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2021 AIRs LMs PERDEV - Q1 - M1 - Knowing Oneself
2021 AIRs LMs PERDEV - Q1 - M1 - Knowing Oneself
Personal Development
Module 1:
Knowing Oneself
AIRs - LM
LU_Personal Development_Module1
PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT 11/12
Module 1: Knowing Oneself
Second Edition, 2021
Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without written
permission from the copyright owners.
Management Team:
LU_Personal Development_Module1
SHS
Personal Development
Module 1:
Knowing Oneself
LU_Personal Development_Module1
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear
learners, can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities,
questions, directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you
to understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you
step-by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are
also provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on
how they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on
any part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
Thank you.
LU_Personal Development_Module1
Target
Adolescence is the time when young people start to ask questions about
themselves, about their future, and even about their religious and political beliefs.
During the adolescent stage of development, the young person grapples with his or
her identity. This may seem very philosophical to some, but to know oneself is the
first step in personal development. One philosopher stated “Knowing others is
intelligence; knowing yourself is true wisdom. Mastering others is strength,
mastering yourself is true power.
In the previous lesson, you have learned the different aspects of human
development, three factors affecting or influencing human development, personal
development by which psychology serves as a foundation, school of thoughts or
theories that were developed, transition period of adolescence and other influence of
personal development which is spiritual and religious.
This module will help you realize that in knowing thy self will continually lead
you more to develop yourself better as you learn to accept your strengths and
weaknesses as a person. Personal development modules’ ultimate aim is greater self-
knowledge that will lead to higher alignment between these two personality domains:
the actual self and the ideal self.
At the end of your learning journey in this module, you are expected to:
1. explain that knowing yourself can make you accept your own self-concept,
personal effectiveness, strengths, and limitations, and in dealing with others
better, and your uniqueness. (EsP-PD11/12KO-Ia-1.1)
2. determine how characteristics, habits, and experiences becomes unique to every
person (EsP-PD11/12KO-Ia-1.2); and
3. share your own unique characteristics, habits, and experiences.
(EsP-PD11/12/KO-Ia1.2)
Subtasks:
1. define the categories of self-concept;
2. compare some skills that will greatly increase the efficiency of a person and
what makes a person unique;
3. choose always what is best for you to become unique and a better person;
4. distinguish one’s strengths and weaknesses and use their talents for the good
of the community; and
5. value oneself as a unique person
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Lesson
Self-Concept
1
Jumpstart
Directions: Take a look at your own self-concept and answer the following self-
concept inventory in a separate sheet of paper. Give yourself a rating
using the scale: O = Very Weak; 1 = Weak; 2 = somewhat weak or
somewhat strong; 3 = Strong; 4 = Very Strong
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Scoring: Copy this table in a separate sheet of paper. Write your score opposite each
number and get the subtotal.
Guide Questions:
1. How did you find the activity?
2. Did you rate yourself correctly and promptly?
3. What did you discover about yourself after doing the activity?
4. You notice that there are gradual changes about yourself, do you accept and
agree what you are now as a person?
Rubrics:
4 3 2 1
Development of Ideas were Ideas may be Ideas Ideas were
Ideas clearly evident, but were poorly
organized, on the present developed
point and organization but vague
supported of thoughts
with valid need to be
reasons strengthened
Elaboration Well written Well written Awkward Poor
and fully and most writing writing
elaborated points style and with little
points with elaborated points are to no
clear and with clear general. specific
accurate details Errors are details
information also
present.
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Discover
Imagine yourself looking into a mirror. What do you see? Do you see your ideal
self or your actual self? Your ideal self is the self that you aspire to be. It is the one
that you hope will possess characteristics like that of a mentor or some other worldly
figure. Your actual self, however, is the one that you see. It is the self that has
characteristics that you were nurtured or in some cases, born to have.
The actual self and the ideal self are two broad categories of self-concept. Self-
concept refers to your awareness of yourself. It is the construct that negotiates these
two selves. In other words, it connotes first the identification of the ideal self as
separate from others and second is that it encompasses all the behaviors evaluated
in the actual self that you engage in to reach the ideal self.
