahawalpur were selected for the data collection. Mean, standard deviation and Pearson
product-Moment Correlation were computed to analyze the data at 0.5 level of significance. Correlation and multiple

regression analysis were employed through SPSS (version 21.0). However, the findings of the study related that the
motivation has significant relationship with the sports achievement at inter- collegiate level female athletes. Implications
of the existing study were also briefed.
Keywords: Motivation, Sports Achievement, Intrins ic and Extrinsic Motivation
Evolving Trends of Teachers‟ Professional Development: A Case Study of KFUEIT Rahim Yar Khan-Pakistan
1 2 3 4
Dr. Naeem Ullah , Dr. Jam Muhammad Zafar , Muhammad Tariq Bilal , Syed Faiyaz Ahmad Zaidi
Head of Department of Education (Graduate Program), KFUIT, Rahim Yar Khan
Head of Department of Education (under Graduate Program), KFUIT, RYK
PhD Scholars, Department of Education, KFUIT, Rahim Yar Khan
syedfaiyazahmad786@gmail.com
The key objective of the university is to offer effective learning by effective teaching and it can really be achieved with
the help of competent teachers. The heads of departments in universities are educational leaders who have the most
power and influence. They are responsible for smooth running of all educational activities for effective learning of
students. Their one of the key responsibilities is to improve teachers‘ professional development to obtain desired
objectives. The study aimed to investigate the role of the heads of departments in improving teachers‘ professional
development. Professional development is essential for teachers to improve the quality of teaching that enables them
to achieve learning outcomes. The study was conducted at university level. The objectives of the study were; to
investigate the role of the heads of departments for improving teachers‘ professional department; to find out the
differences in the role of heads of departments towards teachers‘ professional development. Quantitative research
design was adapted for the study. Population of the study consisted of all heads of departments and all faculty
members of Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Informati on Technology. Stratified sampling method was
used for sampling and two strata were formulated; one for heads of departments and other for faculty members.
Twenty-five (25) HODs and One hundred fifty (150) faculty members were selected as a sample. A self -developed
questionnaire for both HODs and Faculty members was used. The results showed that HODs play a significant role for
improving the teachers‘ professional development. The perceptions of HODs and faculty members about the role of
heads of department in improving teachers‘ professional development are same.
Keywords: Teachers Professional Development, Learning Effective Tea ching and Learning Outcomes
Dr. Fouzia Parveen
Ghazi University, D. G khan Pakistan
fouziarizwan99@gmail.com
As the practice of modern technologies, the usage of social media has been enlarged. It has enhanced the risk of youth
being bullied and it appeared as a huge concern for parents, teachers, and other working professionals remarkably.
The purpose of this research is to analyze cyber bully behavior of higher educational institution‘s students, in Punjab,
Pakistan. The sample consists of 10 male s tudents that are enrolled in universities. The qualitative research method
was used in this way semi-structured interview was adapted and interviews were conducted with each student to
identify the individual opinions and behaviors of students. As a result of the content analysis, university students were
showed cyber bullying behaviors at different aspects. In addition, students‘; opinions are pursued to reduce cyber bully
behavior. The findings of the research were reflected in the literature and suggesti ons were made for cyber victims,
their families and academic institutes as well as for future researches on cyber bullying.
Keywords: Cyber Bullying, Students, Higher Educational Institutions and Modern Technologies
Hafiz Muhammad Sohail 1, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem 2
hafizsohail7776@gmail.com
The aim of this study was to explore the difficulties in learning English faced by Secondary school students. This
project is concerning difficulties faced by middle level students in learning the Second Language. Pakistani students
face many hurdles \difficulties in learning English as a second language (ESL). Objectives of the study were to
investigate the circumstances/hurdles that faces the Second L anguage learner at Secondary school level, to discover
the obstacles those create the reluctant reader of L2, to highlight factors which are causes of their failure in speaking
English, to examine the obstacles in learning English as second language among the Secondary students of the
Bahawalpur city, to present the ways to improve the declining condition of learning English as second language, to
provide guidance for future among the students of Second language learner at Secondary school level, to examine the
issues that might have been overlooked while designing the curriculum for the teaching of English in Pakistan and to
study the processes of learning English in Pakistan against the backdrop of societal changes and other relevant
factors. This study was descriptive in nature. The target population for this study would be Secondary school students
of Bahawalpur City. Sample of 150 students (male and female) would be selected from 8th grade. A survey would be

conducted using a questionnaire for collecting data about the factors \hurdles those are affecting in learning English as
a second language. The data would be analyzed statistically to comprehend the problems. Results point out that
students of the context desire to learn English but numerous factors s tand on their way of progress that need to be
eradicated for the better future of this language. The ambiguous educational policies, the bias attitude towards English,
the behavior of parents and teachers, the adverse policies of the government, the unavai lability of modern teaching
technology to the public sector, the shortage of English teachers, the flawed syllabi and examination system, the lack of
teaching training and the deprived position of teachers are the major factors that are arising obstacles i n learning
English. This Research Project highlights difficulties in Learning English as a Second or Foreign Language learner at
Secondary School Level. There are many challenges that face foreign language (FL) learners and the learner struggled
with notable difficulties. The findings showed that the learner, whose firs t and second languages were non-alphabetical,
had never been taught the sound/letter rules system of English, and this fundamental deficit played a pivotal role in her
poor classroom progress. This study is an analysis of some causes of the problems in learning ESL.
Keywords: Difficulties, English learning and Secondary School Level
Measuring the Effectiveness of Resource Rooms on Students‟ Performance in Federal Government Schools
Humera Batool 1, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider2
humerahania75@gmail.com
The equal and better educational opportunities offered to students are essential in improving concepts in science
subjects at the secondary school level. The present research examines the effectiveness of r esource rooms in
enhancing the performance of 10 th grade students at Federal Government Schools. The pretest-posttest-only control
group design from the Quasi- experimental research design was used in this study. There were 60 students in the
experimental group and 60 in the control group. The research data were collected through pretest and posttest
(including mid and final term). The data analysis was carried out through mean and paired sample t -tests to calculate
the difference in gain score. The results revealed that resource room services and laboratory facilities contributed to
boosting students‘ concepts about science subjects. It is recommended that resource room technology is a source of
knowledge and facilitates the teaching-learning process at the secondary level.
Keywords: Educational Opportunities, Improving Concept, Science Subjects and Secondary School
Preparation of an Educational Model for Mainstreaming of Madrassas‟ Education in Southern Punjab

Imran Abass
imranbukhari7786@gmail.com
Previous studies on madrassas were majorly focused on the content and impact of education in Madrassa, modern
trends and issues, m adrassa reforms/registration, etc. whereas, mainstreaming of madrassa education with
school/technical education after/during religious education is also an important factor to be analyzed. The aim of
present study is to prepare an educational model to main streaming of madrassas education through different
departments concerns. In this research, the study population is madrassas in Southern Punjab. Students, parents and
teachers of madrassa from Southern Punjab are invited to give their feedback and views ab out Curriculum of madrassa
education and, point of view regarding provision school education, technical education in madrassa with religious
education in Southern Punjab. A brief survey questionnaire for students and interview questions for parents and
teachers were established alongside with facilities observational sheet to meet the objective of this study. Madrassas
are visited 87 responses were collected from madrassa concerns. This study was descriptive in nature. Author found
out that Teachers and parents understand that religious education is beneficial in both present world and hereafter but
they also want that learners should also get school education. They recommend that madrassas have not facilities to
provide school education while government should support in this regard. Similarly, author also suggested models to
mainstream madrassas education. Thus, it is concluded that some madrassas are giving school education and all
others want to facilitate madrassas learners for getting school education. However, at the same time, government of
Pakistan does not seem to be taking any special interest in this matter which should be taken up. Provision of basic
school education, technical education, along with religious education should be mandatory. Resourc es should be
provided to madrassas without disturbing their religious education process. Government, society and madrassas itself
should play their roles in this regard.
Keywords: Educational Model, Mainstreaming, Modern Trends and Issues


1 2 3 4 5
Ishrat Fatima , Munawar Masood , Dr. Faheem Khan , Dr. Naila Noreen , Abid Masood Khan
Department of Special Education, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakista n
Department of Law, Lahore bar Association Lahore
Regional Professional Development Center (Male) DI. Khan, Khyber PakhtunKhwa Pakistan
University of Lahore
Department of Special Education, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
ishratfatima396@gmail.com
Despite the commitments made to address environmental issues by various higher education institutions, the
anticipated changes have not yet been made. Changes in the educational system must be addressed if institutions are
to understand the concept of sustainability. The authors‘; content analysis of each GCC country (United Arab Emirates,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Sultanate of Oman, Kuwait, and Kingdom of Bahrain) with a sample of 10 higher
education institutions revealed that only 5% of the universities decided to include sustainability in their mission
statements. The current study‘s descriptive nature was achieved by using a survey method to collect the data. A
qualitative study approach was used to analyze the findin gs after data regarding the difficulties students in particular
universities encountered were acquired. Students from a number of Islamabad universities were the study‘s
participants. Randomly chosen from among the N=15 students enrolled at various univers ities, they served as the
study‘s sample. Prior to the interview, demographic inquiries about the students‘; backgrounds, such as their gender,
place of residence, level of education, and employment history, were made. The reason all university students we re
chosen as respondents was because they were all inhabitants of Islamabad and had experience with a single
university in their separate areas. The population of the study consisted of every student from each of university of
Islamabad. The target demography was used to choose a sample of 285 pupils. Based on the pupil s‘; performances,
the researcher modified the device. The data for this study was entirely manually collected by the researcher using
primary sources. The researcher looked at the data using multiple regression and Pearson correlation while keeping in
mind that the alpha value was 0.05.
Keywords: Support for the Sustainability Agenda, Higher Education Institutions
Impact of Students‟ Research Experiences on their Mental Well-Being at University Level
Jawairiyah 1, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider2
zubair.haider@iub.edu.pk
During doctoral research studies, university students pass through different research experiences, and these
experiences might significantly influence the students' mental well -being. Thus, the present study investigates the effect
of university students' research experiences on their mental well -being. The study participants were 190 research
students conveniently selected from different departments of a public-sector university. The Postgraduate Research
Experience Questionnaire (Drennan, 2008) and Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (Tennant et al., 2007)
were used to collect data in this study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to the collected data. The
study findings revealed that male students had higher levels of well -being than female research students. Similarly,
good supervision had positive effects on the well -being of research students. In time feedback from the supervisor
might enhance the well-being of research students, so in the future, it is suggested to make a suitable mechanism that
assures the availability of a supervisor, arrange in time meetings with the supervisee, and proper feedback collection
from supervisor and supervisee.
Keywords: Research, Supervisor, Supervisee, Supervisory Experiences, Mental Well-being
Kaleem Ur Rehman
Lecturer, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
kaleemiub@gmail.com
This study addresses the role of social behavior of teacher on learner performance. Students with social learning
challenges or related disabilities have difficulty seeing the gestalt or the big pi cture and any behavioral system create
for them needs to provide extra information about the concepts we are trying to teach. In this study the research was
explore that aspect of social behavior of teacher on student‘s performance. In the exist study have main three
objectives which are explored with the help of specific tool; (a) to pinpoint level of social interaction of teacher toward
learner learning; (b) o know satisfaction level of social behavior of teacher on students; (c) o identify the social behavior
on classroom management. The study was described in nature. Descriptive research is related to the settings or
organizations that prevail, terms, common beliefs, ideas, behavior, actions, feelings that are going to feel, or trends and
develops. The population of this study consisted of all the secondary school of district Narowal (Shakagarh, and
Narowal).From said population the researcher was take a sample of 10 secondary schools from tehsil of district
Narowal. The researcher was further divide 10 s econdary schools into two category 5 males and 5 female secondary
schools. The researcher was taking ten teachers from each secondary school selected as sample. The questionnaire

was improved in the light of expert‘s opinions and pilots testing. The value of Cronbach alpha was 0.850, which shows
that high level of reliability of the scale (questionnaire).After collection of data through questionnaires, it was entered
into a sheet using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).In general, it can be inferred that the students‘; self-
regulation has to a high extent correlation with the teacher‘s educational and social behavior when there is warm
teacher-student relationship based on mutual understanding and respect. The teachers as a professional must kno w
the art of communication, understanding others and ability to learn from the experiences. Particularly the principal of
the schools can improve the quality of their teachers and students with his effective behavior.
Keywords: Social Behavior, Teachers and Academic Performance
Khadija Malik
M.Phil, Department of Education Training, Faculty of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
khadija.malick13@gmail.com
The school climate impact on the students describes three dimensions of the learning objective i.e society, academic
and physical. These all three measurements in the Pakistani school environment were examined and foc used. The key
objective of this study were to assess the school climate impact on student mental health at secondary level in Tehsil
Yazman schools and also recommend counter measures for the improvement of school climate. School principals were
the population of the study selected through random sampling technique from Yazman city school, Yazman DB area
schools and Yazman DRB Cholistan area schools specially. The data was collected through questionnaires which are
developed on five point Likert scale from the teacher and principal. A total 100 secondary schools were selected.
Regression test is used for the climate impact on student mental health research analysis. This study identified that
school climate plays an important role on student mental health re garding learning point of view and enhancing their
success level in academics. It proved that school climate has a direct impact on the student mental health regarding
learning and teaching in secondary school level.
Keywords: School Climate, Students Mental Health, and Secondary School
Khaleeq Ur Rehman 1 and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider2
khaleeq.bwp@gmail.com
The current study evaluates effectiveness of ECCE Room in increasing enrollment and betterment of education in
Lodhran. Making certain that initial language and literacy drills and exercises happen, specifically, reciting and
speaking aloud to a learner in ECE will not merely make ready to a kid for preprimary class of ECE, but will influe nce
their language and literary accomplishment their total integral teaching and even into mature life. The study was
descriptive in nature and survey method was used to collect data. All teachers working in government schools of city
Lodhran were the population of the study. Total 72 teachers, 72 administrator and 72 parents of students were
conveniently selected as the study sample. The data were gathered mainly through self-developed questionnaire. The
data obtained were analyzed using mean scores, frequency, and percentage. The findings describe that teachers and
managers of education are compulsory to prepare themselves to confront the challenges of making sure that every
learner, without due consideration of literacy betterment before to educational in stitution and academic ability
encounter class level accomplishment criteria.
Keywords: Usefulness, Early Child Care Education and Transport
Investigating the Effect of Visiting Teachers Teaching Style and Students‟ Satisfaction in IUB
Muhammad Aamir1 and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider2
aamirzahoor05@gmail.com
The visiting teacher is playing an important role at various levels. Visiting teachers motivates students and boost their
moral. The current study explores the visiting teachers‘ teaching style and student satisfa ction at university levels. The
aim of conducting research on this topic was (1) To define a visiting teacher teaching style, (2) To access the qualities
of teacher teaching style, (3) Relationship between visiting teacher and student, (4) Impact of teachi ng style on learning
process. The study was descriptive in nature and survey method was selected for the collection of data. To achieve the
purpose, 300 questionnaires for male and female students of IUB were constructed. The Teaching Style Questionnaire
(Kuntsche, Gmel & Rehm, 2006) and Students‘ Satisfaction Survey (Metzger, 2012) were used to collect data in this
study. After the data collection, it was analyzed by applying appropriate statistical formula and percentage and mean
scores were drawn. Analyzed results were interpreted and conclusions were made based on these results. Main
findings of the study show that the teachers‘ teaching style has a significant effect on students‘ satisfaction in
universities.
Keywords: Visiting Teachers, Teaching Style, Students Satisfaction

An Evaluation of Difficulties Faced by the Student‟s Due to the Shortage of Secondary School Teachers in
District Bahawalnagar
Muhammad Rafiq uz Zaman 1, Dr. Asif Nadeem 2, Dr. Sohaib Usman Cheema 3 Kanwal Fatima 4, Sheron Sarosh Seerat5
PhD Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Associate Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
IAEERD University of Agriculture Faisalabad
M.Phil, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
mrzmuslah@gmail.com
Education is a body and teacher is its soul. Without soul nothing can be done like that shortage of teacher openly
effected on educational activities. Students face the difficulties in their educational activities. This study aims to
evaluate the difficulties faced by the students due to shortage of teachers at secondary level. This study was conducted
in Tehsil Minchin Abad, District Bahawalnagar, and South Punjab, Pakistan. All the head teachers of boys‘ secondary
schools and students are the population of the study. A list of boys‘ secondary schools had collected . There are 28
head teachers of 28 Government secondary schools in Minchinabad.17 boys and 11 girls‘ schools in secondary wing. 5
boys and 3 girls‘ schools were selected which have more than 500 enrollments purposively. From each selected school
one head teacher, 5 teachers and 20 students were selected as respondents thus, making a sample size 8 head
teachers, 40 teachers and 160 students by Simple random sampling technique. Two well organized and structured
interview schedules were used to collect data. The collected data was analyzed with th e help of SPSS to draw
conclusion and findings. The findings of collected data indicates that 95% Respondents was agreed with the fact that
teachers‘ shortage cast an effect on students learning skills and educational activities while 5. % Respondents have
shown negative response. Class discipline also get effected because of teachers‘ shortage; 90 % respondents were
agreed while 10 % respondents were disagree with the fact that there is any effect of teachers shortage on class
discipline. Students are psychologically get adjusted with their class teacher, so they generally don‘t follow instructions
of a new teacher. The m ostly respondents 60.3 % with were strongly agree and agree respectively with this statement.
Students focus on studies is also affected and data shows that the majority of the respondents (70.3. % and 23.3%)
were strongly agreed and agree respectively with this statement that teachers‘ shortage disturbs students‘ focus.65.6.
% and 23.2% respondents were strongly agreed and agree respectively with this statement that teachers‘ shortage
create un-even and undisciplined classroom that causes negativity among students. Government should fulfill the
shortage of teachers in secondary schools as soon as possible because with the shortage of teacher s, government
never achieves the goals of educational policies. Political leaders of communities play their role to remove the shortage
of teacher.
Keywords: Difficulties, Shortage and Educational Activities
The Perception of University Teachers and Students in using ICT at Higher Education
1 2 3
Madiha Tousif and Dr. Muzammila Akram , Rabia Bahoo
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Isl amia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Lecturer, Department of Education Government Sadiq College for Women University Bahawalpur
toshami29893@gmail.com
Information and communication technologies (ICT) are a type of technologies in which the student learns by carrying
out special training programs on computer. Information and communication technology is an interactive instructional
approach in which the computer, taking the place of an instructor. The aim of conducting research on this topic was to
analyze the student‘s perception in using ICT. The study was descriptive in nature therefore survey method was
selected to collect the data. The survey included questions about the use of ICT in teaching and learning , as well as
perceptions of the benefits and challenges of using ICT. A questionnaire was designed for university teachers &
university student. Population was teachers and students of IUB. 100 teachers and 200 students were selected through
random sampling technique. The results of the study showed that both teachers and students generally had positive
perceptions of using ICT in the classroom. Teachers reported that using ICT enhanced their ability to engage students
and increased the efficiency of their teaching, while students reported that using ICT made learning more interactive
and engaging.
Keywords: perception, university teachers, university students, ICT, Higher Education
Mahrukh Tabish
B.Ed 4 Years, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
mahrukhtabish24@gmail.com
The main purpose is to find out the impact of digitalization on higher Pakistan. The study and demand for digital content
in higher education Most of the private, government universities . In Pakistan are making their classrooms digital by
introducing interactive whiteboards, touch screens, computers and projectors. These smart classrooms helped in an
increased level of understanding. In this study, the qualitative method was used for data collection.

