Republic of the Philippines

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
Region I
Division of Ilocos Sur

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LESSON TITLE: Tale of Ch’unhyang
_______________________________________________________

Name of Teacher –Writer: RUSSEL M. PAGANAO

EDCELL A. DAROG
AUBREY S. SOMERA
School: LIPIT NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

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Hello learner! Welcome to this Grade 8 English Self-Learning Kit on analyzing a literature as
a mirror to a shared heritage of people with diverse background.
This learning kit has learning objectives designed to meet your expectations and provide you
with various learning activities to enhance your skills.
You are given two (2) days to accomplish the activities provided. Please observe the following
reminders.
1. Follow the directions in each activity.
2. Make sure not to look at the answer sheet before and as you go through
the activities or else this self-learning kit will be useless.
3. Honesty should be observed as you go through the activities.
4. You can ask help to your parents and other members of your family if there are activities
that need assistance, but do not let them accomplish everything.
5. Please do not write anything on this kit. Kindly use your notebook in answering the
activities and assessments.

Grade 8 MELC: Analyze literature as a mirror to a shared

heritage of people with diverse background.

Objectives
At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

1. Infer character traits through a graphic organizer.

2. Show understanding and appreciation towards customs,
traditions and beliefs reflected in the text through
differentiated activity.
3. Write a reflection about Afro-Asian beliefs and values.

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 Anyeong! (Hello) my favorite learner! First, I would like to
greet you a beautiful morning that is filled with love, faith and
hopeful surprises in our life. Before we start this lesson, I would
like to invite you a 3-minute personal prayer.

In our everyday life, we cannot avoid some obstacles to

happen. None of us could not experience these. We always
encounter problems in life which almost make us want to give up
because we are upset and hopeless. But despite of all these
challenges that we are facing today, tomorrow or in the next day,
remember that it is normal to go through difficulties. Whatever is
the color of your skin, your races, you have to keep in mind that
everybody goes through challenges in these modern times.

YOUR INITIAL TASKS

 NOTE: Always remember that in every activity, you must write your answers in your
notebook.

Task 1- Three Minutes Letter Search Riddle Game

Directions: Read each statement closely, and search for the missing letter as suggested by each
statement.

1. I am the first letter of love.

2. You will find me in boar but not in a bear.
3. Use my first letter if you color me yellow.
4. I am the reason of Snow White’s deep sleep.
5. I have the common sound from the words wall-well-bell.
6. The beginning and ending of trust.
7. I am the 25th letter in English Alphabet.

By the time you will be reading “Tale of Ch’unhyang”, perhaps you will realize that there are
words quite hard to understand. For you to understand the whole text, you are tasked to supply the
missing letters to complete the words below provided its meaning. (clue: vowel letters)
1. M_GIS_RATE (noun)- A civil officer or lady judge who administers the law, especially one who
conducts a court that deals with minor offenses. Synonyms: judge-justice
2. H_ST_N (verb)- be quick to do something; move or travel hurriedly. Synonyms: hurry-speed-
accelerate-hurry up-quicken-rush
3. D_FI_NC_ (noun)- open resistance; bold disobedience. Synonyms: challenge-dare-provocation
4. K_S_ENG entertainer (adjective/noun)- officially sanctioned Korean female entertainers or
sometimes prostitutes. They are artists who work to entertain others, such as the yangbans and
kings. Synonyms: ginyeo, also spelled as gisaeng.
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5. C_NG_E (noun)- a heavy wooden yoke borne on the shoulders and enclosing the neck and arms,
formerly used in China for punishing petty criminals.
6. Y_NGB_N (noun)- part of the traditional ruling class or nobles of dynastic Korea during the Joseon
Dynasty.

In the previous tasks, you have already unlocked some of the difficult words found
in the text. Likewise, you have identified the keyword from the first initial task. Maybe you
are wondering why the word “Loyalty” is our focus during the initial task.

Throughout history, literature from all cultures has praised love. Forbidden love or
lovers from different social classes, in particular, has always been a popular and poignant
theme. “The Tale of Chunhyang” is a classic love story between two young lovers who cross
the class divide of the Joseon Dynasty characterized by a strict hierarchical social structure.