It is believed that the words “Know Thyself” which were written at the entry of
the oracle at Delphi by seven Greek philosophers, statesmen and lawgivers became
the cornerstone of Western philosophy.
> For Socrates, the most important thing to pursue was self -knowledge and
admitting one’s ignorance is the beginning of true knowledge.
> For Plato, one of Socrates’ students, the beginning of knowledge is self- knowledge.
> Other ancient philosophers from other culture saw the wisdom in knowing oneself.
> The ancient Hindu writings Upanishads confirmed “Enquiry into the truth of the
“Self” is knowledge”.
> The Persian poet Rumi ruminated “Who am I in the midst of all this thought
traffic?” and
> The American poet Walt Whitman celebrated his “Self” as a “simple and separate
person.”
The ideal self, on the other hand, is how we want to be. It is an idealized
image that we have developed over time based on what we have learned and
experienced. The ideal self could include components of what our parents have
taught us, what we admire in others, what our society promotes, and what we think
best interests us.
How to know oneself? We must define first the concept of the “Self”. In
philosophical terms, it is the being which is the source of a person’s consciousness.
It is the agent responsible for an individual’s thoughts and actions. Based on this
definition, the “Self” is an intangible entity that directs a person’s thoughts and
actions. It is outside the physical realm of the person.
The “Self” is the essence of a person: his thoughts, feelings and actions,
experiences, beliefs, values, principles, and relationships. The “Self’ includes a
person’s life purpose, meaning and aspirations.
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If the “Self” is defined as the cognitive and affective representation of one’s
identity, it is then defined in terms of human characteristics such as behavior and
thought.
Personal Effectiveness
Knowledge is required for setting goals and defining an action plan to achieve
them and risk assessment.
Skills also determine whether real actions are performed in accordance with
the plan. If the same ability is used many times in the same situation, then it
becomes a habit that runs automatically, subconsciously. Here are some skills that
will greatly increases the efficiency of any person who owns them:
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Build on Your Strengths and Work on Your Weaknesses
Instead of giving up or indulging in self-pity, take action. Go for speech
lessons, get skills upgrading, attend personality development sessions or
whatever appropriate remedies to your perceived weakness.
Build on your
strengths and work on
your weaknesses.
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Explore
Directions: In a separate sheet of paper, replicate the diagram and write down the
following:
9 three blessing
11- difficulties,
for which I am
challenges, and most thankful to
problems that I 10- three of
God
was able to solve my positive
and overcome qualities
1 3 My two greatest
5-What in achievements in life.
Myself am I
proudest of
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Reflection
Rubrics
4 3 2 1
Development Ideas were Ideas may be Ideas Ideas were
of Ideas clearly evident, but were poorly
organized, the present developed
on point and organization but vague
supported of thoughts
with valid need to be
reasons strengthened
Elaboration Well written Well written Awkward Poor
and fully and most writing writing
elaborated points style and with little
points with elaborated points are to no
clear and with clear general. specific
accurate details Errors are details
information also
present.
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Deepen
Rubrics
4 3 2 1
Development Ideas were Ideas may be Ideas Ideas
of Ideas clearly evident, but were were
organized, the present poorly
on point organization but developed
and of thoughts vague
supported need to be
with valid strengthened
reasons
Elaboration Well written Well written Awkward Poor
and fully and most writing writing
elaborated points style and with little
points with elaborated points to no
clear and with clear are specific
accurate details general. details
information Errors
are also
present.
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Lesson
“I am Unique”
2
Jumpstart
Activity 1: Expand your Horizon!
Materials Needed: Pencil or Ballpen and Sheet of Paper
Directions: On a separate sheet of paper, draw the illustration below and write
words or group of words that corresponds with the main theme or word in the center
of the mind mapping. Elaborate your answer why this word/s is/are related to the
main subject.