Keywords: Digitalization, Higher Education Institutions and Smart Classroom

Factors Affecting the Performance of Teachers at Private Schools in Bahawalpur City
Mehboob Bin Sattar1 and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider 2
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawa lpur, Pakistan
mehboobbinsattar@gmail.com
The purpose of this study was to determine factors that affect teachers‘; job performance in Private Schools of
Bahawalpur City and to come up with remedial solutions. The study was descriptive in nature and survey method was
used to collect data. All teachers working in private schools of city Bahawalpur were the population of the study. Total
20 teachers (10 male and 10 female) and 100 students (50 boys and 50 girl s) from private school situated in city
Bahawalpur were selected as the study sample through convenient sampling technique. The data were gathered
mainly through self-developed questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using mean scores, frequency, an d
percentage. The study identified that the teachers treat all students equally and they readily admit any error and seek
to correct it are the effect of teachers‘; attitude their teachers‘; job performance are major factors and teachers play an
important role to improve the character of their students is the medium impact that affects the effect of teacher s‘;
attitude on their teachers‘; job performance. In general, the teachers, and students were relatively involved in some
factors that affect the effect of teachers‘; attitude on their teachers‘; job performance where teachers maintain a polite
and respectful approach to students and attitudes towards their professional influence teacher s‘ job performance was
medium impact. Besides, in the evaluation of fa ctor that affects the effect teachers‘; attitude of teachers‘ job
performance in various teachers‘ activities was satisfactory to minimize.
Keywords: Performance, Teachers, Job Performance, Activities and Satisfaction
A Comparative Study between Punjab Textbook of General Science and Oxford Science Book of Class 8 th
Research Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
hanef3637@gmail.com
Textbook is a basic book used in a particular course of study. General science textbook has a combination of aspects
of physics, chemistry and biology taught as a single subject. This study was conducted to find out the similarities and
differences between the general science of Punjab textbook and general science of Oxford of 8th grade. Qualitative
approach was applied through document analysis for data collection and data analysis. The study revealed that 8th
grade general science published by Punjab curriculum and textbook board focused more on knowledge domain (51
learning outcomes).While 8th grade general science published by Oxford University Press focused more on
comprehension (35 learning outcomes) and application (8 learning outcomes). Moreover 8th grade gene ral science
published by Punjab curriculum and textbook board focused more on analysis (15 learning outcomes), synthesis (5
learning outcomes) and evaluation (6 learning outcomes) dimensions.
Keywords: Textbook, General Science, Qualitative Approach, Learning Outcomes
Muhammad Jamshed 1, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem 2 and Zahid Hussain Shah 3
M.Phil, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University BWP
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
jamshedawan11@gmail.com
The purpose of this research study to identify the Inquiries into positive transgender development are particularly
important given the high rates of gender-based victimization and limited mental health resources in Pakistan‘s province
Punjab . Moreover, transgender Pakistan‘s province Punjab may encounter multiple forms of minority stress as a
religious minority, gender minority and often as immigrant and eth nic minorities as well. There are few psychological
studies found at present that address the religious and spiritual lives of transgender individuals effecting in Pakistan‘s
province Punjab. The current exploratory study therefore used a mixed -methods des ign to explore the religious and
mental health experiences of 150 transgender Pakistan‘s province Punjab. Participants completed a series of religious,
mental health and identity development measures as well as open -ended questions regarding their religious and family
dynamics. Fifty out of the 150 transgender Pakistan‘s province Punjab participants narrated a challenging coming -out
event, however the average depression scores for the sample were moderate and self-esteem scores were within the
normal range. Although a larger, longitudinal sample is required to conduct a statistical analysis of the mediating
factors, qualitative analysis suggested that Fifty of the 150 participants used religion and spirituality as important coping
tools (e.g., Allah, Quran, liberation theology). The present study‘s exploratory and descriptive analyses help build a
stronger theoretical foundation for understanding both the positive and negative aspects of religiosity and spirituality in
transgender Pakistan‘s province Punjab lives. Furthermore, this study highlights the need for more complex qualitative
and quantitative analyses of gender minorities‘ religious resilience and identity development experiences.
Keywords: Educational, Religious Problems of Gender, Development Experiences

Effect of Security Measures on Self Confidence of Teachers and Students at University Level
1 2 3 4
Muhammad Ramzan , Dr. Rifat Tahira , Muhammad Saleem Akhtar , Lubna Huma Naz
Ph.D Scholar, Department of Education KFUEIT, Punjab Pakistan
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Ph.D Scholar, Department of Educational Training, Islamia University Bahawalpur,
Ph.D Research Scholar, Department of Education KFUEIT, Punjab Pakistan Punjab Pakistan
musmanaligujjar3@gmail.com
In current scenario the security threat have increased the necessity for proactive approaches for safety as well as to
produce confidence in threat free learning environment. Especially educational institutes have the prime needs to
improve and equip to monitor security threats. The objective of the study was to the investigate ―Effect of Security
Measures on Self Confidence of Teachers and University Students. Security measures have deep effects on self -
confidence, on learning in safe and secure atmosphere. Independent variable was security measures and dependent
variable was self-confidence of teachers and students. The sample of study was comprised of 18 HODs, 48 teachers
and 192 students. Respondents were selected from 3 Districts equally. The reliability coefficient for HODs, .953 and
teachers/students questionnaire was 0.949. A simple random sampling procedure was adopted in the study. Effect of
security measures were measured using 10 factors; security SOP‘s, security accessories, skills, ma nagement, training,
responses, evaluation, motivation, outcomes and implementation. A comparative impact explored that security affected
equally on confidence of respondents irrespective of areas. This research also declared positive effect of security
measures on teacher‘s motivation and performance to the learning of students directly linked with respondents‘
confidence. It was recommendation that universities should efforts to apply security measures to enhance motivation,
performance and confidence of teachers and students.
Keywords: Security Measures, Self Confidence and Teachers
The Effectiveness and Features of Formative Assessment at Secondary School Level in Bahawalpur District
Muhammad Siddique
siddique929.ms@gmail.com
This study is about formative assessment at secondary level in Bahawalpur district. The primary focus of the study was
(a) to examine the effectiveness of formative assessment, (b) to analyze the features of formative assessment and (c)
to suggest differentially influence the effectiveness of the formative assessment process. A quantitative technique of
study was thought to be more suitable for applying the effectiveness and features of formative assessment. A
questionnaire is prepared for this research. Research survey was conducted from 185 respondents. Data was
analyzed. These were the findings of the study: The formative assessment is necessary for stude nts learning in
institutions of Bahawalpur. Educational system can received a solid feedback from students by using the formative
assessment. Educational institutes can achieve the goals with formative assessment. Teachers strongly agreed with
implementation of formative assessment. It was recommended that teacher education program may be enhance d by
teacher training institution in such way they may include formative assessment.
Keywords: Features, Formative Assessment and Secondary School
Nadia Noreen 1, Prof. Dr. Hafiz Muhammad Ather Khan 2
Ph.D Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
nadiaansari47@gmail.com
The study's objectives were to identify instances of gender discrimination among male and female public school
teachers, its extent and to propose strategies to lessen the impact of the glass ceiling, sticky floors, and bricked walls
as well as other forms of discriminatory constrains. Research was conducted to examine the current instances of
gender discrimination in the workplace. This was a quantitative research. Research instrument was a questionnaire
having 59 items. The research sample comprised of 161 people working in boys high and higher secondary schools of
District Bahawalpur. Out of these, 60 were female teachers, 78 were male tea chers, and 23 were school
administrators. SPSS was used for data analysis. According to the study‘s findings, even though women are frequently
separated from men and given discriminated treatment in schools, this prejudice is moderate as compared to the pa st
instances of discrimination. In Bahawalpur, social norms for women personal conduct and obligations are based on
their qualities, talents, aptitudes, identification traits, jobs, and desires. In fact, a man - centered society suggests a
patriarchal culture and dominance at work .It has been concluded that occurrences of Gender discrimination cannot be
denied, but now its victims are not confined only to female sex rather males are also fallen victim to this unequal
treatment and their basic rights are als o affected .The study demonstrated that gender-based constraints cause
inequalities in performance, communication, and efficacy among female teachers even while they do not result in
discrimination in remuneration, promotion, or training chances. The repor t advises managers and directors to
comprehend the main factors that contribute to discrimination. In any case, being able to recognize gender
discrimination is only the first step; managers must also be taught how to handle it and prevent it from happenin g

again.
Keywords: Gender Discrimination, Workplace, Treatment and Happiness
Naseem Abbas 1, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider2 and Dr. Muhammad Aqeel Raza 3
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, National College of Business Administration & Economics, Pakistan
abbas142k4@gmail.com
Higher education aims to produce qualified human resources for the economy as a whole, of such quality and quantity
that they are attained to the production activities of the state. By the way, the state‘s social, economic, political, civil and
cultural environments become self-sustained and vibrant. The ultimate objective of higher education will be facilitating
our graduates and post-graduates and preparing them to face global competition. For this purpose, there are numerous
challenges for higher education, one of which is gender equity. The present research investigates gender equity in
public universities of South Punjab, Pakistan. The purpose of the study was to collect the op inions of male and female
students of universities of South Punjab regarding gender equity. The quantitative research was based on a closed-
ended questionnaire consisting of 32 closed-ended statements based on Likert Scale. The study was delimited to the
Faculty of Social Sciences of Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan and Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur.
The study sample includes 150 male and 150 female students of BS classes selected through a convenient sampling
technique. The percentage and mean were calculated, and a t-test was used to compare the opinions of male and
female students. The study findings revealed that the students were not satisfied with gender equity in public
universities of South Punjab. There was a significant difference between the opinions of male and female students
concerning gender equity.
Keywords: Gender Equality, Public Universities and Cultural Environment
Naseer Ali Shah
Metropolitan University of Karachi, Pakistan
kakakhail7@gmail.com
One of the most discussed and debated topics in the field of education having a direct bearing on the overall output
and achievements of an organization is job Satisfaction. This descriptive study is an effort to figure out and assess the
job satisfaction among Higher Secondary School teachers with regards to the supervision, opportunity for promotion,
colleagues‘; support, salary & bonus, and work environment. The s tudy further explores if any gender difference exist in
the level of job satisfaction among teachers. With the help of purposive sampling method 07 Government Higher
Secondary Schools of Quetta city were selected, among them 03 were boys‘ schools and 04 we re girls‘ schools.
However, a sample size for this study was 126 teachers (female = 73, male = 53) who were selected again through
purposive sampling method. A survey was conducted with the help of 21 items Job satisfac tion questionnaire, having
0.84 reliability. Data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The
results indicate that majority of the teachers were satisfied with their job in all aspects, however, considerable number
of the participants were not satisfied with their organization in providing salaries and bonuses to their staff. Results also
revealed that there is a gender difference found in the level of job satisfaction among teachers of higher secondary
schools. It is recommended that HR (Human Resource Management) and school management should assess and
revise the policy of salaries and bonuses as per need where applicable.
Keywords: Teachers, Job Satisfaction, Human Resource Management and School Management
Relationship between Students‟ Academic Achievement and Self-Regulated Learning at Elementary Level
Nazeer Ahmad
nazeer55300@gmail.com
Academic achievement of the students is influenced by their self-regulated learning. This study was conducted to
understand the level of strength of this influence. This study was initiated with four (4) clear objectives: To examine
students‘ perception of self-regulated learning at elementary level; to collect evidence about students‘ academic
achievement at elementary level; to ascertain relationship between self-regulated learning and academic achievement,
and to suggest measure for guidance of stakeholders. For selecti on of the population, a list of elementary schools in
district Muzaffargarh was prepared. The students of class 8 th were selected as population of the study. Simple random
technique was used for sample selection and data were collected from 807 students be longing to all four tehsils of the
district. The researcher used an adapted questionnaire for data collection. The questionnaire was validated by taking
expert opinion and conducting a pilot testing before administering to sample participants. Data were co llected through
personal visits of schools after taking consent form relevant authorities. Collected data were analyzed with the help of
SPSS and MS Excel by using both the descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. Results of the study depict a
significant positive relationship between self-regulated learning and total obtained marks of students in the major

subject (English, Science and Mathematics). This suggested that academic achievement was predicted by self -
regulated learning of the students .
Keywords: Students Academic Achievement, Self-Regulate Learning and Academic Achievement

Parvisha Manzoor1, Mubshra Khan 2, Dr. Musarrat Jahan 3
BS Special Education, Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Assistant Professor, Department of Special Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
parvishamanzoor@gmail.com
This paper deal with a burning and universal issue all over the word ―wome n empowerment and its equality with men.
This is the way that women can make decisions of their own for the benefits based on self and society. Empowerment
covers and ensured their social, economic legal and political strength and right equal to men coveri ng all aspect based
on domestic or workplace. This study was conducted to find out the statistical level of women regarding their
empowerment. The study was descriptive in nature. A questions based on sixteen statement was prepared and
administered on working women. The sample of study was 140 working women from city Bahawalpur. Analysis
techniques were applied on SPSS version 20 and frequency, Percentage and mean score were calculated to find out
the results. It was found that 70 percent of women were foun d satisfied with their women empowerment. It means
Women Empowerment leads to decrease in domestic violence and uneducated women are at higher risk for domestic
violence than an educated woman.
Keywords: Women Empowerment, Satisfaction, Domestic Violence
Analyzing the Literacy and Numeracy Drive (LND) Assessment System in Government Schools of South
Punjab
Rana Umer Hayat1 and Dr. Syed Zubair Haider 2
M.Phil, Department of Educational Training, Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University Of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
umerh876@gmail.com
The present research explores the features and structures of ―Literacy and Numeracy Drive (LND)‖ Assessment
System to find out its effect on the learning of three class students to identify the suitability of Student Learning
Outcomes (SLOs). To determine the reasons of the apprehensions of those primary school teachers who are teaching
English content of LND based on several SLOs. This study paves the way for public sector educators to the best
accomplishments of LND Assessment System particularly for the betterment of English syllabi and its pedagogy to
achieve the intended offshoots for effective communication of English. Quantitative research was taken up to conduct
theses factual items of information. To collect items of factual information for this scrutinized study, two research tools
were undertaken to gain information from 100 primary school teachers and three class students from each 100 public
schools of district Lodhran. The first one was a five -point Likert scale having 19 close ended questions and was
devised in line with the objectives. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated with SPSS 26. After analyzing
all of these results, it was clearly verifying that this ―Literacy & Numeracy Drive‖ Assessment System is not playing an
effective role for the development of students learning and need some unique renovation in its content and execution.
Keywords: Literacy and Numeracy Drive, Assessment System, Structure of Literacy
A Comparative Study of the Pedagogical Strategies Applied by Private and Public School English Teachers at
the Secondary Level
Rani Qaisra 1, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider2 and Farhat Nasim 3
Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Educational, Bahauddin Zakriya University, Multan, Pakistan
raniqaisara17@gmail.com
The present research investigates the pedagogical strategies applied by secondary schools‘ English teachers in
classrooms. The study was descriptive, and a rating scale comprising 56 statements divided into six factors
representing pedagogical strategies used for teaching English was developed. All the male and female secondary
school English teachers teaching in government and private schools at the sec ondary level in southern Punjab
constituted the population of the study. 160 secondary school teachers representing private and public were selected
randomly from six districts of South Punjab. Mean, standard deviation and Z tests were used to measure and compare
the pedagogical strategies that secondary school English teachers in private and public sectors applied. The correlation
was also computed to find the relationship between different factors representing different aspects of pedagogical
strategies in the scale. Statements were also analyzed based on percentages and mean scores to investigate and
analyze the application of pedagogical strategies by secondary school English teachers. The data analysis revealed
that most secondary school teachers are us ing different pedagogical strategies for teaching English. No significant
difference was found between the Public and Private teachers. It was inferred that most public and private teachers

equally applied pedagogical strategies in English classrooms.