The Tale of Chunhyang is undoubtedly the most beloved among Korean classics.
The famous love story has been adapted into a variety of genres, such as movies, dramas,
operas, musicals, and ballets as well as the traditional Korean narrative music of pansori. In
May every year, the Ch’unhyang festival is held in Namwon, the background of the folk story.

For you to appreciate and understand the Tale of Ch’unhyang, let us begin to explore
the real world of Korean tale that entails love and power in the modern world.

Tale of Ch’unhyang
Story adapted from Ha Tae Hung, Folk Tales of Old Korea, Korean Cultural Series 6 (Seoul: Yonsei
University Press, 1967).
Formerly there lived in the province of Cholla, in the town of Namwon, a magistrate's son named Yi
Mongyong. He had much literary talent, and grew up to be a handsome young man. One beautiful morning,
Master Yi Mongyong called his servant, Pangja, and asked him to show him a place where he might see wild
flowers. Pangja led him to a summer pavilion near a bridge called "Ojak-kyo," or the "Magpie Bridge." The
view from the bridge was as beautiful as the summer sky, and thus was named after the tale of the herdboy
and the Weaving Maid. Looking at the distant mountains, Yi Mongyong caught sight of a young maiden
swinging beneath one of the trees. He asked Pangja about the lovely maiden and her attendant. He replied
that she was Ch'unhyang (Spring Fragrance), a daughter of Wolmae (Moon Plum), the retired kisaeng
entertainer. Pangja related to his young master that this young girl was not only beautiful but also virtuous.
Yi Mongyong insisted that Pangja inform Ch'unhyang that he wished to meet her. "Don't you know the
butterfly must pursue the flower, and the geese must seek the sea?" retorted Ch'unhyang. Pangja reported
what she had said to Yi Mongyong, who became disconsolate. The servant suggested that he see the young
maid himself. Yi Mongyong approached Ch'unhyang. She was even more beautiful than he had first thought.
The wind blew her black hair and long ribbon over her rosy face, and she glowed with virtue and happiness.
"This good fortune is offered me today. Why wait until tomorrow? Should I not speak to this pretty girl now?"
Yi Mongyong said to himself. Just then Ch'unhyang, frightened at being watched, jumped down from her
swing and ran toward her house. Stopping under a peach tree at her garden gate she plucked a blossom
and kissed it, her lips and cheeks redder than the bloom, and was gone. Pangja urged his master to hasten
home so that his father might know nothing of his adventure, and then punish Pangja for allowing Yi
Mongyong to wander so far. The youth returned home in a trance, and went immediately to sit at dinner with
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his parents. With the meal finished, Yi Mongyong went to his room, lit a candle, and opened a book. Reading
proved impossible. The words blurred before his eyes and every word and every character was "Spring" and
"Fragrance"- Ch'unhyang, Ch'unhyang, Ch'unhyang. Calling Pangja, he said, "Tonight I must see
Ch'unhyang. Did she not say that the butterfly must pursue the flower?" They went to Ch'unhyang's house,
stopping under the peach tree in the garden as they approached. At that moment Ch'unhyang's mother was
telling her daughter that she had had a dream in which a blue dragon coiled itself around Ch'unhyang's body
and, holding her in its mouth, flew up to the sky. Looking up, instead of the dragon in the clouds, the girl's
mother saw a dragon on earth, for Yi Mongyong walked out of darkness and spoke to her. On learning the
purpose of his visit she called Ch'unhyang to meet the young nobleman, and Yi Mongyong asked
Ch'unhyang's mother for the hand of her daughter. The old woman, thinking her dream had come true, gladly
consented, and said, "You are a nobleman's son and Ch'unhyang is the daughter of a kisaeng, so there