UNIQUENESS
Elaborate
Figure 1.2 Mind Mapping
1. ______________________________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________________________
5. _______________________________________________________________________________
6. _______________________________________________________________________________
7. _______________________________________________________________________________
8. _______________________________________________________________________________
9. _______________________________________________________________________________
10.______________________________________________________________________________
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Discover
Uniqueness is defined in different ways and here are some of the collective
definitions:
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Problem arises due to the limitation of widening each horizon in accepting and
facing people worldwide. In the United States of America, some people who
experienced discrimination were reported due to individual differences such as in
race, religion, color of the skin, hobbies, language, and personality. In the Philippine
setting, one of the primary social issues in terms of difference is the acceptance of
what we call as categorized in the LGBTQ community seeking for equality in work,
school, and facilities.
Diversity is also one term that is parallel of being unique. It has been a major
advocacy of some in the world since we differ in culture, tradition, and belief
particularly on how we perceived ourselves individually based on who nurtured us
and the nature or location that we are in .
In a specific sense of being a unique person, Big Five, and the Myers-Briggs
Type Indicator can guide you in determining your personality traits or characteristics
by Costa and McRae (1992).
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IG FIVE
Low Scores High Scores
1. Extroversion – the Loner Joiner
ability to socialize and Quiet Talkative
belongingness is his Passive Active
concern. Reserved Affectionate
2. Agreeableness – Suspicious Trusting
possessing trust and Critical Lenient
openness to others. Ruthless Soft-hearted
Irritable Good-natured
3. Conscientiousness – Negligent Conscientious
the possession of Lazy Hard-working
mind setting and goal Disorganized Well Organized
oriented. Late Punctual
4. Neuroticism – a Calm Worried
person who Even-tempered Temperamental
experiences anxiety, Comfortable Self-Conscious
and emotionally and Unemotional Emotional
physical conscious.
5. Openness to Down-to-Earth Imaginative
Experience – a Uncreative Creative
person who goes with Conventional Original
the flow, widening Uncurious Curious
horizons, and being
resourceful.
The summation of being a unique one has been advantageous not only to
oneself but with other people leading towards Understanding, Tolerance, and
Acceptance. These 3 things fused together to help each other perceive ourselves as
an individual with different characteristics, habits, and experiences.
The basic concept of understanding is when we know ourselves and our ability
to understand the feelings of others, and vice versa, tolerance is associated with
willingness to accept behavior and beliefs that are different from your own with fair,
objective, and permissive attitude toward those whose opinions, practices, race,
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religion, nationality, etc. differ from one's own; freedom from bigotry, although you
might not agree with or approve of them such as in the example of religion where
scriptures are not alike with the religion that you have, and acceptance is simply the
process of assenting or recognizing a process or condition without attempting to
change, protest, or exit. (Fish, Jefferson M. 2014).
With the existence of being a unique one, how could you possibly share your
own characteristics, habits, and experiences confidently? Now, you may stand in the
mirror and reflect after answering the question “Who am I?” from the previous lesson.
Now , you can tell to yourself, “I know that I am a sole being. I know what I am
capable of. I know the things that make me relaxed and comfortable. I know that I
am molded because of what I have experienced. And with these, I understand others.”
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Explore
Directions: Using the Venn diagram, identify the unique characteristics of you and
your closest friend by writing in the larger portion of the circle and
identify your similarities in the overlapping portion. Answer the follow-
up questions below. (See Rubrics)
What
makes What makes
What makes
us the him/her
me unique?
same? unique?
MY FRIEND
ME
Follow-Up Questions:
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Rubrics
5 4 3 2 1
Development Ideas were Ideas may be Ideas Ideas were No idea
of Ideas clearly evident but were poorly presented
organized, the present developed
on point and organization but vague and lack
supported of thoughts details
with valid need to be
reasons strengthened
Elaboration Well written Well written Awkward Poor No
and fully and most writing writing specific
elaborated points style and with little details
points with elaborated points are to no
clear and with clear general. specific
accurate details Errors are details
information also
present.
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Deepen
The lessons that you engaged in will help you now in applying knowledge and
skills later in a real-life scenario.