Keywords: English Classroom, Pedagogical Strategies, English Teachers
Rubina Kausar
M.Phil, Department of Education, National College of Business Administration and Economics
kousarrubina176@gmail.com
How competition can help students to improve their personality at school level. Competition in learning is attractive for
every student who polishes their skills in learning. Educational institutions are playing an important role in nation
building under an integrated system. Along with education, various activities are just as necessary as water for an
oasis. Different structures for the promotion of competition in learning have been suggested in this study, including all
type of competitions. Students can improve their skills by participating in various competitions and positive results are
obtained due to these competitions. His personality comes in harmony. This study explored the relationship between
students‘ achievement and participation in competitions 10% of the whole population was selected as a sample. Varity
of tools for proposed study, such as questionnaires, surve y and observation was used. This research is applied in
nature. It is a quantitative research and also a descriptive research. The findings of the study show that competition has
very positive effects on the personality of students. These activates improve the confidence among the students.
Keywords: Competition, Students Personality, Attractive Learning
Tasting the Pickles of History: A Post-Colonial Study of Burnt Shadows by Kamila Shamsie
Sadia Komal
Lecturer at Army Public School and College Noor Mahal Campus, Bahawalpur
sadiaspr123@gmail.com
This explanatory research analyses the effects of cultural hybridity upon identity within the field of Post colonialism in
Kamila Shamsie‘s novel Burnt Shadows. To highlight the hybrid identity of a postcolonial subject the writer focuses on
the different cultures of the world namely the Indian, the Pakistani, the English, and the American. Post colonialism is a
specifically postmodern intellectual discourse that consists of reaction to analysis of the cultural legacy of colonialism. I t
aims at combating thge legacies of colonialism on culture. The area of the research is ‗Cultural Studies‘. Postcolonial
world is a culturally hybrid world in which hybridization or the process of culture mixed -ness is always on the move. I
seek to apply Homi K. Bhabha‘s theory of ‗Cultural Hybridity‘ on Kamila Shamsie‘s novel Burnt Shadows. Culture
hybridity and identity cannot be separated from one another as there is no concept of the one without the other. By
applying the concepts of hybridity, ambivalence and li minality by Homi K. Bhabha it seeks to explore the different
factors within different cultures of the world which promote cultural hybridity and consequently exert their influence
upon identity.
Keywords: Cultural Hybridity, Colonialism, Identity
Safdar Malik
safdermalik2255@gmail.com
This research was intended to figure out the impact of motivation on English language learning at elementary level
school students. In today‘s world, English language is making its place everywhere. Learning English has become the
need for each person. This demand of learning English is being fulfilled at early stage of schooling. Students are being
taught the basic of English Language and for these learning, different activities are created for students. Students are
always encouraged by teachers for improving their perfo rmances. This research work covers the Elementary school
students who are motivated by different methods of teaching in learning English language. There are motivational
techniques which the researcher has used to teach students. The main objectives of thi s research are to explore the
impact of motivation and using the different strategies of motivation to encourage students to learn English language.
The researcher had taken 70 students of Elementary School of The Broad Vision System of Education Bahawalpu r.
These selected students were the total population of this research. There were 35 girls and 35 boys of 7 th and similarly
35 boys of 8 th class and 35 girls of 8 th class were included in experiment. The selected students of each class were split
up into two sections, A (control group) and group B (experimental group). The researcher first took pre -test before
teaching any content and then post test was conducted after teaching with the above teaching methods. It is concluded
that the student‘s performance could be better while using motivational techniques during teaching. Students always
perform well when appreciated by their mentors. It is noticed that students always pay attention towards skill -based
activities. The researcher worked hard for 15 days in teaching the students of The Broad Vision System of Education,
Bahawalpur. This research is valuable for learning different techniques of motivation to better the performance of
students. Through different techniques of motivation, students perform well in their test. It brings change in their
personality and it also develops interest in them to learn new things. The researcher concludes that different
techniques of motivation must be used by each subject teacher to teach their students. This is helpful for every student
to perform well in class.

Keywords: English Language Learning, Performance, Teaching Method and Skill Based Activities
Sajeela Arooj
M.Phil, Department of Education, National College of Business Administration and Economics
sajeelaarooj2450@gmail.com
The English Language is accepted as the global language of communication and is widely used through various
dimensions like education, technology, science, business, trade and even religion. Exploring innovative techniques to
increase motivation has been a challenge for English Language Teachers (ELT).It enables the students to change
behaviour, develop competencies, create curiosity, set goals and increase engagement. This study aimed to identify
the use of various motivational techniques in the English Language classrooms with the focus on promoting supportive
environment and holistic assessments. It also tried to find ou t the teacher‗s perceptions on the use of motivational
techniques. The proposed study was based on applied research and for this study, three English language teachers
were selected from Tehsil Hasilpur and five classes of each teacher (i.e. 15 classes) we re observed. The sample of this
study was selected through purposive non-random sampling procedure. Interviews, questionnaires and classroom
observations were used as the main tools for data collection. The collected data from field was analyzed qualitatively.
The major finding of this study included that English language teachers used different motivational strategies like group
work/ pair work, praising, use of teaching materials, rewarding to motivate their students in learning, involving them in
collaborative, communicative skills as well in creative and productive tasks. In the same way, English Language
Teachers faced some challenges like overcrowded classrooms with different ability students, lack of sufficient time,
ignorance of guardians to their children learning activities, lack of teaching resources while teaching English subject in
community schools. All the teachers are in the favor of effective, appropriate, applicable and practical motivational
techniques should be used in the classrooms to im prove the students‘; academic performance and achievements in
learning of English Language (EL).
Keywords: Motivational Techniques, Teaching of English Language, Performance and Achievement
Sajid Nadeem Khan Khosa 1, Dr. Muhammad Shakir2
Associate Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakis tan
sajidnadeemkhosa@gmail.com
This study based on investigation of teachers‘ Competency in an Inclusive Classroom Management. Participants have
been included from general education sectors. A qualitative research was selected and a semi structured questionnaire
related to inclusive classroom management was developed for data collection. Data obtained through interview, and a
statistical analysis was combined with the. The interpretation of their views was verified through member check
process. The participants of the study were 20 general education teachers; these participants were conveniently
selected from 10 general education schools in Multan city. Responded (n = 20) to ascertain teacher s‘; knowledge and
awareness about managing their general education classes when diversified individuals are in the class. Basic purpose
of this study was to find out level of awareness and issues when diversified individual include in their regular classes.
Findings of the study revealed that primary school teachers in Multan city had minimal awareness regarding diversified
individual and their inclusion in general education classrooms. They face different problems for managing their
inclusive classes. For coping they use various strategies which they think appropriate. It is suggests that primary
teachers must be informed, aware and trained. For this purpose it is recommended that specific and proper trainings
may be offered in pre-service and in-service teachers.
Keywords: General Education, Teachers Competency, inclusive Classroom Management
Role of Head Teacher in Promoting Academic Culture in secondary School in District Bahawalpur
Sehrish Abbas
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawa lpur
sehrishabbas95@gmail.com
This study was mainly concerned with the roles of school heads is to assess how the execution of the roles of school
heads affects academic culture in secondary schools. The aim was to identify administrative roles of school heads and
to evaluate the supervision of enhancing academic culture in a secondary school. The study therefore, was carried out
to fill the gap that exists in education context especially on the roles of the s chools managers and heads in relation to
the students ‘ academic performance in secondary schools. The study will increase awareness of the problem by
showing suggestions on how to improve teaching and learning climate in secondary schools. The study will h elp young
academicians in the field of education by finding research gaps and conducting more researches in the field of
education. The main objectives of the study were to identify the components of academic culture in secondary school,
to explore the Role of Head Teacher in promoting academic culture in secondary schools. (a) to identify administrative
roles of school heads towards in promoting student‘s academic performance. Evaluate how effective supervision is
carried out of the teaching process in the school in enhancing students‘ academic performance, (b) determine the
Problems of Head Teacher in promoting academic culture in Secondary School. This research was described

academic culture in secondary schools in district Bahawalpur. The population of the study consisted on all male and
female heads in Secondary level schools in district Bahawalpur. Total 197 secondary schools were considered
comprising 108 male secondary school and 89 female secondary schools from district Bahawalpur. Questionnaire was
designed as tool of data collection for getting views about the role of heads in promoting academic culture in secondary
school in district Bahawalpur. After data collection from heads of secondary school of district Bahawalpur it was
analyzed and filtered by using statistical package for social science (SPSS). It is found from the data of heads that
majority of heads are performing positively in promoting academic culture in secondary school.
Keywords: Head Teacher, Promoting Academic Culture, Secondary School and Performance
Muhammad Shahmeer1, Sabir Hussain 2
shamsheer427@gmail.com
The role of higher education is very crucial in our education system for sustainable development. The aim and
objectives of the research was to explore challenges and risks for higher education now and beyond the 2030. Wha t
would measure higher education should take for future modern challenges. The study was qualitative in nature and
interviews based. 36-degree awarding institutes were chosen randomly then 144 faculty members were select for
sample. It was found that due to high fesses dropout rate is high, public-private partnership is weak, and curriculum is
not reviewed from many years. An institution has political influences and has no autonomy. It is recommended that
government enhance higher education budget to lowers the fesses. Research and development should be enhancing.
Education should be practical and according to the need of market.
Keywords: Challenges, Higher Education, Development Enhancing Education
Analysis of Teacher Competency in Enhancing Problem Solving Skills of Students at Secondary School Level
Shazia Aslam
M.Phil, Department of Education, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
shaziaaslam166@gmail.com
A teacher having knowledge, skills and good attitude is competent teacher. Teacher competency refers to the teacher
ability to teach the students efficiently so that he may be successful in attaining the objectives of his teaching. A
competent teacher understands his student‘s needs, treats them according to their psyche and teaches them according
to their individual differences. A competent teacher understands the problems of his student and guides them about the
best possible solution. In this way a competent te acher inculcate problem solving skill in his students. The current
research proposed to investigate the‖ Analysis Of teacher competency in enhancing problem solving skills of students
of secondary school level ―This research was descriptive in nature and the questionnaire was developed for data
collection. It is applied research. The sampling procedure consists of 30 Secondary School Teacher of high schools of
Tehsil FORT ABBAS. The study Is survey type. The findings of this study reveal that the teacher co mpetency is the key
to effective and quality teaching. The competency of teachers is essential for teaching the problem solving skills in
students. Students having problems solving skills successfully face the challenges offered by the society and can
participate in the development of the country and the nation. So, teachers should have full potential and competency to
enhance problems solving skills in students at secondary school level, So that students are able to face the challenges
and become successful in 21st century.
Keywords: Teacher Competency, Problem Solving Skills, Students
Muhammad Shahmeer1 Sabir Hussain 2
Institute of Agriculture Extension, Education and Rural Development, University of Agriculture Faisalabad
Department of education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
shamsheer427@gmail.com
Physical education is now becoming necessary for the students due to the ch ange in the life style. Now everyone
spends their time mostly in the use of technology. In that situation physical education provide the knowledge about the
importance of physical education and its effects on the adequate growth. The aim of the study is to find out the role of
physical education in the development of mental health. The aim of the study is under the specific objectives such as to
find out the role, effects of physical education which effect the cognitive and mental health development and pro gress
of students of Tehsil Sahiwal. The study was quantitative in its nature and survey method was used. All the teachers of
secondary educational level were considered as population. The nature of the research was descriptive and will consist
of survey method. The total teachers of these 6 schools are 220 (100 teachers from girls secondary schools and 120
teachers from boys secondary schools) and these teachers are considered as the population of research. The sample
size of the study is 104 teachers (46 teachers from girls‘ secondary school and 58 teachers from boy‘s secondary
schools) with the confidence interval 5 % and confidence level 95% that is determined by u sing software i.e.
www.surveysystem.com. The sample size of 104 teachers had been drawn through proportionate sampling technique
and respondents were selected through simple random technique. The quantitative data were collected from the

selected teachers through questionnaire keeping in view the objectives of the study. Collected data were anal yzed by
using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS). Results of the study shows that majority (80%) of the respondents
were having 1-5 years teaching experience. According to the study results football enhance mobility with (weighted
score=432, mean value=4.15) was at the rank no 1 st order. It indicates that respondents undecided proceeding towards
nd
agree. Badminton improve the mental wellbeing with (weighted score=411, mean value=3.95) was at the rank no 2
order. It indicates that respondents undecided proceeding towards agree. It is concluded that block games promotes
thinking skills, running improve the voluntary control and stretching reduce the stress were the effects on basic motor
skills for mental development.
Keywords: Mental Health, Physical Education, Cognitive Ability
Effects of Parents Teacher Meeting on Students‟ Performance at Private Secondary Level School in City
Faisalabad
Sohaib Usman 1, Aqeela Saghir2, Qamar Un-Nisa 3, Muhammad Rafiq uz Zaman 4, Kanwal Fatima 5
Institute of Agri. extension, Education and Rural Development University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
sohaibusmancheema174@gmail.com
In parents teachers meeting generally focus is given on the social and educational habits of students by keeping in
view about individual differences. Parents and teachers meeting are focus on behavioral activity and this activity is
responsible for increasing the level and quality of education in all societies. In recent years the psychological
understanding of the students of parents and teachers meeting is considered the matter and issues of great concern.
Parents and teachers meeting have been part of high school education for tw o centuries, yet a clear expression of their
role in student learning of moral values and adjustment remains intangible. The challenges facing in teaching and
learning includes the use of teacher-centered approaches to teaching, lack of adequate and releva nt instructional
materials, inadequate classroom and learning equipment. Students of schools can interact directly with parents and
teachers meeting staff to collect data regarding their education. The main aim of the study was to find out the reasons
for which parents teachers meeting are arranged, identify the impact of parent‘s teachers meeting on students‘
performance and to explore the effects of teachers meeting on the educational environment of schools. The study was
descriptive and survey type in nature. A list of secondary schools in city Faisalabad was collected from District
Education Officer (DEO) Office. According to list there were 1280 private secondary schools. From all private
secondary schools, 10 schools were selected conveniently. There w ere 249 teachers currently working. The sample
size of 110 respondents was selected through www.surveysystem.com with confidence level 95 % and confidence
interval 7. A well-defined questionnaire based on the objectives of study was used for the collection of quantitative
data. Collected data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). It was concluded that one
fourth (20%) of the respondents were belong to age category 21 -25 years. Majority (70%) of the respondents had B.Ed
as professional qualification while less than one fifth (20%) of the respondents were M.Ed. Parents teachers meetings
are arranged for better educational quality helps to build education programme was at 1 st rank order with mean value
4.47 and weighted score 491followed by the access the achievements of students and teachers which was at 2 nd rank
order with weighted score 487 and mean value 4.35 and laying between agree to strongly agree but tending to agree
on the level of occurrence. Parent‘s teachers meeting s are arranged for providing feedback to parents provide
information about behavioral activities of students which was at 1 st rank order with mean value 4.68 and weighted score
514 followed by for giving detail description regarding the classro om performance which was at 2 nd rank order with
mean value 4.10 and weighted score 473. Vast majority 97% of the respondents described that teachers should focus
on motivation of students by point out their good aspects in front of parents while vast majority 96% of the respondents
described that teachers should use polite way while highlight the bad habits of students. It was recommended that
School administration should conduct proper teachers and parents meeting to ensure the educational quality of the
public schools. For this purpose school administration should issue the proper timing. Teacher should to provide
learning environment, tactful knowledge and ethics that enhance learning capabilities of students.
Keywords: Parents Teachers Meeting, Learning Capabilities, Tactful Knowledge and Ethics
The Study of Learning Difficulties of Students in English at Primary level in District Bahawalpur
Sidra Sabir
M.Phil, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
seekofknowledge@gmail.com
The aim of this study was to explore the difficulties in learning English faced by students at primary school level. This
project is concerning difficulties faced by primary level students in learning th e English. to overcomes on these
obstacles those create the reluctant reader of primary level, to highlight the various factors which are causes of their
failure in learning of English, to examine the obstacles in learning English as a subject or secondary language among
the primary level students of the Bahawalpur, This study was descriptive in nature. The target population for this study
would be primary school students of Bahawalpur City. Sample of 500 students (male and female) would be selected
from 5th grade. A survey would be conducted using a questionnaire for collecting data about the factors that hinder
those are affecting in learning English as a language. The data would be analyzed statistically to comprehend the
problems of English learner. Results point out that students of the context desire to learn English but numerous factors

stand on their way of progress that need to be eradicated for the better future of this language. The ambiguous
educational policies, the bias attitude towards English learning the behavior of parents and teachers, the adverse
policies of the government, This Research Project highlights difficulties in Learning English learner at primary School
Level. There are many challenges that faced English learners and the learner struggled with notable difficulties. The
findings showed that the learner who at the preliminary stages of learning, , and this fundamental deficit played a
pivotal role in her poor classroom attendance, wavering motivation to learn and practice English, a nd ultimately, in his
lack of progress.
Keywords: Learning Difficulties, Students in English, Fundamental Deficit, Classroom Attendance
Measuring Students‟ Civics Outcomes in Secondary Schools of District Bahawalpur
Snobia Ejaz1, Dr. Muhammad Shakir2,
snobiaejaz@gmail.com
The basic purpose of this research was to measure the knowledge, skills and dispositions related to civic responsibility
of the young learners in Pakistan. To measure the civics out comes researcher focus on four point which took place in
civics outcomes are civics information, civic thinking skills, civic participation skills and civic dispositions. The main
objectives of the research were: to study the important elements civic education internationally and locally, to identify
the factors which affect civic education in Pakistan, to analyses students‘ civics outcomes, responsibility for self and
others, to access student‘s civic knowledge, civic thinking skills, civic participation skills and civic disposition. The main
idea of the questionnaire was taken from the Internati onal Conference on Communication Systems (ICCS) to check
student‘s civics outcomes. The population of the study was all the secondary and higher secondary school students
from district Bahawalpur. Total thirty six hundred and thirty (3630) students‘ enrollment at secondary and higher
secondary level in the whole district. After the collection of the data researcher had developed spread sheet on SPSS -
22 and run the relevant statistical formulas. The conclusion of the study was based on searcher hypothesis st udent
was highly agree they should be able to aware of societies rules and regulation. The entire hypothesis was accepted to
one of them there was diversity in elements of civics nationally and locally. This study recommended that teaching civic
values through Islamic studies, history and social studies are not fulfilling the requirement of inculcating the civic values
in Pakistan. Separate civic education as a subject may be introduced to the students which may be based and activity-
based. Schools attain the best results in the development of public engagement when they carefully teach civic content
in schools from the secondary level.
Keywords: Students Civics Outcomes, Secondary School, Civic Thinking
A Qualitative Investigation of Verbal Cues of Deceptive Utterances among Young Adults
Sumayyah Idrees 1, Ayesha Batool 2, Afsah Idrees 3
BS Applied Psychology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Lecturer, Department of Applied Psychology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
sumayahidres555@gmail.com
The purpose of the research was to explore the dimensions of instrumental use of language as it is used while telling
lies. This was to identify verbal cues that are exhibited during dishonest utterances in order to scientifically establish the
commonalities among them. Purposive sampling technique was used to gather participants that had indulged in a
regular habit of lying for over a year. The students were interviewed using a semi -structured interview and the
saturation point was 7. Descriptive discourse analysis technique was employed on the gathered data and themes were
identified. The three core themes are ‗Assurance Phases‘, ‗Lack of Clarity and Directness‘ and ‗Formalized Language‘.
Assurance Phases breaks down into ‗Indirect Denial‘, ‗Fake Honesty‘, and ‗Referral Statements‘, while Lack of Clarity
and Directness divides into ‗Irrelevant Details‘, ‗Aggressive Countering‘, ‗Exclusionary Phases‘, and ‗Distancing
Language‘. These findings can be used to detect verbal cues of deception from everyday life situations like catching
white lies to being used to investigate crimes and catch criminals by government departments.
Keywords: Assurance Phase, Fake Honesty, Referral Statement
Sumia Saleem
M.Phil, Department of Education, National College of Business Administration and Economics, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
sumayahidres555@gmail.com
Everyone wants to become successful in life. For this purpose build up the fundamental skill is necessary to success in
academic and professional career. You might want to become a business leader, a doctor, an educator, a dentist, a
mechanic, or an accountant. You might make every effort to become the best at whatever position you have, or to grow
to the top in whatever field you are in. You need essential skills through which you become successful in your field. The
aim of the study is to identify the essential skills competences for a successful career. The current research proposed
to investigate ―Identification of essential skills for career development: A qualitative study‖. This research is descriptive
in nature and the questionnaire is developed for data coll ection. Sampling procedure consists of 10 % of the whole