cannot be a formal marriage. If you give us a secret marriage contract, writing your pledge not to desert her,
we shall be contented." Yi Mongyong seized a brush and set down the following lines: "The blue sea may
become a mulberry field, and the mulberry fields may become the blue sea, but my heart for Ch'unhyang
shall never change. Heaven and earth and all the gods are witnesses." In their sleep that night they dreamed
of Mandarin ducks swimming together. For several nights he visited his beloved, until she teased him, saying
that he should go home and study hard to become a great official like his father. Unfortunately, their time
together did not last. Not long after the secret marriage, the servant brought Yi Mongyong a message saying
that his father, newly appointed to the King's cabinet, was being recalled to the capitol. Yi Mongyong, who
was to accompany his father, went that evening to Ch'unhyang and told her the bad news. The young couple
was forced to say a tearful goodbye at the Magpie Bridge. "Since there is no way to change our fate, let us
embrace and part," said Ch'unhyang, throwing her arms around her lover. She then gave him a ring. "This is
my token of love for you. Keep it until we meet again. Go in peace, but do not forget me. I shall remain faithful
to you and wait here for you to come and take me away to Seoul." With these words, they parted. The new
Namwon magistrate arrived soon afterward, and among his first words to his servant were, "Bring me
Ch'unhyang, the pretty girl I have heard of." "This is difficult sir," replied the retainer, "for she is already
married secretly to Yi Mongyong, the son of the former magistrate." Angered, the new magistrate ordered
Ch'unhyang summoned at once. Too terrified to disobey an order by the magistrate, Ch'unhyang
accompanied the servant. The magistrate looked at her attentively. "I heard much of you in Seoul, and today
I see you are very beautiful. Will you come to me?" Choosing her words carefully, Ch'unhyang replied, "I am
committed to Yi Mongyong. That is why I cannot do as you ask. The King has sent you here to take care of
the people. You have a heavy responsibility to the throne. It would be better to fulfill your duties and apply
justice according to the laws of the country." Ch'unhyang's defiance enraged the magistrate, and he ordered
her taken to prison. "Why put me in prison?" Ch'unhyang protested, "I have done no wrong. A married woman
must be faithful to her husband, just as a magistrate should be faithful to the king." This merely served to
anger the magistrate further, and before long Ch'unhyang found herself in a prison cell. Meanwhile, Yi
Mongyong had arrived in Seoul, where he studied hard and learned all the famous Chinese classics. He
passed the government examinations with the highest distinction, thereby qualifying for a position in the king's
service. In congratulating him after the munkwa examinations, the king asked Yi Mongyong. "Do you wish to
be a magistrate or a governor?" "I should like to be appointed amhaeng osa," replied Yi Mongyong. Yi
Mongyong, as an amhaeng osa, traveled around the country with his attendants, disguised as beggars. They
inquired everywhere after the needs of the people in order to assess the quality of local districts’
administrations. Soon he arrived near Namwon, and came to a small farming village where the people were
planting rice. While working, the peasants sadly chanted: "We come out in the scorching heat, plough our
fields, sow our seeds, and make the rice grow. First we must pay tribute to the king, give a part to the poor,
a part to travelers who come knocking at our doors, and save money for ancestral services. This would be
all right if the magistrate did not squeeze us for even more, leaving us with hardly anything to eat." Much
interested, Yi Mongyong approached and said, "I have heard that the magistrate of Namwon has married
Ch'unhyang and that they live together happily." "How dare you speak like that?" retorted one of farmers.