Directions: Below are spiels that sometimes being uttered by different people
because it’s either due to their emotional contest and situation. As an individual who
is already aware why understanding, acceptance, and tolerance is a vital component
and summation of uniqueness, how can these scenarios be corrected in an
appropriate manner? Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper .
Rubrics:
Criteria Score per item
Exceptionally and accurately corrected 5
Admirable and mostly accurate 3
correction.
Acceptable and fair correction. 2
Attempted to answer but incomplete. 1
Reference: Garcia, Maricel. 2016. Personal Development Teacher’s Guide. Lipa City, Batangas,
Scolaire Publishing
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Gauge
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7. Which the following confirmed, “Enquiry into the truth of the “Self” is
knowledge”?
A. The ancient Hindu writings Upanishads
B. The American poet Walt Whitman
C. The Persian poet Rumi
D. Plato, Socrates’ student
8. An awareness of yourself refers to your ____.
A. Beauty B. Emotion C. Knowledge D. Self-concept
9. This includes knowledge and skills that we acquire in the process of cognitive
and practical activities.
A. Ability B. Experience C. Knowledge D. Skills
10.The following statements are definition of Uniqueness Except:
A. Lack of experience
B. Being the only one or SOLE.
C. A person who has distinct characteristics.
D. The quality of being unique or unusual in some special way.
11. Possessing this may differ depending on how people treat you and with the
situation you are in to.
A. Personality B. Attitude C. Passion D. Habits
12. It becomes our outlet and improves our mental state such as collecting
memorabilia and art craft.
A. Attitude B. Personality C. Taste D. Hobbies
13. How can goals become achievable?
A. If there is vague steps and procedures.
B. If there is clear systems that are being followed.
C. If you already know yourself.
D. If somebody understands you.
14. Which of the following is TRUE about being a neurotic?
A. A person who is imaginative and creative.
B. A person who always go with the flow.
C. A person who always trust somebody else.
D. A person who is emotional in every situation.
15. Which of the following is TRUE about being passionate?
A. You look for materials that would fill the gap of contentment.
B. You look for your correct perspective.
C. You look for activities that make you satisfied when you did.
D. You look for your own likes in wearing clothes and accessories
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20 LU_Personal Development_Module1
Part 1. Multiple Choice
1. B
2. D
3. D
4. B
5. C
6. C
7. A
8. D
9. B
10. A
11. B
12. D
13. B
14. D
15. C
Answer Key
References
Book Materials:
1. Personal Development (Rex Bookstore)
By: Ricardo Rubio Santos
2. Personal Development
Department of Education
Republic of the Philippines
Printed Materials:
Santos, Ricardo R. (2016). Personal Development First Edition (pp14-21). Rex Book
Store, Inc. Sampaloc, Manila, Philippines
Garcia, Maricel P. (2016). K to 12 Personal Development Teacher’ Guide. Scolaire
Publishing. Lipa City, Batangas, Philippines
Journal:
Tayob (2004) and Strack (2006). Maintaining Apartheid or Promoting Change
(p.85), Differentiating Normal & Abnormal Personality 2 nd Edition (p.66)
Website
http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-self-concept-in-psychology-definition-
lesson-quiz.html
http://study.com/academy/lesson/ideal-self--vs-real-self-defintion-lesson-
quiz.html
http://www.chrysalisdevelopment.com/page6/page4/page4.html
http://www.learning-mind.com/7-basic-personal-effectiveness-skills
A Conscious Rethink. Jack Nollan website. Retrieved July 21, 2020 from
https://www.aconsciousrethink.com
Diversity. J Pantaleo website. Retrieved July 21, 2020 from
https://www.qcc.cuny.edu/diversity/definition/html
Merriam-Webster website. Retrieved July 22, 2020 from https://www.merriam-
webster.com/thesaurus/uniqueness
Cambridge Dictionary website. Retrieved July 22, 2020 from
https://www.dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/uniqueness
Psychology Today website. Retrieved July 22, 2020 from
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/lookinh-in-the-cultural-
mirror/2014002/tolerance-acceptance-understanding
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