population. Variety of tools such a survey method through questionnaire/interview/observation will be used. Most
people want to achieve career success, but how can you make it a reality? This further explore that using career
planning tools, one can establish goals for career and the strategies foe how to achieve goals. It will further give the
clear point of view that how to navigate the process of applying for jobs and interviews, and consider the i mportance of
transferable skills and creating the right professional networks.
Keywords: Essential Skills, Career Development and Qualitative Study
Teachers‟ Anxiety and its Major Causes towards the Use of Educational Technology in Tertiary Education
Syeda Fatima Niaz1, Dr. Muzammila Akram 2, Tabinda Azam 3
Ph. D Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Associate Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Lecturer, Department of Pharmacy, Iqra University Islamabad Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
fatimabukhari701@yahoo.com
Educational technology is considered an important element as it provides numerous benefits to create a dynamic
teaching-learning process for students. To achieve this goal universities are paying more attention to the integration of
technology in classrooms. However, successful integration depends upon proficient teachers using technology in their
teaching. Sometimes this is overwhelming and also stressful for them. The main motive behind the present study is to
examine the teachers‘ anxiety and its major causes towards the use of educational technology in tertiary education. A
sequential explanatory mixed-method research design was selected for the present study. Both quantitative and
qualitative data were collected. For quantitative data collection, a five -point rating scale questionnaire was developed.
A pilot study was conducted on 50 university teachers to assess the validity of the tool. The internal consistency of the
tool was assessed by Cronbach alpha which was 0.88. The respondents of the study were university teachers from the
district of Bahawalpur, Punjab. Out of the whole population, 20 5 teachers were approached via a systematic random
sampling technique. After quantitative data collection, SPSS version 20 was used to measure the frequency
distribution, percentage, mean and standard deviation. The quantitative findings illuminated that m ost of the teachers
were technophobic and had a moderate-high level of anxiety while using technology tools in classrooms. Based on the
quantitative findings 15 teachers were approached via purposive sampling technique to explore the major causes of
teachers‘; anxiety towards the use of educational technologies. The qualitative data illuminated that the major causes
of teachers‘; anxiety were lack of training, low self- efficacy, privacy concerns, lack of computer professionals, and fear
to change their teaching methodology.
Keywords: Teachers Anxiety, Use of Educational Technology, Tertiary Education
Perceptions of Stakeholders about Teachers‟ Pedagogical Competence: A Case Study of KFUEIT RYK,
Pakistan
Dr. Jam Muhammad Zafar1, Dr. Naeem Ullah 2, Syed Faiyaz Ahmad Zaidi 3, Muhammad Tariq Bilal 4
Head of Department of Education (undergraduate Program), KFUIT, Rahim Yar Khan
Head of Department of Education (Graduate Program), KFUIT, Rahim Yar Khan
PhD Scholar, Department of Education, KFUIT, Rahim Yar Khan
PhD Scholar, Department of Education, KFUIT, Rahim Yar Khan
tariqleghari73@gmail.com
The quality in higher education is the key for development at regional, national and international level and it is possible
with the efforts of quality teachers especially equipped with pedagogical competence. They have pedagogical
knowledge, attitudes and skills for effective teaching and learning. The study aimed to find out perceptions of faculty
members and students regarding teachers‘ pedagogical competence. The study was conducted at Khwaja Fareed
University of Engineering and Information Technology. The objectives of the study were; to find out perceptions of
faculty members and students about teachers‘ pedagogical competen ce; to find out the differences in the perceptions
of faculty members and students about teachers‘ pedagogical competence. Quantitative research design was adapted
for the study. Population of the study consisted of all faculty members and students of Khwa ja Fareed University of
Engineering and Information Technology. Stratified sampling method was used for sampling and two strata were
formulated; one for faculty members and other for students. One hundred fifty (150) faculty members and three
hundred (300) students were selected as a sample. Two separate self- developed questionnaires for both faculty
members and students were used. The results indicate differences in perceptions between faculty members and
students about the teachers‘ pedagogical competence.
Keywords: Teachers Pedagogical Competence, Quantitative Research

The Effects of Information and Communication Technology on Learning: A Case Study

1 2 3
Tariq Raza , Khawaja Imtiazullah , Nasreen Akhter
PhD Scholar, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Hazara University Mansehra KPK
Chairperson, Department of Special Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
kimtiaz11@yahoo.com
This study reveals the effect of information and communication technology (IC T) on students learning at The Islamia
University of Bahawalpur (IUB). This study aimed to explore the availability of ICT-related resources to the university
students in different faculties and to know their ability to utilize these ICT resources to compl ement their studies. This
study was in the backdrop of the reports that students of different faculties of IUB face difficulties in utilizing ICT
resources. A cross -sectional survey design was used with data collected from 90 arts, management and science
faculty students using a questionnaire. As part of this study, the questionnaire was adapted from research conducted at
Makerere University by Opira Geoffrey (Geoffrey, 2010). The questionnaires were shared in November 2022 through a
link to Google sheets for data collection. A SPSS 23.0 program was used to analyze the data. The results of the
present study indicated an acute shortage of ICT resources compared to the total number of students at IUB. The arts
faculty students face more difficulty utilizing ICT resources than science and management science students. Students
were mainly trained in basic information technology concepts and some application programs, such as Microsoft Office
and the Internet. However, contextual training of students on how to use ICT in the classroom was not offered. The
majority of student agreed that the use of ICT is vital for every student in order to gain up -to-date knowledge.
Keywords: Information and Communication Technology, Learning and Knowledge
Role of Literacy and Non Formal Basic Education Department, Punjab in Achieving Sustainable Developments
Goals (SDGs)
Zahid Nazir Khan
zahidkh82@gmail.com
According to Article 25-A of the constitution, basic education is the right of every child and Pakistan is also signatory of
Dakar Framework for Action. To achieve Education for All Goals, Government of Punjab established Literacy & Non
Formal Basic Education Department (L&NFBED) in 2002, to provide basic education to drop out/ out of school children
by opening Non Formal Basic Education Schools (NFBES). The purpose of the study was to identify initiatives taken by
the L&NFBED for achieving SDGs, challenges regarding quality education and to suggest suitable strategies for quality
education. The population was comprised on NFBES of Punjab. Sample was selected through Census and Convenient
sampling. A questionnaire was developed to acquire qua ntitative and qualitative data. The obtained data was analyzed
and it was found that majority of respondents viewed that before opening NFBES, base line survey is conducted,
teachers are hired after interview, Centre Kit and Learner Kit is provided. Induction and cluster training for teachers is
arranged. Sixty percent enrollment in NFBES is of girls and poorest segment of the society is enrolled to eliminate
gender discrimination, poverty and to give equal access to free education. Midterm and promotional assessment is
conducted. Low teachers honorarium, home based schools, single teacher for six classes and non-provision of non-
formal elementary education are challenges to achieve SDGs. It was suggested that Government of Punjab should
increase teachers‘ honorarium, hire additional science teachers in NFBES and establish Non Formal Elementary
Schools.
Keywords: Literacy and Non Formal Basic Education Department, Sustainable Development Goals and Challenges
Problems in Speaking English Language at Primary Level in Bahawalpur with Special Reference to the revised
English Curriculum 2021 (SNC) A Case study
Zahida Saleem
M.Phil, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
zahidsaleem112420@gmail.com
This case study provides insight into the teaching and learning of English speaking skills at primary level in Bahawalpur
with special reference to revised English Curriculum 2021 (SNC) as a research context, investigating th e teachers‘ and
students‘ perceptions in terms of the level of adoption of the SNC revised English Curriculum 2021 Competencies and
benchmarks for the development of spoken skills and the challenges faced by both the teachers and students towards
the achievement of these competencies and benchmarks specially to develop the spoken skills.. The lens of focus was
placed on the main obstacles that might impede the development of spoken skills at primary level. The results and the
findings of this study will als o help to facilitate the teachers and decision makers in their planning and designing of the
English language speaking skills curricula and classroom activities. In order to achieve valid and reliable results, this
research adopted a qualitative method and case study approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in order
to gather the data from the teachers who teach English at primary level in Bahawalpur. The main findings of this
research reveal that traditional approaches and techniques are more fr equently employed in the institution to teach
speaking skills, whereas SNC revised curriculum demands more modern language teaching methods and A.V aids to
develop the communication and spoken skills. The current examination system only based on written sk ills having

nothing to do with spoken and listening skills so the classroom activities are just based on just reading skills and
teaching grammar rules and mere cramming to pass the exam. Moreover overcrowded classroom, overloaded
curricula, lack of motivation, language anxiety, empathy, and lack of vocabulary, mother tongue influence ,examination
system, lack of parents interest, economic and financial constraints, lack of proper language teaching environment
,poor classroom management and classroom activities, lack of assessment specially for oral and spoken skills, and
lack of professional training .The results of study recommend that to develop the competencies and benchmarks for
spoken skills under SNC demands modern A.V. aids and language teaching methods ,professional teachers, and an
examination system to assess the spoken and listening competencies and a proper language teaching environment.
Keywords: Speaking English Language, English Curriculum and Audio Visual Aids
Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on the Performance of Female Teachers of Rural Public Schools
1 2
Principal Government School Bahawalpur & M.Phil, Department of Educational Training, Islamia University of
Bahawalpur
Assistant Profes sor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
zia.un.nisa.bwp@gmail.com
Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is a term that is used to describe all the positive and constructive employee
actions and behaviors that are not the part of their formal job description. This study was conducted to examine the
effects of OCB on the performance of female teachers working in rural schools. Study was descriptive in nature. All
female teachers working in primary, elementary and secondary schools of tehsil Bahawalpur were the population of the
study. 390 teachers from government school situated in rural areas of tehsil Bahawalpur were selected as the sample
of the study. The Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (Niqab et al., 2019) and Teachers‘ Job Performance Scale
(Ali & Haider, 2017) were used to collect data in this study. Survey method was adopted to collect the data. Validity and
reliability of the questionnaire was made sure by the researcher. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to
analyze the collected data. For descriptive statistics frequency and percentage were computed and for inferential
statistics one-way ANOVA and simple linear regression was conducted. Analyzed results were interpreted and
conclusions were made based on these results. Main findings of the study shows that female teachers shout loudly in
the class and them also work honestly on their workplace. It was recommended that female scho ol teachers should
provide a training session on citizenship behavior.
Keywords: Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Performance, Female Teachers and Workplace
Amna Jabeen
amnajabeen823@gmail.com
School is the reflection of the larger society outside its walls, in which life can be learnt by living . In Pakistan and
around the world, school environment is an inherent and essential component of teaching and learning process. The
study was found out the level of the school climate at secondary school students of Bahawalpur. To discover and
analyses the influence of the school atmosphere on secondary school students' mental health in Bahawalpur. To
identify the elements that influence secondary school students' mental health Different solutions for enhancing the
school atmosphere in terms of mental health were proposed. The study was descriptive in nature. Questionnaire
method was considered appropriate for data collection. The required information was collected from the students of the
private and public schools of Bahawalpur. Apart from personal informa tion, the questionnaire contained 46 close-ended
items on a Five-Point Likert scale. After the construction of tool, it was then validated through pilot study. The
questionnaire was personally administered to 520 students of the private and public schools of Bahawalpur. For this
purpose, 10 private schools and 15 public schools were selected. The statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS)
software was used for statistical analysis. Results showed that the level of school climate was moderate and there w as
lack of collaboration between teachers and teachers, teachers and students, and students and students. There should
be a positive attitude of teacher with students so that can ask questions friendly. The resources of the school were not
up to the mark. The school principal should involve teachers in decision making. This study was limited to school
climate further study should conducted leadership style and school climate.
Keywords: School Climate, Mental Health and Essential Component of Teaching
Kousar Bibi
sobiahussain751@gmail.com
This paper explored the parents' and teachers' beliefs regarding the use of e-mails and online platforms for two-way
communication. The theoretical model was an adaptation of the Decomposed Theory of Planned Behavior tailored
specifically to address technological acceptance in parent-teacher interactions, which shows the most important beliefs
that support or constrain the use of digital media for family-school communication. The data were obtained from

interviews with 30 families and 35 teachers from 11 different schools in Bahawalpur. The findings revealed that parents
and teachers hold a set of beliefs about the use of digital media: beliefs about the medium (based on the
characteristics of e-mails and online platforms) and beliefs about the context (based on their perceptio ns of the setting
and of themselves), with the latter being the most important barriers to the use of digital media, particularly for
teachers. The findings also showed that parents and teachers display more positive stances on the use of digital media
in schools where the management team promotes the use of e -mails or online platforms for family-school
communication. A major implication of these findings is that management teams should take the first step to introducing
digital media to communicate with families. These findings are also important for researchers as they provide a
framework to guide further studies, and give an insight into a field in which the literature is scarce.
Keywords: Students Academic Performance, COVID-19, Practical Activities
Perception of Primary School teachers toward the Single National Curriculum (SNC)
Nusrat Perveen
Nusratperveen26@gm ail.com
Single National Curriculum is a revolutionary step taken by the Government of Pakistan to streamline the education
system. The teacher is the leading implementer of the curriculum at the school level. The purpose of the study is to
investigate teachers' perception of the single national curriculum, to indicate the positive and weak points of the single
national curriculum in the light of teacher views and to find out the problems for the teachers in instructing single
national curriculum. The study was descriptive, while a questionnaire was used to gather information from the teachers
of secondary schools of district Bahawalpur. A total of 305 respondents were selected as a sample through a simple
random sampling technique. Data were analyzed with the help of the statistical tool SPSS version 21. The study's
results showed that the change in the medium of instruction is a significant milestone in the implementation process.
Teachers' different schools believe that the current curriculum is insufficient to compete internationally compared to that
of Oxford and Cambridge. This study recommended that policymakers and stakeholders should know the current
status of the SNC implementation process and how they can make changes to improve it. The teachers wou ld teach
his mastered subjects under SNC techniques.
Keywords: Reasons, Students Face Problem Learning, Streamline
Sania Shafique
saniashafique17@gmail.com
Group Work strategy has become one of the important methods used recently in classrooms; therefore, the aim of this
study is to know the relations hip between high scores of students and learning by group work strategy. The purpose of
this study was to investigate the effect of group work on student performance, skills and behaviors. This study used
descriptive approach. The study was concluded that group works improves the learning, performance of students and
thereby improve their skills and behavior. Regarding these results, the study recommended some points such as it‘s
important to develop the content to accomplish the objective of this strategy and conduct training courses for teachers
so they can use and apply this strategy in an effective way.
Keywords: Group Study, Students Academic Achievement and Student Performance
Emotional Intelligence based Female Leadership in Higher Education Institutes of Pakistan
Dr. Irfan Bashir1, Dr. Rizwan Akram Rana 2
Program Advisor BS Education Department of Education, University Management Technology Lahore
Professor, Department of Science Education, Punjab University Lahore
seagraduate@gmail.com
The paper aims to explore the gender-based leadership styles of Heads of Departments and opinions of the faculty
about the leadership styles of their respective HoDs. Further it explores leadership style differences o f the public and
private sector universities of Pakistan. This exploratory descriptive research study uses stratified sampling technique. A
sample of 120 Heads of the Departments and 240 faculty members representing various faculties and departments
from five public and five private Sector universities of the Punjab are selected. The five -point Likert Scale
questionnaires based on Goleman‘s EI based Leadership styles, having content validity and Alpha reliability (0.86),
both for faculty and Heads of the Departments were used for data collection. Results of the study show certain
differences between opinions of the faculty, leadership styles of female Heads of the Departments based on sector and
gender of the HoDs. The study concludes that leadership courses and training for Heads of the Departments; strong
and free communication between HoDs and the faculty; and reflective practices by Heads of the Departments should
be a practice in Higher Education of Pakistan.
Keywords: Leadership, Emotional Intelligence, Higher Education Institutions