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"Ch'unhyang is faithful, true and pure, and you are a fool to speak thus of her and that tyrant, who is cruel to
her. No, her fate is even worse than that because the son of the former magistrate seduced and deflowered
that poor girl, and then abandoned her, never coming back to see her. He is a bastard, the son of a dog, the
son of a pig!" The farmer's anger shocked Yi Mongyong. He found that many villagers felt the same way. The
local yangban aristocrats shared the people's wrath. Yi Mongyong happened on a spot where some yangbans
were having a picnic, comparing poems and conversing on a hillside. He listened as a scholar presented a
poem railing against the unjust provincial government. When he was done, another picnicker said, "These
are sad days! I've heard that a young woman called Ch'unhyang is to be executed in two or three days." "Oh!
This Magistrate is a wretch!" said another. "He is thinking only of overpowering Ch'unhyang, but she is like
the pine and bamboo, which never change. She has remained faithful and true to her husband." Another
added, "She was married to the son of the old magistrate. What a pig her husband is! He abandoned the
poor girl." These comments made Yi Mongyong, weary and ashamed, hasten to Namwon. Meanwhile,
Ch'unhyang, in prison all this time, remained faithful to the memory of Yi Mongyong. She had grown thin,
feeble, and sick. One day she had a dream, in which she saw her house. In her garden, the flowers that she
had planted and loved had faded. The mirror in her room was broken. Her shoes were hanging on the lintel
of the door. She called to a blind man who happened to be passing by her cell window, and asked him the
significance of her dream. "I shall tell you what it means. These dried flowers shall bear fruit, the noise of the
broken mirror will be heard throughout the world, and the shoes on the door indicate a large crowd visiting to
offer congratulations." Ch'unhyang thanked the blind man and prayed that his prophecy would come true. In
reality, however, Ch'unhyang's doom was near. That very day the evil magistrate called his attendants
together and said to them, "In three days I shall celebrate a great feast, to which I wish to invite all the
magistrates of the nearby towns, and on that day Ch'unhyang shall be executed." Meanwhile, Yi Mongyong
arrived in the town and went to Ch'unhyang's house. At first, her mother did not recognize him. "I do not know
who you are," she said. "Your face reminds me of Yi Mongyong, but your clothes are the clothes of a beggar."
"But I am Yi Mongyong," said he. "Oh!" she gasped. "Every day we have waited for you, but alas, in two or
three days Ch'unhyang will be dead." "Listen to me, Mother," replied Yi Mongyong. "Even though I am a
miserable beggar, I still long for Ch'unhyang, and I want to see her." With Yi Mongyong following, she knocked
at the prison window, calling her daughter, who was asleep. Awakened, Ch'unhyang asked immediately if
anyone had seen Yi Mongyong or heard news of him. The mother replied that in place of Yi Mongyong, a
beggar had come who claimed he was Yi Mongyong, and was there now to see her. Yi Mongyong appeared
at the window, and Ch'unhyang looked at him. It seemed to make no difference to her that he was badly
dressed, and seemed to have failed at life in Seoul. Instead, she reached for him through the bars and
struggled to be as close to him as possible. "I may be a beggar in dress," replied Yi Mongyong, "but I have
no beggar's heart!" "Dear heart," said Ch'unhyang, "how hard your journey must have been. Go back with
my mother and get some rest. Only please - since I am under a sentence of death and must die tomorrow
after the feast - come to my window again in the morning so I may have the joy of seeing you once more
before I die." Yi Mongyong went home and slept in Ch'unhyang's room. But the next morning, when his
mother-in-law opened the door, she was surprised to find that he was gone. In fact, he had gone early to
collect his attendants, all disguised as beggars like himself. He gave them strict orders. Then, as the
magistrate received his guests and presided over the banquet, Yi Mongyong managed to get into the palatial
office compound and approach the host. "I am a poor man," he said, "and I am hungry. Please, give me
something to eat." It was customary in Korea, during big feasts in the countryside, for a number of beggars
to show up for handouts, but the furious magistrate commanded his servants to kick the intruder out. Then
Yi Mongyong entered the palace a second time, by climbing on the shoulders of his servants and going over
the wall. The first guest he encountered was the magistrate of Unbong, named Yong-jang. He said to him, "I
am hungry, could you not let me have something?" Yong-jang, feeling some compassion called one of the
kisaengs and asked her to bring something to the beggar. Yi Mongyong then addressed Yong-Jang: I am
obliged to you for giving me good food, and I wish to repay you with a little poem." Then he extended a paper
on which Yong-jang read the lines: This beautiful wine in golden goblets Is the blood of a thousand people.