Online Teaching at Higher Education Level during COVID-19: Prospective Teachers‟ Views
1 1
Saeedullah , Dr. Samra Bashir
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education Lahore
saeedullah@ue.edu.pk
Pandemic of COVID 19 adversely affect the educational systems of allover the world. To maintain the social distance
online learning is introduced all over the world. This new drive of online learning is facing lo t of challenges in its
application. The major objective of the present study was to explore the views of prospective teachers of science during
COVID-19. Qualitative research approach was applied and semi structure interviews were conducted to know the
views of prospective teachers regarding their online learning experiences. Twenty students (10 male and 10 female) of
Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) program studying at Allama Iqbal Open University were conveniently selected to collect
the data. A semi-structured interview protocol was developed for data collection. Interviews were recorded and
transcribed for thematic analysis. After thematic analysis, themes were generated. Majority of the participants were of
the opinions that online teaching is insufficient to get mastery of teaching of science subjects. Moreover, they faced the
issues connectivity to learning management system portal during online classes. Provision of good internet services for
students during online teaching was recommended .
Keywords: Online Learning, Higher Education, Prospective Teachers and COVID -19
Samar Abbas 1, Misbah Akhtar2
M.Phil Scholar, Department of Education. The Islamia University of Bahawalp ur, Pakistan
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
ranasamartahir1472@gmail.com
The topic of this study was ―The attitude of Primary school teachers towards the teaching of the Nazra Quran in District
Pakpattan‖. The objective of the study were Examine the attitude of primary school teachers toward the Nazra Quran at
primary level, Analyze the educational policies regarding Quranic education at primary levels in Pakistan and
Investigate the problems of primary teachers during the teaching of Nazra Quran at the primary level. This study was
descriptive in nature. A quantitative method was used to collect the related data for this study. The required info rmation
was collected from the primary school teachers through a self-developed questionnaire. The questionnaire was on
Google Forms and shares the link to different AEOs and different teacher‘s what‘s up groups. For this purpose, data
was collected from 300 primary school teachers. The data collected were analyzed by using frequencies, mean,
standard deviation, and t test. The results of this study revealed that the majority of the teachers have a positive
attitude towards teaching of Nazra Quran because. Most teachers have taken the training of Nazra Quran. They
confidently impart Nazra Quran to students daily. The Nazra Quran ‘s teachings have already been experienced by
them. Course of Nazra Quran is according to the student‘s age and they can get good Qu ranic education in schools.
The student‘s response is positive in this regard. Parents‘ response is also positive that their children can get good
Quranic education in schools. School Heads take proper feedback about the teaching of the Nazra Quran. Higher
Authorities take proper feedback about the teaching of the Nazra Quran. The majority of the teachers have the opinion
that training of the Nazra Quran is necessary for all primary school teachers. There is less time to manage the teaching
of the Nazra Quran in one period. Parents do not take proper feedback from the teachers about the teaching of the
Nazra Quran of their children.
Keywords: Attitude, Nazra Quran, Primary School Teachers and Proper Feedback
A Study to Analyze the Problems of BS Level Students in Speaking English Language at University Level
1 2 3 4
Hafiza Hamna Anwar , Dr. Muhammad Javed , Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen , Arfa Radheed
BS ELT Department of Language Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Chairman Department of Language Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Lecturer, Department of Language Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
PhD scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
hamnaanwar189@gmail.com
The purpose of this study was to examine the difficulties that BS Level students at Islamia University of Bahawalpur
have speaking English. Due to the fact that all studies are now conducted in English, English is now a requirement for
all levels of Education. Utilizing English Additionally, language is important for higher profession. Objectives of the
study were: to identify the difficulties associated with speaking English as a Second Language at BS level in the Islamia
University of Bahawalpur, to highlights the variables influencing English language proficiency and to provide suggestion
to speak English more fluently. All students at The Islamia university of Bahawalpur made up the study‘s population
400 Student were chosen at random for this activity. Data was gathered via a questionnaire, and mean scores and
percentage were used for analysis. Data analysis was used to derive conclusion, and it was suggested that there might
be a compulsory subject of English language proficiency. There could be additional English language classes.
Teachers have the option of giving the lecture in English. Student may be encouraged to speak English by their
teachers. They could gain confidence in speaking English thanks to the teacher. English language teache rs may apply
a variety of techniques, including ways for enhancing English language speaking abilities. Both within and outside of
class, students are free to use English.
Keywords: Problems, Speaking English Language, Language Proficiency and English Lang uage Classes

Investigating Teachers‟ Professional Dispositions and their Corresponding School Climates: A Comparative
Analysis of Qualified and Non-Qualified Teachers
Hamid Ali Nadeem 1, Dr. Zafar Iqbal 2
Ph.D (Scholar), Lecturer Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad
Assistant Professor, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad
hamid.ali@aiou.edu.pk
Professionally qualified teachers are equipped with professional knowledge and skills. They are expected to exhibit
professional knowledge, skills and dispositions collectively present professional competence of teachers. This research
study was conducted to investigate the role of professional dispositions of teachers in developing school climate. The
data was collected from 540 teachers (303 professionally qualified and 237 professionally nonqualified) and their 990
students (566 +424) from public schools located in four districts of Punjab province. Two separate questionnaires on
Likert scale were developed to measure teachers‘ dispositions and their corre sponding school climates. The constructs
of questionnaire were aligned with National Professional Standards for Teachers in Pakistan and constructs of
questionnaire measuring school climate were aligned with four domains given by Wang and Degol (2016). The se
questionnaires were validated through calculating CVI and reliability of the tools were ensured greater than 0.7
Cronbach Alpha. Descriptive (Mean, SD) and inferential statistics (t-test, correlation) were used during data analysis.
The results revealed a significant difference in professional dispositions and their school climates of professionally
qualified and non-qualified teachers. Professionally qualified teachers exhibit better behavior in schools than non -
qualified teachers. However, diversity has been found in the dispositions and school climates of professionally qualified
teachers indicating varying effect of professional qualification. It is recommended that professional education may be
pre-requisite in teacher induction.
Keywords: Teachers Professional Dispositions, Corresponding School Climates, Qualified and Non-Qualified
Teachers
Kashmir Khan 1, Misbah Akhtar2
M.Phil Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (Bahawalnagar Campus)
misbah.akhtar@iub.edu.pk
The main objective of the study is to examine the attitude of secondary school students toward co-curricular activities.
A sample of 420 students‘ ages between 12-16 years from thirty different government secondary schools in the District
of Bahawalnagar, Punjab, Pakistan was selected for the study. Atti tudes toward co-curricular activities were measured
with the help of a questionnaire. Three dimensions of attitudes were measured for data collection namely Gender wise,
locality-wise, and study group-wise. SPSS was used for the analysis of data. For the analysis of data means, standard
deviation, and t-tests were applied. Overall results of the study showed that students in District Bahawalnagar, Punjab
show a favorable attitude towards co-curricular activities and like to participate in such activities to improve their health.
They are aware of the benefits related to participating in co -curricular activities. It was recommended that government
should emphasize more on co-curricular activities in schools.
Keywords: Co-Curricular, Attitude, Government School
Impact of Online Gaming on Students' Aggression and Performance at the University Level
1 1 2
Laiba But , Mubaraka Nadeem , Dr. Syeda Zubair Haidar
Research Scholars B.Ed (Hons) 4 Years, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of B ahawalpur,
Pakistan
laibabutt186@gmail.com
This study investigated the impact of online gaming on student‘ s aggression and academic performance at the Islamia
University of Bahawalpur. The researchers employed a descriptive research approach since the study findings would
analyze student‘s engagement in online gaming applications and its effect on their aggres sion level and academic
performance. The Game Addiction Scale (Lemmens et al., 2009) and Aggression Questionnaire (Buss & Perry, 1992)
were used as a Google Form to collect data in this study. The study participants were 215 research students
conveniently selected from different departments of the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. According to the survey, the
majority of the respondents were in the 20- 25year old age group. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to
the collected data. The study findings had revealed that online gaming had negative effects on the students‘
performance. Furthermore, online gaming has a positive association with students‘ aggression.
Keywords: Online Gaming, Students Aggression and Performance


1 2 3 1
Muhammad Ahmad , Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen , Dr. Muhammad Javed , Samina
BS Department of Language Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Lecturer Department of Language Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Associate Professor, Department of Language Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
muhammadahmad203203@gmail.com
The purpose of the study was to analysis of English writing skills of university students, for achieving good marks it is
essential for the students to write English with proper expression but some of the students face problems in writing
English with proper expression. Objectives of the study were 1) to analysis of English writing skills of university
students 2) to find out the factors creating problems for students‘ in writing skills. According to the nature of the study a
survey method was adopted to collect the data. Population of the research study was all enrol led students in session
2018-2019 at the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Only 500 students were taken as sample of the study to collect the
data regarding the writing skills of the students. Minority of respondents agreed that never they can notice probl em
while writing English. Majority of the respondents agreed that sometimes they enjoy writing English; they can write
every topic of the educational filed in English. Furthermore, students feel that they can write the answers properly in
exams and they can qualify their exams with good marks. Sometimes they take interest in writing and they feel writing
English is their passion. Sometimes teachers help the students in writing. They complete their paper on time, like to
write innovative ideas. The study recommended that teachers may emphasize on developing vocabulary, proper
grammatical structure, proper preposition, proper expression, proper conjunction, proper punctuation and proper
contents. Teachers make assign different activities those help to enhance the writing skill of the students.
Keywords: English Writing Capabilities, Writing Skills, Preposition, Proper Expression and Proper Conjunction
Parents Smaller Interest in Visiting Their Children‟s School: Identifying the Reasons and Analyzing Its Effect
Muhammad Adrees Chohan 1, Dr. Syed Zubair Haider 2, Uzma Munawar3
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
muhammadahmad203203@gmail.com
This study investigates the reasons of parents‘ smaller interest in visiting their children‘s schools. Numerous
researches have examined the reasons of parents‘ decreased interest in visiting their children schools and its effects
on student performance. Analysis was done on the association between many other variables and parental attitudes. It
employs quantitative design. Closed-ended questionnaire was used to obtain the data. Data was collected from the
schools of South Punjab (public and private) from teachers, parents and guardians. According to the findings, poor
parental education levels and instructors‘ unfavorable attitudes toward both the afflicted students and parents are
obstacles to greater parental involvement in the education of children with intellectual reasons and their parents,
financial limitations, a lack of support, stress or depression in the parents, a lack of knowledge and skills, the number of
siblings in the family, expectations that are aligned (between parents and teachers), and a lack of clear channels of
communication between parents and school staff. In this sense, empowering teachers to foster positive school -parent
relationships is essential to ensuring the development and application of plans for long-term parental engagement.
Keywords: Parents Smaller Interest, Reasons, Parental Engagement, Stress or Depression
Analysis of the Problems of Male Hostel Students in The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
1 2 1 1
Muhammad Waleed Ahmad , Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen , Rutab Sagheer , Maryam Maqsood
Lecturer, Department of Language Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
waleedahmad173142@gmail.com
The objectives of the study were 1.to analyze the problems of hosteled students of the Islamia University of
Bahawalpur. 2. to find out the factors creating problems for hosteled students of the Islamia University of Bahawalpur.
3. to compare the problems of students live in public and private hostels. 4. to give suggestions to minimize the
problems of hosteled students of the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. The population of the study was public and
private boys‘ hostels of Bahawalpur. Only 50 students were selected conveniently from a public and private hostel for
this study. Data were collected through questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 24. So, the study
concluded that the boys faced different problems in private and public hostels. Students of private hostels were
satisfied with all the facilities provided by the hostel but the major issue of drugs raised by the students of the private
hostels on the other hand students of public hostels faced different problems as compared to private hostels like they
were not satisfied with the behavior of wardens and the customary issues of internet, some hygiene problems and
some utensils and space problems. The results of the study sugge sted some betterment for hostel management to
improve the students‘ hotel life. Hostels warden should be lenient and understand the problems of the students.
Wardens should not compromise on the use of drugs. Hostel management should provide more spaces fo r the
students to live easily, because students don‘t have proper space for living.
Keywords: Problems, Hostel Students, Proper Space for Living

A Study to Analyze the Problems Faced by Hostilized Students

1 2 1
Rutab Sagheer , Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen , Muhammad Waleed Ahmad1, Maryam Maqsood
maryammaqss od316@gmail.com
University education is the most important level in educational perspective. Majority of the students get admissions
from rural areas and they have to live in hostels during their studies. Hostel life isn‘t that much easier. During hostel
stay student learn to live with different types of people who have their different perspective and behavior. So, this study
aimed to analyze the problems of hosteled students of the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. The obj ectives of the
study were (a) to analyze the problems of hosteled students of the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, (b) find out the
factors creating problems for hosteled students of the Islami a University of Bahawalpur, (c) to compare the problems of
students live in public and private hostels, (d) to give suggestions to minimize the problems of hosteled students of the
Islamia University of Bahawalpur. The population of the study was public and private girls‘ hostels of Bahawalpur. 50
students were selected conveniently from a public and private hostel for this study. Data were collected through
questionnaire and analyzed by using SPSS version 26. The questionnaire was based on 12 statements. So, the results
of the study described that student faced too many problems in public and priva te hostels but girls from public hostels
faced more problems as compared to the students of private hostels but the major issue of security raised by the
private girls‘ hostels on the other hand students of public hostels faced common problems like wardens ‘ behavior,
some internet issues, food problems and some utensils and space problems. The results of the study suggested some
betterment for hostel management to improve the students‘ hotel life. Hostels warden should behave well and
understand the problem s of the students. Private hostels management should solve the problem of security. Hostel
management should provide more spaces for the students to live easily, because students don‘t have proper space for
living.
Keywords: Problem, Space Problems, Security Issues and Staff Management
Investigating the Entrepreneurial Attitude of Students of Physical Education and Sports Sciences
Sidra Naz
Lecturer, Government Women College Dubai Mahal Road, Bahawalpur
sidra.naz.phe@gmail.com
Entrepreneurship is a process of vision, change, and creation requiring an application of energy and passion toward
the creation and implementation of innovative ideas and creative solutions. This study attempts to investigate th e
Women College students‘ point of view about entrepreneurship education. Main objectives of this endeavor was (a) to
trace out the social valuation of entrepreneurship education; (b) to explore the interest of women college students
about choosing of entrepreneurship as profession and (c) to investigate the intention, self-efficacy, self-reliance, and
locus of control of entrepreneurship among women college students. The problem was explore using quantitative
approach while survey method was used to gather information from 360 women college students (180=Public Sector
and 180=Private Sector) using randomly sampling technique. Questionnaire based on 7 point likert scale were used to
collect data from the women college students. Students were asked to give th eir opinion about choice of profession,
social values, entrepreneurial intention, and interest of entrepreneurship, locus of control, self -efficacy, self-reliance,
professional charm, and entrepreneurial capacity analyzed. Study concluded that majority of students have found
satisfied in their intentions, self-efficacy, self-resilience and locus of control of entrepreneurship among college
students.
Keywords: Intention, Self-Efficacy, Self-Reliance, Locus of Control and Entrepreneurship
A Study on In-Service Professional Training of Mathematics Teachers at Secondary Level
Syeda Farha Shafaq Zaidi 1, Prof. Dr. Irshad Hussain 2, Qurat Ul Ain Shams 1
PhD Scholars, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Dean, Faculty of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpu r
farahzaidi.iub1@gmail.com
The quality of education system is attached to the professional training of teachers who plays a significant role in a
successful education system as he is considered the most sig nificant change agent. For the sake of the profession, for
the teachers being helped, for millions of students who will learn more as a result, high quality and appropriate
procedure of continuous professional training of teachers must be happened. Keeping in view the objectives of this
study were as: to explain the role of professional training of Mathematics teachers and to identify the teaching methods
of mathematics teachers at secondary level. The nature of this study was descriptive and qualitative type. It was
delimited to Bahawalpur City only. Population of this study was consisted of the following categories (Head Teachers
and Mathematics Teachers of Secondary Level). Total sample size was consisted of 69 respondents (23 Head
Teachers and 46 SSTs of Mathematics). Questionnaires were used as research instrument for collection of data.
Collected data were analyzed and interpreted by using percentage as statistical tool. Trainings must be systematically
planned and research based to make this process effective. The main recommendations of the study are that teachers‘
professional training may be compulsory for their profession. Mathematics teachers‘ may be really interest in

professional training. Pedagogical practices may be important for improvement of students‘ learning. In- service
teacher training may be organized once year. Head teachers should invite educational experts for model lectures to
encourage Mathematics teachers to follow new pedagogies in secondary schools.
Keywords: Professional Training, Mathematics Teachers and Teaching Method
Benish Hafeez
M.Phil Scholar Department of Educational, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
janatjabr@gmail.com
One of the most important uses of learning styles is that it makes it easy for teachers and parents to incorporate them
into their teaching. There are different learning styles. Three of the most popular in kindergartens g rades (KG 1); ones
are visual, auditory, and kinesthetic in which students take in information. Some students are visual learners, while
others are auditory or kinesthetic learners. While students use all of their senses to take in information, they seem t o
have preferences in how they learn best. In order to help students learning, teachers and parents need to teach as
many of these preferences as possible. This study was meant to investigate the learning styles for Society, (465)
parents, and (74) female teachers completed (LSI) to determine if their children / students preferred learning styles
auditory, visual or kinesthetic. The finding showed that the children preferred auditory learning style by the viewpoint of
their parents. Therefore, the teachers stated that visual learning style is preferred in kindergartens grades (KG 1)
students. The purpose of this study is to increase awareness and understanding of the effect of parents‘ opinion on
learning styles. A review of the literature determined how lea rning styles affect the teaching process.
Keywords: Different Learning Styles, Teaching Process and Visual Learning Style
Kabir Ahmad
sobiahussain751@gmail.com
Monitoring and accountability has been a constant drive to realize the aim of quality education in Pakistan. Both public
and private sectors are contributing towards achieving the goals determined by the government. In education system
evaluation and appraisal of teachers and head teachers is conducted through any mechanism or method to measure
not only the learning outcomes of students but als o the job performance of teachers and head teachers. Current study
makes comparison of accountability impacts on teachers of public and private secondary schools. The survey was
designed to evaluate the accountability approach for performance appraisal of teachers and Head teachers. The study
showed that evaluation of performance of teachers‘ mechanism is different in public and private sectors. However,
effects of accountability on teachers of public schools were more significant in terms of pressure, fear anxiety and job
satisfaction.
Keywords: Accountability, Performance and Approach
Analysis of Quality Assurance Issues of Affiliated Higher Education Institutions of Pakistan
awbabar786@gmail.com
Higher education plays a vital role in developing the knowledge economy and producing skilled workers to empower
human resources for the country. Like many other developing countries, Pakistan is struggling hard to improve the
quality of higher education for sustainable development and participation in global progress. Since the last decade,
Higher Education Commission Pakistan is committed to upgrading the quality of education, and for this purpose, HEC
has designed Minimum Quality Standards (MQS) to assure quality for affiliated institutions. The main objective of the
study was to evaluate R&D practices in affiliated institutions of Pakistan. The study was descriptive in nature, and a
questionnaire based on Minimum Quality Standards was used to collect data from faculty members (n-168) of 28
affiliated institutions by using multistage sampling. The results indicated that affiliated colleges of two provinces, Punjab
and KP were better in research and development practices than the institutions of Sindh and Baluchist.an
Keywords: Quality, Standards, Affiliated colleges, Research and Development
Muhammad Amir
Ph.D Scholar, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
m.amir778956@gmail.com
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the arrangements made regarding risk management in higher education
institutions. Higher education institutions face various issues and challenges every day, such as natural disasters, rain,
floods, earthquakes, cold and heat, traffic problems in rainy days, sexual harassment problems in institutions, fights,

prejudice, financial problems, Political and social issues, educational issues of children were included. To achieve this
goal, 200 participants were selected from 50 higher education institutions of Punjab, their opinions on these matters
were known, then the results were obtained by applying various state tests to the obtained data. The results were not
satisfactory, in some institutions there was no formal risk management cell, only a risk management committee, which
was slow and lazy, did not do any work on merit and political pressure seemed to prevail over the committee. It is
recommended that a formal risk management cell be established in higher education institutions to address all these
issues by taking independent decisions without any pressure.
Keywords: Risk Management, Pressure and Higher Education Institutions
Female University Students‟ Learning Experiences during Covid-19 Pandemic in Bahawalpur
Anum Yaseen
M.Phil, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University BWP
anam167m@gmail.com
The present study was to trace out female university students‘ learning experiences during Covid -19 Pandemic. The
objectives of the study were to find out female university students‘ learning experiences during the COVID -19
Pandemic. To achieve the purpose of the study, a questionnaire for university students was developed by the
researchers. The nature of current study was descriptive and survey technique was adopted for collecting the data. The
population of current study was all the female students of Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur
and Islamia University of Bahawalpur. A sample was selected through simple random sampling technique. The sample
selected from Government Sadiq College Women University Bahaw alpur was 245 and the sample selected from
Islamia University of Bahawalpur was 200. Total sample size was 445 university female students. The questionnaire
was translated into Urdu language for convenience of students and validated by seven field experts. Cronbach alpha
was calculated to assess the reliability of the questionnaire. The value of Cronbach alpha was 0.858 which showed
high reliability of the questionnaire. The researchers personally visited the sampled departments and asked students to
fill the questionnaires. The findings of the present study showed that the physical learning sessions were valuable than
online learning sessions, during online classes, teachers used technology that was reliable for students, they easily
distracted from the lectures during online classes. These findings provided a guideline for future research to explore,
and improve, online learning. This paper evaluates the experiences of the female students of higher learning
institutions in Pakistan with the implementation of online learning during this pandemic.
Keywords: Students Learning Experience, COVID-19, Technology and Implementation
Opinion of Learners on Blended Learning and Implementation Process at Higher Education Institutions during
Covid-19
Ahmad Nawaz1, Dr. Muhammad Shakir2
janatjabr@gmail.com
The purpose of this study was to determine the views of learners on the process of blended learning and
implementation in higher education institutions during COVID -19. The main objectives of the study were (a) to study the
mixed training system procedure in Punjab; (b) identify factors influencing blended learning in Punjab; (c) to determine
the effectiveness of the use of the mixed curriculum for university students; and to analyze the effectiveness of blended
learning and the application process in Punjab. The population of this study consisted of all male and female students
from public and private universities of Punjabi a sample of 215 students was selected using a convenience sampling
technique. The questionnaire was used as a tool. The researcher adopted a scale on what students learned about the
blended learning and application process, which proved to be reliable and dependable. In light of the findings of the
study, there were students mixed views on blended learning. Stude nts‘ value blended learning for the convenience of
students accessing useful online materials anywhere and anytime. Blended learning provides a more interactive
learning experience. In general, the majority of students were not satisfied with the mixed tra ining. On the base of the
finds and conclusions of the study, it was recommended that university may organize trainings for university teachers to
get more aware with the blended learning system in Punjab. University should organize training sessions how t o get
involve teachers more and more in blended learning system. Further, Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan
should develop training module for coping the pandemic like COVID -19 in Pakistan and separate blended learning
module might be develop to improve the teaching and learning process at higher level.
Keywords: Blended Learning, Implementation Process, Higher Education Institutions, COVID -19

The Impact of Stakeholders on Primary and Elementary Schools for Improving Students‟ Performance: The
Case of District Bahawalpur
Areeba Sanam
xrebasanam@gmail.com
School is not in isolation and correlated with community and other stakeholders like government, non-government,
teachers and people lived in surrounding areas which are more linked and associated with school. Major objectives of
the study were (a) to understand the role of stakeholders in education; (b) to assess the imp act of stakeholders on
school environment; (c) to investigate the role of stakeholders in improving education at primary level (d) to examine
the role of stakeholders in school management process and (e) to recommend certain measures to improve the role of
community in improving quality of education. This study thoroughly analyzing ―The Impact of Stakeholders on Primary
Schools for Improving Students‘ Performance: The Case of District Bahawalpur‖. A questionnaire was developed to
evaluate the role of the stakeholders in improving school education at primary level in rural areas in Pakistan. After
collected data, sheet on SSPS were prepared followed by feeding the data in the sheets of stakeholders. On the base
of results of the study, it is concluded that outcomes of the study were to contribute to the small body of literature on
stakeholders‘ participation in development of primary school education and to explore the value of stakeholders‘
participation in education for enhancing children‗s learning. It is hoped that the results of the study may inform policy
makers, education personnel to draw their attentions to the participation of the local people in education. It may also
draw attentions to the most appropriate forms of participation in that context. Par ents were likely to have more
involvement in their children‘s learning if they were aware of how to provide support. It should also recommend focus
on methods of mobilizing local people to be more involved in children‗s learning processes. It also recommended
mobilizing stakeholders to get involved and invest in education. The study also recommend the schools and School
Council worked together to collect stakeholders‘ resources to complement government budget for school development.
Keywords: Stakeholders, Students Performance, Learning Process and School Development
Kashaf Rubab
malikahmadnawazhissam@gmail.com
The study was investigated to analyze the impact of covid -19 on students‘ academic performance. To find out the
challenge students Face during covid-19 pandemic. To examine the opportunities that has been provided to students
during covid-19 pandemic. To analyze technical skill of students needed for online education. To determine the impact
of covid-19 on students learning at Government Sadiq Collage Women University. To identify the chall enge and
opportunities for institution due to covid-19 at GSCWU. The study is descriptive by nature. Survey method was used to
collect data for study. The required information was collected from the students of Government Sadiq college woman
university Bahawalpur. Simple random sampling technique was use to select the sample. The sample size was 550
university students to achieve the purpose of the study. A questionnaire for the university students was developed by
researcher. The data was collected from the students belong to BS and Master at university level. The researcher
personally visited the sampled departments and asks students fill the questionnaire. After data collection the data was
analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software (version 20) frequencies, percentages, mean
and standard deviation had been carried out the analyzed collected data. The results showed positions holder‘s
students are lazy just because they know they can pass without competition between students. No practical activities
performed by the students so the learning can stand for long period of time.
Keywords: COVID-19, Students Academic Performance, Competition and Activities
Kousar Bibi
hadiafatima615@gmail.com
The use of digital media for parent-teacher communication is increasing. However, many parents and teache rs are still
reluctant to use such media to enhance two-way pedagogical communication between parents and teachers. This
paper explores the parents' and teachers' beliefs regarding the use of e -mails and online platforms for two-way
communication. We first developed a theoretical model as an adaptation of the Decomposed Theory of Planned
Behavior tailored specifically to address technological acceptance in parent-teacher interactions, which shows the most
important beliefs that support or constrain the use of digital media for family-school communication. Then we compared
the participants' views (parents and/or teachers from ICT schools and non -ICT schools) on using e-mails and online
platforms in order to provide a more context-based understanding of the beliefs influencing the use of digital media for
parent-teacher pedagogical communication. The data were obtained from interviews with 30 families and 35 teachers
from 11 different schools in Bahawalpur. The findings revealed that parents and teachers hold a set of beliefs about the
use of digital media: beliefs about the medium (based on the characteristics of e -mails and online platforms) and beliefs
about the context (based on their perceptions of the setting and of themselves), with the latter being the m ost important

barriers to the use of digital media, particularly for teachers. The findings also showed that parents and teachers
display more positive stances on the use of digital media in schools where the management team promotes the use of
e-mails or online platforms for family-school communication. A major implication of these findings is that management
teams should take the first step to introducing digital media to communicate with families.
Keywords: Digital Media, Teacher Parents Communication, Management Team and Online Platforms
Assessing the Current Status of Social and Civic Responsibility of the Students at Elementary Level
Muhammad Majid Hameed 1, Dr. Muhammad Shakir2
Research Scholar, Departm ent of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
majidhameed5764@gmail.com
For the nation building promotion of citizenship is very most important in Pakistan. Civic sense is an ethical issue in our
education system. It‘s the responsibility of government to make strong and fresh policies for the students‘ social
development to make healthy and nourish environment. It‘s important for studen ts for better lives their social sense
must be engaged with their devotions from universal education. Elementary education is a bridge between primary
education and secondary education. It makes the students ready to understand the rapid changes taking pla ce in the
society and in the world. Thus, the role of elementary education is to meet the needs of the society as well as of the
individual. There is a need to reach out this important population group, the future builders of Pakistan. The objectives
of the sturdy were: to study the current status of social and civic education of students at elementary level, identify the
factors effecting the social civic sense and citizenship education, analyze the effect of social values on behavior of the
school going children, compare male and female civic capability, identify the involvement of parents in civic education
activities in schools and analyze the status of civic education material. The descriptive research method was used for
the data collection from the students. The population of the study was all the Government, private, PEF, elementary
school students including boys and girls situated in rural and urban areas in tehsil Ahmadpur East District Bahawalpur.
A self-made test was taken on the basis of probability sampling (random sampling) sample was taken in district
Bahawalpur which is divided into five tehsils. Total (350) students were selected (262) male and (88) female were as
sample of the study. The problem was to assess the current status of social and civic responsibility of students.
Quantitative program was analyzed by the test. The respondents feel free to describe the about their feeling and
opinion which are currently applying in their school. The researcher himself visited the schools for collect data there.
The researcher himself was further more there to guide the respondents. On the bases of the analysis of data it is
found that (80.0%) respondents know about the classroom norms. While only (18.0%) respondents do know about
class norms about fellows. The analysis revealed that (92.3%) respondents know about society rules. Only (7.7%)
students do not know about social ethics. District government should play an important role for promoting social and
civic sense among students at elementary level.
Keywords: Social and Civic Responsibility, Civic Sense, Ethical and Social Issues
Analysis of Teachers‟ Perception about the Quality of Education in Affiliated Colleges of Bahawalpur
Mariam Jabeen 1, Fatima tul Zohra 2
Ph.D Scholars, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Mariumjabeen5@gmail.com
The major purpose of this research was to analysis of the quality of education perceived by teachers at college level.
The main objectives of the study were (a) Following is the objectives of the study were (a) to understand the current
quality initiatives for college education in Punjab, (b) to explore the quality standards already available and applied in
Pakistan, (c) to examine the problem and issues related to the quality of education at college level (d) to analyze the
current situation of the quality of college education based on the Minimum Quality Standards and (e) to recommend
certain measures to improve the quality of college education. This study was designed to compare the fulfillment of the
ten standards designed by HEC for Affiliated Colleges. All the teachers of affiliated colleges of Bahawalpur City were
the population of government and private Colleges of Bahawalp ur district constituted the population of study. 284
teachers of the different institutions were the sample of the study by using random sampling methods. Questionnaire
was used as research instrument for getting relevant information from teachers and stud ents. The questionnaire for
teachers contained the quality standards (1) Vision, Mission & Goal, (2) Academic Programs and Evaluation (3)
Student Admission and Progression (4) Academic Faculty and Administrative Staff (5) Physical Infrastructure,
Academic Facilities and Learning Resources (6) Organizational Governance and Management (7) Learning
Environment (8) Anagogical Practices/Professional Development of Faculty (9) Information Communication
Technologies and (10) Research & Development. The researcher personally visited each sample college for
administering both questionnaires for teacher. Questionnaires were distributed by hand to all the affiliated colleges.
Most of the colleges from public and private sector returned the questionnaire after filling a t first visit while remaining
colleges from public sector and private sector returned the questionnaire after filling at second. The responses obtained
through the above-mentioned questionnaire were score before statistical analysis. Frequency and percenta ge were
used to draw the results. It may be concluded that teacher have less or no idea of the vision mission and goals of the
college and those knowing a little about VMG think that these are not aligned with the national education policy. It may
be concluded that teachers have less idea about academic program and evaluation and generally they are less

satisfied with the current academic program and evaluation. It may be concluded that teacher have facilities but not in
proper use. Teachers have not strategy to increase student progression and admission. Teacher not encourage
student to work in systematic way. It may be concluded that teachers have academic facility and administrative staff but
not work properly. It may be concluded that teachers are not sa tisfied college facilities. Few teachers favor there is
every facility in college. It may be concluded that teacher have less or no idea of the Organizational Governance and
Management. It may be concluded that teacher have less or no idea of the learning environment. It may be concluded
that teacher have less or no idea about anagogical practices and professional development of faculty. It may be
concluded that teacher have no idea about Information Communication Technology. It may be concluded that colleg e
management have no interest to improve research and development.
Keywords: Teachers Perception, Physical Infrastructure, Learning Environment and Professional Development
Level of Primary School Teachers‟ Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation and Performance of Teachers
Umar Farooq Shah
shah786.ape@gmail.com
This mixed study examined the existing level of primary school teachers‘ perceived intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
and their performance assessed through respective head-teachers. Data was collected through adapted teachers‘ and
head-teacher‘s questionnaires having both Likert-scale items and open-ended questions. Teachers‘ questionnaire
involved 28 (11=intrinsic motivation, 14 =extrinsic motivation) and three open ended questions within the same
questionnaire used for obtaining qualitative data. Overall internal consistency of the tool was measured through
Cronbach‘s alpha which stood good (.82). The multi-stage random sampling involved 348 teacher-respondents and 40
head-teachers of District Bahawalpur, Punjab. Data was analyzed through SPSS package 20, for descriptive statistical
analyses at 0.05 confidence-intervals. Descriptive statistics revealed that teachers ranked their intrinsic motivation
better (mean ranged1.62 to 2.18 for 11items) against extrinsic motivation (mean ranged from 2.50 to 3.97 for 14 items).
Teachers‘ 3 performance items did not catch supporting evidence i.e. means ranged from 1.93 to 3.97 (with 2.82 mean
of means) which is disappointing one.
Keywords: Performance, Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation and Disappointing
Associate Degree Program in Higher Education Institutions: Problems and Prospective
Muhammad Shahid 1, Dr. Muhammad Shakir2
hahid94297@gmail.com
This Research based on a study that was conducted to unveil Undergraduate Education Policy. The Objectives of the
study were: to analyze the importance of Undergraduate Education policy. To explore the challenges and Prospects
faced by Undergraduate education policy and also the worth of ADP program in Pakistan. Main objective of this study
was to predict future aspect of ADP program and challenges faced by different institute who are offering this degree.
Being qualitative interview method was adopted to find out the results. Sampling is an essential part of all significance
procedure. Simple random sampling technique was used in this study to choose the respondents. An interview consists
of 26 questions were designed to collect the data. 60 interviews had been taken from the teachers of different private
and government Undergraduate institutes of Bahawalpur and its surroundings. After getting data from respondents‘
researcher arranged it and analyzed using NVIVO software. Respo nse with higher frequency reveals that
undergraduate education policy playing a vital role in promoting higher education in students of Pakistan. Some
challenges e.g. financial aid, lack of curriculum and unavailability of proper environment have been face d by ADP
program. ADP program has promising future because it contains innovative ideas and experiences. The main
conclusion was: HEC must promote undergraduate degree like ADP so that Pakistan should grow economically.
Keywords: Higher Education Institution, Challenges, Satisfaction
Muhammad Shoaib
muhammadshoaib@gmail.com
The research study was aimed to determine the analysis of teaching methodologies used by teachers at secondary
school level. The key purpose of this study was to investigate the analysis of teaching methodologies used by teache rs
at secondary school level and to explore the advantages and disadvantages of various methods. This mixed method
used for this study. To analysis quantitative data SPSS were used. Descriptive type of research was used to attain
these objectives and survey method was the procedure to conduct this study. All the students at secondary level in
district Bahawalpur were the population of this study. In this respect, one hundred teachers teaching in Govt. institution
were selected conveniently as the sample of this study. A questionnaire for students with 27 items was developed as a
tool for data collection. After data collection, SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. On the basis of results,
teachers explained new terms, concepts, principles and aske d questions periodically to let students participate in

session. Teachers used ultimate explanation when necessary; teacher established and maintained eye contact with the
class. On the basis of conclusions, the recommendations were given as the audio -visual aids should be used more
frequently by the teachers to make their teaching effective. Education department should organize relevant in -service
training programs for all teachers in secondary schools. The teachers should be trained to implement innovative
methods and techniques in the classrooms and they should be funded and facilitated to conduct action research for
improving teaching learning process in different subjects.
Keywords: Teaching Methodologies, Teachers at Secondary School and Innovative Method
A Comparative Study of Perceptions and Practice of Moral Islamic Values among Male and Female University
Students
Nabila Rafiq 1, Muzammila Akram 2, Syeda Fatima Niaz3
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University o f Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
Associate Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan.
Ph. D Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
fatimabukhari701@yahoo.com
The major goal of a Muslim is to have a great moral standard. It is believed that a person who does not has any value
system has no stability and permanence in matters. Islamic values and beliefs play an important role in shaping the
students‘ personality and assisting them to lead a successful life. Therefore, Students‘; perceptions have been proved
as an important factor that has a great effect on the implementation of Islamic moral values in their dail y life. The
present study inquiried about the perceptions and practice of moral Islamic values among male and female university
students. This study adopted a quantitative research design. A questionnaire on a five - point Likert scale was
developed. The respondents of the study were university students. Six-hundred and twelve (612) students were
approached via a simple random sampling technique. The major findings of the study illuminated that there was a
significant difference between male and female university students‘; perceptions and practice of Islamic values. It was
observed that female students posed positive attitudes and were practicing moral Islamic values in their daily life more
than male students.
Keywords: Practices, Moral Islamic, Positive Attitude and Female Students
Quality Assurance Initiatives are taken by Higher Education Commission to Implement ADP: Opportunities and
Challenges
Sabir Hussain 1, Muhammad Shakir2, Masood Ahmad 3
Associate Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
sabirjanmarri@gmail.com
Associate Degree Program is a kind of undergraduate programme that lasts for two years and is completed in the year
th
immediately following completion of the 12th grade. After earning an ADP 14 year education completed, students can
get a job in banks, organizations, PMS, and CSS (competitive exam) require the 14 th year of education, and ADP is
best for this. The research aimed to explore quality assurance initiatives taken by higher education commissions and
the quality standards followed by affiliated colleges to implement ADP. The study also focuses on challenges to the
proper implementation of ADP. For data collection researcher selected 108 facility members randomly from south
Punjab institutions concerning ADP; data were collected through a Likert scale and interviews. There found that
institutions of Multan followed maximum quality standards, which is essential to implement ADP. Students found
uncertain situations for further education after ADP. In the 5 th semester of BS-4 years, seats should be allocated for
ADP because there were no seats. Teacher training should be conducted to meet new challenges and how to
implement ADP properly. ADP should be an annual system instead of a semester o ne.
Keywords: Quality Assurance Initiatives taken by Higher Education Commission to Implement ADP, Opportunities and
Challenges to ADP
Comparison of Factors of Students Personality Development through Formal and Non-Formal Education
Sana Khalid
ssanakhatim@gmail.com
Throughout its existence, every person is concurrently or sequentially under the impact of multiple educational
influences that contribute to their formation. These influences, purposeful educational, triggers and produce changes in
the internal structure of the human personality, whether having an intentional, systematic, organized character, or
acting spontaneously, accidentally. Given the different degree of intentionality of education influences and the
existence of different learning situations. The recent economic crisis in Pakistan has reshaped the way education is
perceived. Admittedly, education has been considered as one of the pillars that can push Pakistan towards economic

stability. Consequently, in recent years we have witnessed growing investments in education. The much -needed
money flows have made an impact; however the situation is less than ideal as many ur gent problems have been
overlooked and continue to prevail. Pakistan is facing the problem of the economization of education, not providing
students with the skills of the 21"century, cannot developed their personalities and the reduced quality of teaching . It is
our argument that three factors which will have a positive impact include using new technologies in education, teaching
digital competencies, and finally highlighting learning styles preferences to engage all students in learning as well as
developing their personalities. It is the aim of this work to provide evidence that incorporating the three
recommendations will result in improved education outcomes in Pakistan.
Keywords: Students Personality Development, New technology, digital competencies, learning styles, formal
education, Non-formal education.
Develop Competency-Based Learning Choices in Undergraduate Students at District Bahawalpur
Safura Fatima
PhD Scholars, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
safurafatima.edu@gmail.com
Aim of the study was to develop the competence -based learning choices of undergraduate students. The key
objectives of the study were (a) to examine the Impact of competence - based learning choices (knowledge, skills,
professional behavior, interpersonal attributes) on academic achievement, (b) to find out the factors that influence on
the competency- based learning choices of undergraduate students (c) to prepare students to apply the ac quired
knowledge and skills to life‘s challenges. Nature of the study was descriptive, and the survey was used to explore the
reasons from the students about their competency- based learning choices. Total 240 BS Students from Higher
Education Institutions of District Bahawalpur were selected randomly. The questionnaire was the main source of
collecting information from undergraduate students. Results of the study identified that majority of the undergraduate
students face difficulty in choosing the right competency- based learning course while less than half of the students
were satisfied with their learning choices.
Keywords: Competency-Based Learning Choices, Interest, Academic Achievement, Economic Status
Role of Legal Education in Sustainable Developm ent of Pakistan: Challenges and Prospects
Junaid Jan1, Adnan Aziz 1
Lecturer, Department of Law, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Junaid.jan@iub.edu.pk
The study aims to highlight the status of legal education in Pakistan which appears to be takings its last sighs. The
Universities providing legal education pay less attention to the professional development of upcoming lawyers and
professional bodies are also lacking their oversight. The Legal Sector of Pakista n plays a vibrant role in the rule of law
and in fostering democratic norms but the health of legal education is also deteriorating because of outdated curriculum
and teaching methodologies, and a lack of effective evaluation systems and problem -solving approaches. Moreover,
due to a lack of quality legal research and advanced teaching methodologies, the standard of legal education has not
been improved for decades. The study employs descriptive analytical methodology to analyze the causes of the
deterioration of legal education in Pakistan. Legal Education is one of those fields that is underfunded and ignored
persistently, while the private institutions offering external laws have prioritized profit above quality. As a result, the
impacts of poor legal education are visible on the social and political picture of the country with depleting democratic
norms, rule of law, and prevalence of ―Wukla gardi‖. Thus, society never valued scholars and legal academics. So, it is
the right time to critically analyze this situation and revamp the legal education system in Pakistan by harmonizing it
with international standards and practices. This study is an effort to depict the current status of Legal Education in
Pakistan and the challenges it faces as a result of the a bove-mentioned reasons. It also highlights the reforms and
prospects that can be implemented in our system to reinforce the roots of the system.
Keywords: Legal Education, Judicial System, Challenges, Reforms
An Investigation into Perceptions of Male Teachers about Measures Promoting Harmony through Education
Dr. Mehlah Jabeen
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Leadership and Management, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
mehlah.jabeen@iub.edu.pk
The study was designed to investigate into the perceptions of male teachers about measures promoting harmony
through education in boys‘ secondary schools of Northern Punjab. Peace and harmony are generally used
interchangeably. The central idea of the harmony is to avoid conflicts and quarrels (Tu, 2008). A harmonious condition
requires that several things are connected to each other, but each is placed in its own right position. Each has its place
and be satisfied with it (Feng, 1996). The research design of the study was quantitative and type of research was
descriptive. The population of the study was all the male teachers in boys‘ secondary schools of Northern Punjab and
sample of the study was three hundred and twenty (320) male teachers of four d istricts Sargodha, Jehlum, Mandi
Bahauddin and Gujrat for the academic year 2015-2016. Multistage random sampling technique was used for sample

selection. The data were collected by administering questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed on the basis of
affective domain of the ‗Schema of Peace Education‘ presented by (Castro & Galace, 2010) which includes
values/attitude necessary to promote peace and harmony. Three hundred and nine (309) teachers returned the filled
questionnaires. The mean, standard deviation, percentages and t-test were used to analyse the perceptions of
teachers under different areas. It is found that the overall, majority (85.96%) of the respondents have reported their
positive attitude. It was clear from the data that teachers from both areas authenticated that they practice cooperation
with other people. In the light of the study it suggested that the government education department Punjab may revisit its
educational strategy to incorporate and integrate a planned and organized component of harmony and peace
education at the school level.
Keywords: Promoting Harmony, Education, Secondary Schools, Schema of Peace Education
A Study of Underlying Philosophy (Professionalism) about Job related Matters at Higher Secondary Level in
South Punjab
Scholar Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
University Model School, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
rabiamushtak000@gmail.com
A study was organized on the topic of a study of underlying philosophy (professionalism) about job related matters at
higher secondary level in south Punjab. The objectives of the study were to find the current s ituation professionalism
approaches according to the philosophy of teaching and identify the factors which affect the, approaches of
professionalism and its philosophy. The population of this study was; all government and public schools of district
Bahawalpur of Punjab. The sample of the study was selected randomly from three tehsils of district Bahawalpur. 300
teachers were selected randomly from each tehsil further distributed as; 150male &150 female teachers from public
and government schools. After collection of data, the collected data was coded and fed in one data sheet to analyze
the results of the study by using statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 22. The result of the study
showed that most teachers are satisfied with their job, while most teachers are not satisfied with the working conditions
of their institution. Most females‘ teachers are used variety of teaching activities during class while most male teachers
are used A. V. Aids during teaching process. It was suggested that educational management should provide secure
future and proper training during job.
Keywords: Job, Underlying, Professionalism, Higher Secondary Level
Leadership Performance in Developing School Climate to Improve Quality of School
Humaira Ghaffar1, Qurat Ul Ain 2, Waqas Mahmood 3
PhD Scholars, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Asst. Prof, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
humairaghaffar9@gmail.com
The goal of this study was to examine the impact of leadership performance on school climate and quality. On 162
instructors in Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan, this study emplo yed a quantitative technique analysis with SPSS 24. The
study's findings revealed that school climate buffered the impact of leadership performance on school quality. The
impact of leadership performance on school quality was investigated both directly and indirectly. Leadership
performance and school environment both explained 89.2% of the variance in high and low school quality, with the
remaining 10.8% impacted by characteristics not investigated in this study. It may be inferred that school quality
improvement is based on leadership performance and is geared at creating a positive school climate.
Keywords: Leadership Performance, School Climate, School Performance, Quality School
Naseer Ahmad
naseer9516@gmail.com
The aim of this research is to evaluate ―Wellbeing of Peer Learning in Semester System ‖. First of all, we identify the
objective of the study. The focus of study was finding the benefits of peer learning in the semester system. This means
we have to find is peer learning improving the grades, communication skills and abilities of students? The aim of study
was also finding the impact of peer learning among the stud ents. We develop the questionnaire to collect the data from
the students. The sample of the study was consisting of 200 participants belong from S.E College Bahawalpur of 5
different Subjects. The questionnaire was randomly administered to students from va rious semesters. The collected
data of questionnaire based survey were analyzed on SPSS software by using frequencies, percentage and mean
score. This study shows that peer learning is helping students to understand their subjects. Peer learning is improvi ng
the grades and communication skills of the students. Students help each other in their studies and students learn from
each other through peer learning.
Keywords: Well Being, Peer Learning and Semester System


1 2 3
Muhammad Noman Fayyaz , Dr. Syeda Sidra Nosheen , Mubashra Razzaq
BS ELT, Department of Language Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
alisher1317@gmail.com
Education is in underdevelopment process in rural areas of Pakistan. Although there are many changes has been
made from past many years. But still education system in rural area is not equal to urban education system. Objectives
of the study were 1) to analyze the dropout of the students of rural areas. 2) to highlight the factors becoming cause of
dropout. 3) to give the suggestions to minimize the dropout of students belong to rural areas. The population of this
was people belong to tehsil Yazman Bahawalpur. Sample of the particular research study consisted of 25 students and
25 parents (15 those left and 10 those are currently enrolled in schools) of studen ts tehsil Yazman Bahawalpur. The
study was qualitative in nature data was collected by using semi -structured interviews. 85% of the students who belong
to rural areas facing problem of lack of behavior, confidence and lack knowledge as well compare to lear ners of urban
areas. In answer of some particular questions students revealed that they sometimes can‘t even speak their national
language confidently when professor ask them to speak on stage. 70% of parents revealed that they are facing the
problem of economy. Because rural areas are totally dependent upon farming but their children are studying so they
have to work alone. Farming needs more than one person to grow well. That‘s why mostly parents heir labor which
takes 10-18% of their 6 month income. 30% parents are facing problem of pic and drop for their daughter as well. 15
students who left ‗‗Education‘‘ 90% Students excuses as their knowledge and confidence is not equal to a student who
is studying in urban institution that‘s why they can‘t compete a nd get job. Their parents repeated the same with adding
if their children cannot get job after studying 10-16 years then he should help out in works like farming as one of his
cousin is doing after degree of Bachelor. After complete analysis we concluded that there should be girls‘ high schools
in rural areas. Proper teacher training included modern teaching methods. Awareness in people of rural areas that
study is not only to get job but for knowledge.
Keywords: Rural Areas, Dropout, Problems, Schools Level
Role of Touch and Hearing Senses in Orientation and Mobility for the Student with Visual Impairment
Muneer Ahmad Anees
muneerahmadanees8@gmail.com
This study aimed to explore to role of touch and hearing sense in orientation and mobility for the student with visual
impairment. The variables of the study were touch and hearing sense in orientation and mobility for th e student with
visual impairment. Similarly demographic variables like gender, experience, urban and rural. The research was
descriptive by nature. The main objectives of the study were to explore the role of touch sense in orientation and
mobility by students with visual impairment to identify the role of hearing sense in orientation and mobility by the
students with visual impairment. The study is highlight the said role from the perspectives of the individuals how
themselves exercise the use of these senses in their daily life. As a result actual findings may be drown which is add to
the knowledge of the field. The study was limited to the only visual impairment of touch and hearing sense in
orientation and mobility. The population of the study was consis ted of 30 teachers for student with visual impairment
Punjab. Simple sampling technique was used for the selection of the sample. One questionnaire teacher for student
with visual impairment was used in this study. This research tool consisted of 20 items 5 point Likert scale was used for
data collection. Researcher collected the data from Punjab Personally from teacher for student with visual impairment.
Data was analyzed in the descriptive manners. Quantitative data had been summarized and presented, in a tabulated
manner. The researcher analyzed the Quantitative data through SPSS. The findings strongly indicate touch and
hearing sense training has a direct beneficial outcome towards orientation and mobility development for the visually
impaired, and recommends further research into the effects of visual impairment.
Keywords: Visual Impairment, Orientation, Mobility, Hearing Senses
Malik Muhammad Ahmad
Deoeembwp1@gmail.com
This study was designed to study on teaching of Naazrah Quran in grade I-V in Bahawalpur. for this purpose,
questionnaires were designed for teachers and students. This contained 40 items mainly of multiple choice types. Due
to the limit of time and resources randomly selected sample of 10 teachers and 50 students from district Bahawalpur
were achieved and supposed these results will be approximately the same in Bahawalpur. After collecting data, it was
analyzed by calculating the percentage of responses, the percentage of the response was interpreted. It was found that
appropriate physical facilities (Qari teacher, insufficient teachers in primary sc hools, Qurani Quaida, assessment
mechanism, etc.) were in unsatisfactory position, unrealistic syllabus, unwisely classes, students increasing interest in
Naazrah Quran subject, refresher courses for teachers, less practical work are the major features in the study of
teaching of Naazrah Quran. It was suggested that Naazrah Quran subject should be implemented with true letter and

spirit, the concerned teachers and expert of Tajweed should be involved in designing for curriculum of this subject at
this level.
Keywords: Teaching, Naazrah Quran, Qurani Quaida, Assessment
Aneela Khursheed 1, Dr. Muhammad Shakir2
Research Scholar, National College of Business Administration & Econom ics, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Associate Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
shakir.iub@gmail.com
The mean purpose of the study was to sort out the barriers an d improve the children development in institutions. The
main objectives of the study were (a) to identify the factors contributing to early childhood education (b) to assess
language and literacy skills of children (c) to recommended suitable strategies in the improvement early childhood
education. The study was descriptive i.e survey type by method. Questionnaire and observation were developed to
collect data from the teachers and the children. Questions was divided into six categories which indicated si x factors
that directly and indirectly associate with school learning environment . Population of the study was all the teachers and
children of ECE and non ECE schools of govt sector included boys and girls, urban and rural areas primary,
elementary and high schools of five tehsils of district Bahawalpur (Ahmadpur, Bahawalpur, Hasilpur, Yazman and
khairpur). 25 teachers were selected from ECE schools and 25 nursery teachers were selected from non ECE schools.
These teachers were chosen as a sample of the population. The researcher personally collected data from selected
sample of the research population in each tehsils of district Bahawalpur. The collected data was analyzed by using
Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 by using Statistical formulas of chi-square, simple mean,
one way ANNOVA, t-test and percentage. The results obtained from the analysis is composed and narrated. On the
basis of findings of data analysis, conclusion had been drown and suitable suggestions were posited. All these
recommendations will enhance the performance of children.
Keywords: Learning Material, Early Childhood Education, Assessment
Analysis of Students‟ Perception about the Quality of Education in Affiliated Colleges of Bahawalpur
Fatima Tuz Zohra 1, Maryium Jabeen 2
fatimatuzohra88@gmail.com
The major purpose of this research was to analysis of the quality of education perceived by students at college level.
The main objectives of the study were (a) to understand the current quality initiatives for college education in Punjab, to
explore the quality standards already available and applied in Pakistan, to examine the problem and issues related to
the quality of education at college level (d) to analyze the current situation of the quality of college education based on
the Minimum Quality Standards and to recommend certain measures to improve the quality of college educatio n. This
study was designed to compare the fulfillment of the ten standards designed by HEC for Affiliated Colleges. All the
Students of affiliated colleges of Bahawalpur City were the population of government and private Colleges of
Bahawalpur district constituted the population of study. 300 students of the different institutions were the sample of the
study by using random sampling methods. Questionnaire was used as research instrument for getting relevant
information from teachers and students. The questionnaire for Students contained the quality standards (1) Vision,
Mission & Goal, (2) Academic Programs and Evaluation (3) Student Admission and Progression (4) Academic Faculty
and Administrative Staff (5) Physical Infrastructure, Academic Facilities and Learning Resources (6) Organizational
Governance and Management (7) Learning Environment (8) Anagogical Practices/Professional Development of Faculty
(9) Information Communication Technologies and (10) Research & Development. The researcher personally visited
each sample college for administering both questionnaires for Students. Questionnaires were distributed by hand to all
the affiliated colleges. Most of the colleges from public and private sector returned the questionnaire after filling at firs t
visit while remaining colleges from public sector and private sector returned the questionnaire after filling at second.
The responses obtained through the above mentioned questionnaire were score before statistical analysis. Frequency
and percentage were used to draw the results. It may be concluded that Students have less or no idea of the vision
mission and goals of the college and those knowing a little about VMG think that these are not aligned with the national
education policy. It may be concluded that Students have less idea about academic program and evaluation and
generally they are less satisfied with the current academic program and evaluation. It may be concluded that Students
have facilities but not in proper use. Teachers have not strategy to increa se student progression and admission
.Teacher not encourage student to work in systematic way. It may be concluded that teachers have academic facility
and administrative staff but not work properly. It may be concluded that Students are not satisfied college facilities. Few
Students favor there is every facility in college. It may be concluded that Students have less or no idea of the
Organizational Governance and Management. It may be concluded that Students have less or no idea of the learning
environment. It may be concluded that Students have less or no idea about andragogical practices and professional
development of faculty. It may be concluded that Students have no idea about Information Communication Technology.
It may be concluded that college management have no interest to improve research and development.
Keywords: Students Perception, Quality of Education, Learning Environment and Organizational Governance

Students‟ Perception of Learning Environment at The Government Sadiq College Women Univers ity
Bahawalpur
Fiza Ashiq
fizaashiq59@gmail.com
This study was entitle ―Students Perception of Learning Environment at Govt Sadiq College Women University of
Bahawalpur‖. The objectives of the study were: (i) to know the factors of effective learning,(ii) to understand the
problem of learning environments at university level ,(iii) to compare the opinions of governments students and give to
the suggestion for improving the learning environment at university level. The nature of current study was descriptive
and survey method was adapted to collecting data. The population of current study was all the students of Government
Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the sample. The
sample selected from Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur was 400. Total sample size was 400
university students. To achieve the purpose of the study, a questionnaire for university stu dents was developed by the
researchers. The data was collected from the students belongs to BS, Master and ADP at university level. The
researchers personally visited the sampled departments and asked students fill the questionnaires. Majority of the
respondent impressed by the classroom environment they said that classrooms are neat and clean and well -furnished
also furniture is appropriate for effective learning environment. (52.8%) of the respondent disagreed that food is
available at an affordable price in their canteen. After data collection, the data was analyzed by using Statistical
Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software (version-22). Frequencies, percentages, Mean, and Standard Deviation
had been carried out to analyze collected data.
Keywords: Learning Environment, Students Perception, Effective Learning and Personality
Impact of Online Classes on the Satisfaction and Performance of University Students during the Covid-19
Pandemic
Mariam Habib 1, Dr. Muzammila Akram 2
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Education, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
The whole educational system from elementary to tertiary level has collapsed during the lockdown period of the
coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) across the globe. This study is being conducted during the epidemic period of
COVID-19 to check the effect of online teaching on student performance. The aim of the study is to identify the factors
affecting student‘s satisfaction and performance regarding online classes during the pandemic period of COVID -19.
The study is qualitative in nature, and the data was collected from 50 Respondents through interviews who are
studying in department of education in Islamia Univers ity Bagdad-ul-jaded Campus Bahawalpur. Thematic approach
was used to analyze the collected data. The result shows that four independent factors used in the study viz. quality of
instructor, course design, prompt feedback and expectation of students positively impact student‘s satisfaction and
further student‘s satisfaction positively impact students‘ performance. For educational management, these four factors
are essential to have a high level of satisfaction and performance for online classes.
Keywords: COVID -19, Quality of instructor, Course design, Instructor‘s prompt feedback, Expectations, Internet
Network, Student satisfaction, Perceived performance
Analysis of the Impact of SMC‟S in School Management and Improving Academic Environment
Maryum Saleem 1, Dr. Muhammad Nadeem 2
The research study aims were to analyze the role of SMC‘s in School Management and to identify the factors which
influence/ affect SMC‘s in School Management. The population of the study was all the teachers, parents and members
of GMMS, GPS and GMS of Punjab province. Two districts of southern Punjab were the selected as a sample of the
study (Bahawalpur and Vehari) district. Two hundred and forty members were selected from eighty schools of these
two districts. Hence demographic and gender representation were focus at main stream. Afte r collecting data one data
sheet was developed in excel work sheet and it was tabulated, analyzed and interpreted by using the statistical
formula‘s frequency of the summed values, percentage and means of all values in excel work sheet. Findings of the
study concluded that majority of the participant were agreed that school council is not working to solve the problems;
majority of the participants were agreed that school council decisions are not implement accordingly and majority of the
participants disagreed in favor of members of school council are aware of their responsibilities. After review and
analysis of the study it is recommended that all school council members should attend meeting regularly and be aware
of their responsibilities. The decisions given by the school council should be implementing accordingly and teacher
member should coordinate with other member of school council to solve the problems.
Keywords: SMC‘S, School Management, Academic Environment

Analyzing the Reflections of Married Individuals of South Punjab towards Higher Education
1 r2
Mehwish Imtiaz and Dr. Syed Zubair Haide
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islam ia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Higher education has helped students to realize their career goals and dreams. The present study analyses the
perception of married individuals of South Punjab towards higher education. The study was descriptive and co vered
public sector universities (The Islamia University of Bahawalpur & Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan) in South
Punjab. The researcher personally visited the selected universities and personally collected the data from 600 married
students, such as 300 males (150 from IUB and 150 from BZU) and 300 females (150 from IUB and 150 from BZU).
The questionnaire for married students was used as a research tool to collect the data from both universities. Mean,
standard deviation and t values were calculated for each of the four factors of the research tools. The study‘s result
shows the significance of married students ‘; attitudes towards higher education, respondents attending their classes
regularly, and students focused on their lectures during class. They were aware of the benefits of higher education.
Spouses emotionally supported them to get a higher education. The respondents participated in co -curricular activities
and had good problem -solving skills. However, some of the respondents believed that it is challenging to study and
manage the family at the same time. In conclusion, students‘ marriages had no adverse effect on their studies.
Keywords: Married, Individuals, South Punjab, Higher Education
Hafeez Ullah 1, Dr. Muzammila Akram 2
Lecturer, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, RYK Campus, Punjab, Pakistan.
Associate Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia Univers ity of Bahawalpur
ahmadbinhafeez@gmail.com
Semester system in education has impact on the quality assurance in Pakistan. In Pakistan, higher education system,
quality assurance was initially adopted around tw o decades ago. Quality assurance has unquestionably benefitted
university administration, education, and study. This study aims to determine "factors affect quality assurance through
the semester system at the university level." To keep pace with global ad vancement, HEC has established a quality
assurance department to meet the standards of the education. The study is descriptive in nature and survey method for
data collection was used by the researcher. The sample of the study was compressed of 120 (males 60, females 60)
teachers of Ghazi University, University of Education Lahore D.G Khan campus and Post Graduate College of D.G
Khan. The researcher developed a questionnaire consisted of 15 statements for the participants. The researcher used
SPSS to compute means, standard deviations, and frequency distributions after collecting data. This study expands on
a variety of established factors affecting quality assurance through semester system at university level.
Keywords: Quality assurance, Semester system, Higher Education, Pakistani Universities.
Level of Primary School Teachers‟ Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation and Performance in Punjab
Muhammad Imran
imraniu4iu@gmail.com
This mixed study examined the existing level of primary school teachers‘ perceived intrinsic and extrinsic motivation
and their performance assessed through respective head-teachers. Data was collected through adapted teachers‘ and
head-teachers‘ questionnaires having both Likert-scale items and open-ended questions. Teachers‘ questionnaire
involved 38 (11=intrinsic motivation, 14 =extrinsic motivation) and three open ended questions within the same
questionnaire used for obtaining qualitative data. They asked for teachers‘ insights into existing problems and the
measures to improving teachers‘ motivation and performance; whereas, head -teachers‘ questionnaire implicated 13
Likert-scale items asking for respective performance of the teachers. Overall internal consistency of the tool was
measured through Cronbach‘s alpha which stood good (.82). The alpha values stood at .89, .74 and .85 for intrinsic
motivation, extrinsic motivation; and teachers‘ performance respectivel y. The multi-stage random sampling involved
348 teacher-respondents and 40 head-teachers of Distric Lodhran, Punjab. Data was analyzed through SPSS package
of 16.00 for descriptive statistical analyses at 0.05 confidence -intervals. Descriptive statistics revealed that teachers
ranked their intrinsic motivation better (mean ranged1.62 to 2.18 for 11items) against extrinsic motivation (mean ranged
from 2.50 to 3.97 for 14 items). Teachers‘ 13 performance items did not catch supporting evidence i.e. means rang ed
from 1.93 to 3.97 (with 2.82 mean of means) which is disappointing one.
Keywords: School Teachers, Extrinsic and Intrinsic Motivation and Performance

1 2
Muhammad Shahid , Dr. Muhammad Shakir
This study is an attempt to explore the application and utili ty of social media and mobile devices in transferring
resources and interacting with academics in undergraduate students‘ education institutions across the border wall, a
hitherto unexplored area of research in Bahawalpur. This empirical study is based on a survey of 360 students of The
Islamia university of Bahawalpur, which explores student perceptions of social media and mobile devices through
collaborative learning, interactivity with peers, teachers, and its significant impact on student academic achie vement.
An approach based on a latent variance structural equation model was used to measure and validate the instrument.
The study revealed that online social media used for collaborative learning had a significant impact on interactivity with
peers, teachers, and online knowledge sharing. In addition, interactivity with teachers, peers, and online knowledge
sharing behaviors had a significant impact on student engagement, which in turn has a significant impact on student
academic performance. Based on this finding, it would be valuable to mention that the use of online social media for
collaborative learning facilitates students to be more creative, dynamic and research -oriented. It is purely a domain of
knowledge.
Keywords: Social Media Engaging, Learning Facilities, Online Social Media
The Study about Environmental Stress on Academic Achievements of Students at Higher Level
Muneer Ahmad 1, Dr. Masood Ahmad 2
M.Phil, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur.
Assistant Profess or, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
The topic of the study was The Study about Environmental Stress on Academic Achievements of Students at Higher
Level. At university level student‘s personal stress, parent‘s stres s, teachers stress, peer group stress, financial rules
institution rules and regulation political interference in institution and class room interference all play critical role for
strengthening the learning achievements of university students The objectives of the study were to explore to Identify
the environmental stress on academic achievements of Student at higher level, to diagnose the factors those affect the
stress on academic achievements of student at higher level, to Examine the impact of the stre ss on academic
achievement of student at higher level, and to suggest suitable measures for reducing negative affect of the stress on
academic achievements of student at higher level. This study was descriptive in nature. The required information was
collected from the students through a self-developed questionnaire. The questionnaire was personally administered to
450 students. For this purpose, southern Punjab universities were selected. The collected data were analyzed by using
frequency, mean, standard deviation and t- test of independent sample. It was concluded that environmental factors
create stress in students are teachers, exams, course loads, peer influences, learning achievement, and time
management, lacking study room facility, they were not all owed to take participation in domestic issues but they
showed satisfaction from the physical facilities, self-esteem and family interactions and sleep quantity and quality,
physical and mental health, and drug use outcomes have all been shown to be negatively impacted by chronic stress
related to schooling. It was recommended that healthy activities, including playing sports, reading, watching movies,
conversing with friends, and other things can reduce their feelings of stress and in public universities, s tudents must
avoid negativity, Rewards should be given for student‘s better performance, Freedom based disciplined environment
should be ensured for a student in public universities and Appreciation should be ensured for private and public
university students.
Keywords: Environmental Stress, Academic Achievements and Performance
Development of Students Creative Abilities and Expressing Natural Conditions with Maximum Possibility by
Using “Landscape Art”
Shaista Abdul Rauf
This article deals with the theoretical and methodological features of the development of creative abilities in the field of
Fine Arts (landscape Art). The article is intended for students and teachers in the speciality of Visual Arts. It highlights
the main aspects of Fine Arts, such as drawing and landscape painting, the need for students to learn how to work with
different visual aids in lessons, the importance of an individual approach to students in the ed ucational process.
Landscape paintings are divided into three main parts (i) Foreground (ii) Middle ground (iii) Background although the
landscape painting is a difficult type of art but in this research article, the researcher worked hardly and efficientl y to
paint these paintings. Oil color is used in a very nice way. This work of researcher shows the close relationship of artist
with the beauty of nature.
Keywords: Natural conditions, Fine Arts, Landscape Art, Oil Colors, Visual Arts


Tehsin Aslam
Social media are a collection of Internet websites, services, and practices that support collabo ration, community
building, participation, and sharing. Social media afford users the opportunity to interact with one another making it
possible to share information, videos and photographic materials. The current study was designed to analyze effects
the use of social media on student‘s performance at university level. Objectives of the study were: to explore effects the
use of social media on students‘ performance at university Level in the classroom, determine the value of social media
in the socio-cultural life of students at campus, assess the effects use of social media on the health of students and
assess the effects use of social media on the academic performance of studies. This study was descriptive in nature.
Population of the study was consisted on all the male and female students of university level. The sample of 200
students was taken by sequence sampling techniques. The purpose of questionnaire was to get information about
media role in male and female education, media programs broadcasted th e problems of media they face. All questions
were design on 5 point likert scale. Three open ended questions were included at the end of questionnaire. Survey
method was used to collect the related data for this study. The required information was collecte d from the students
through a self-developed questionnaire. Data collected through above mentioned instruments was tabulated and
analyzed. The quantitative data from the questionnaire was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences
(SPSS). Methods to calculate frequencies, percentage, mean score and standard deviation statistics were applied. The
result of the study indicates that majority of students make use of social media. Furthermore, observations were made
that the use of social media influences the socio-cultural life of students. Findings showed that the use of social media
impacts the academic performance of the students negatively. In conclusion, the study reveals social media influences
the socio-cultural life of the students of the negatively.
Keywords: Social Media, Student Performance, University Level
1 2 3
Muhammad Aslam , Dr. Syed Zubair Haidar , Muhammad Usman Akbar
Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
M. Phil Scholar, Department of Education, Bahawalnagar Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
maslam3419@gmail.com
The study was designed to find out effects of online learning and internet facilities in Pakistan. The main objectives of
this study were to explore internet facilities, to explore challenges faced during online learning a nd to find out
satisfaction level of students learning online in Pakistan. The hypothesis of the study was ―there is no challenge to face
during online learning at Bahawalnagar district.‖. The study was descriptive in nature. The required data were collect ed
through a questionnaire containing 20 close items on five -point Likert scale. The five subscales were included in the
questionnaire. Data was gathered by sending these questionnaires to the 50 students studying online. Among 50, only
45 questionnaires were returned back. Percentage and mean score were calculated on SPSS-20 to evaluate the
received data. Among the 45 respondents, only 10 were satisfied with the internet facilities available. While 35 out of 45
were not satisfied. Moreover, there were not conducive environment for online learning students due to different issues
and problems faced during online learning. It is suggested that Government may make some solid measures to create
internet opportunities and facilities for learners. It is further s uggested to provide resource centers. Collaborative facility
centers might be established to provide better facilities to learners learning online.
Keywords: Facilities, Online Learning, Challenges, Resource Centers
Critical Analysis of Educational For All (EFA) Plan of Action (2001-2015) for Sustaining Literacy in Pakistan
Muhammad Sajid
PhD Scholar, Department of History, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
muhammadsajid7374@gmail.com
The main purpose of this study was to analyze the Education for All (EFA) Plan of Action (2001 -2015) for the up-
gradation of literacy in Pakistan. Literacy is considered the backbone of any nation. Without the up -gradation of the
literacy rate in the country, it is impossible to resolve the educational, political, and social issues of Pakistan. The
objectives of the study were (a) to review the adult literacy situation and its impact on country development (b) to
identify the role of different organizations and Literacy Dep artment who are working to improve the literacy rate in the
country; (c) to study the national and international goals, policies, and initiatives taken for the improvement of Adult
Literacy; (d) to review the national initiative taken by the Government of Pakistan for the adult literacy program in
Pakistan; (e) to critically analyze the plans and policies prepared for the implementation of Education For All (EFA) in
Pakistan; (f) to critically analyze the initiatives taken for the adult literacy progr am by Literacy & NFBED for achieving
EFA goals; (g) o assess the efforts and monitoring system made to achieve EFA targets in Pakistan through
implementing EFA Plan 2001-2025). This document analysis and review study focused on a secondary source of the
material. The secondary source material such as previous EFA research reports, Literacy projects, Global Monitoring
Reports by UNESCO, Documents related to Literacy Trends in Pakistan and International Trends, National and

International research journals, Findings of National and International Conferences, National Plan of Action reports,
Review Reports, Public and private organizations work, Books on literacy and education for all, Newspapers columns,
magazines and other published work presented in differe nt seminars and literacy organizations websites. Different
speeches on literacy day by the different experts, educationists throughout the world critically reviewed the situation of
EFA in Pakistan.
Keywords: Literacy, Education for All, Sustainable and Social Issues
Dr. Fatima Abrar 1,, Dr. Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman2
PhD-Management Sciences, Air University School of Management, Pakistan
f_abrar.2011@yahoo.com
The study grabs the attention of the readers towards one of the most embedded issues at higher education institutions,
that is diversity and its management approaches. The study is qualitative in nature, as we conducted interviews of the
registrar offices and heads of departments of 17 universities situated in Pakistan. Data were gathered based on semi
structured questionnaire where major themes were extracted in the context of diversity and its management. An
inclusion model has also been proposed for managing diversity, which is based on the analysis that students from
various diverse backgrounds, cultural aspects, and orientation, if not managed and handled sensibly at uni versity level,
they can feel unsafe and stand out alone not only in the classroom but also in their academic performance. Findings
show that various issues can arise, if diversity management approach is not adapted like hostility, communication
issues, ethnicity-based discrimination, and demographics -oriented discrimination. The study presents an inclusion -
based diversity management framework which inculcates various essential aspects and addresses the cultural
misunderstanding, communication issues, and inequitable inclusion of all the diversity related factors. At the end, the
study presents a solution which suggests inclusion-oriented admission criteria and practices, provision of mentoring
opportunities, conducing trainings, and workshops for diversity a wareness in universities. Thus, inclusion can be taken
as a priority to promote teamwork and overall performance of university as an organization. The study presents
theoretical as well as practical implications for higher education institutions, especiall y the universities of Pakistan.
Keywords: Diversity inclusiveness, heads of department, registrars, culture, discrimination

Higher Education International Conference
(HEIC-2023)
Theme: Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable Future
Organized By

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ABSTRACT BOOK

Department of Educational Training

February 6-7, 2023

Department of Educational Training

 Global citizenship: embedding the 17 SDGs in teaching,

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Message of HEIC-2023 Patron in Chief

Message of HEIC-2023 Patron

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Message of HEIC-2023 Organizer

Message of HEIC-2023 Focal Person

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Educational system and Lifelong Learning for All – A Conceptual Analysis

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Digital Literacy Skills among Research Scholars of Universities of Punjab Province

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

The Impact of Digitalization on Higher Education in Pakistan

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Identification of Motivational Techniques in Teaching of English Language

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Problems in Speaking English Language at Primary Level in Bahawalpur with

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

A Study to Analyze the Problems Faced by Fossilized Students

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Analysis of Teaching Methodologies used by Teachers at Secondary School Level

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Impact of Online Classes on the Satisfaction and Performance of Universi ty

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Developmental Goals: Ally or Enemy-Impact of MDGs to SDGs on Elitism in Education

Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable Future

Upskilling and Validating the Assessment of 21st Soft Skills

Tourism and Hospitality Management TechVoc Education Training, Development, and

Future of Higher Education in Pakistan

Reshaping Sustainable University Education in Post-Pandemic World

Sustainable Education and Sustainability in Education: Policy and Implementation

Assessing Quality Assurance in Higher Education: Perception of Quality Managers

Research in Higher Education: The Role of Teaching and Student Learning

Higher Education's Quest for a Sustainable Future: A Global Perspective

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Educational system and Lifelong Learning for All – A Conceptual Analysis

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

A Narrative Study to Evaluate the Role of Higher Education in Women empowerment

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Evolving Trends of Teachers‟ Professional Development: A Case Study of KFUEIT

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Gender Discrimination at Workplace: A Study of Public Schools of Bahawalpur

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

A Qualitative Investigation of Verbal Cues of Deceptive Utterances among Young

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Impact of Online Gaming on Students' Aggression and Performance at the University

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Impact of Online Classes on the Satisfaction and Performance of University Students

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

International Keynote Speaker

Digital Learning in Higher Education: What we know and what we don‟t

Developmental Goals: Ally or Enemy-Impact of MDGs to SDGs on Elitism in Education

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur

Reshaping Higher Education for Sustainable Future

Upskilling and Validating the Assessment of 21 st Soft Skills

Department of Educational Training, The Islamia University of Bahaw alpur