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This magnificent meat on these jade tables Is the flesh and marrow of a thousand lives. Burning in this
banquet hall, The tears of the hungry people Pour from their sunken eyes.
Even louder than the noisy song of these courtesans Resound the complaints of the oppressed peasants.
Yong-jang, greatly alarmed, cried, "It is against us," and he passed the paper to the host, who asked, "Who
wrote this poem?" "It is the young beggar," said Yong-jang, pointing to Yi Mongyong, but he was frightened,
thinking that whoever wrote such a poem must be more than a common beggar. Rising up, he suddenly
pretended to have urgent business elsewhere and fled. The other officials likewise sprang to their feet and
stampeded out of the room, only to be stopped by Yi Mongyong's men, who were waiting outside with their
swords. The officials soon understood that the beggar-poet was in fact an amhaeng osa. As they cowered
together in a corner of the courtyard, Yi Mongyong revealed his ma-p'ae and ordered the magistrate's runners
to fetch Ch'unhyang from her cell and to say to her, "The King's envoy has sent for you. He is going to hear
your case and pronounce judgement." In the jail, Ch'unhyang was greatly frightened. "Oh!" she cried. "I am
going to die! Please, may I see my mother?" Ch'unhyang's mother ran to her daughter. "Mother, now is the
hour of my death. Where is Yi Mongyong?" "The King's officer is waiting. Do not stop to chitchat!" snapped
the runners, and before Ch'unhyang's mother could speak, they carried her away to the magistrate's
courtyard. They removed the wooden cangue from around her neck and placed her in the presence of the
Royal Secret Inspector, who, sitting behind a screen, questioned her sternly: "If you do not love the
magistrate, will you love me and come to me, the King's envoy? If you refuse I shall order my men to strike
off your head immediately." "Alas!" exclaimed Ch'unhyang. "How unhappy are the poor people of this country!
First the injustice of the magistrate, then you, the King's Inspector, who should help and protect the unhappy
people - you think immediately to condemn to death a poor girl whom you desire. Oh, how sad we common
people are, and how pitiful it is to be a woman!" Yi Mongyong then ordered the courtesans to untie the cords
that bound the hands of Ch'unhyang. "Now raise your head, and look at me," he said to her. "No," she
answered, "I shall not look at you, I shall not listen to you. Cut my body into pieces if you like, but I shall never
go to you." Yi Mongyong was deeply touched. He took off his ring and ordered a courtesan to show it to
Ch'unhyang. She saw that was the very ring she had given to her husband Yi Mongyong and, lifting her eyes,
recognized her lover. "Oh," she cried in joy and surprise. "Yesterday my lover was only a beggar and today
he is the King's officer!" Yi Mongyong ordered a sedan chair to be brought at once and saw that Ch'unhyang
was safely carried home. The people shouted joyfully and cheered for Ch'unhyang and Yi Mongyong. Then
he summoned the magistrate of Namwon and said, "The King gave you instructions to feed the people well,
and instead you fed upon them. I condemn you in the name of the King to forfeit your position. I banish you
to a faraway island without meat, without wine, and without company. I give you permission to eat the wild
grass till your stomach repents for the way you have fed off the people of Namwon!" When all this was done,
Yi Mongyong took his bride back to Seoul and wrote out the story Ch'unhyang as an appendix to his official
report. The King read it and was surprised to find such fidelity in a country girl of low birth. He made her a
chung-yol puin, or Duchess, and declared that her loyalty was proof that she was just as good as any yangban
daughter, even though her mother was a lowly kisaeng, and that her conduct should be a model for all women.
Ch'unhyang was then officially presented to the parents of Yi Mongyong, and they accepted her as a proper
daughter-in-law. In time, Ch'unhyang bore three sons and two daughters, and they all lived happily for many
years come.

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 Did you like the story? Perhaps you are enjoying while reading
the love story between Chu’nhyang and Yi Mong Yong. To start
deepening your understanding of the text, here are some questions that
you need to answer based on the selection you have read.
Are you ready?
Okay! Let us start now.

 NOTE: Always remember that in every activity, you must write your answers in your
notebook.

Process Questions:
1. Who are the main and supporting characters in the story?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
2. Where did the story happen?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
3. Why did YI Mong Yong pretend to be a beggar?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
4. How are this magistrate discovered that the beggar was an amhaengosa?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
5. How did Yi Mong Yong overthrow the new magistrate?

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 EXAMPLES

Before we proceed to the first activity, here are examples of

Direct and Indirect Characterization. Read and understand how Direct
and Indirect Characterization differ from one another.

Characterization is the way writers describe characters. You learn about a character’s qualities
and personality, based on these descriptions such as whether the character is friendly or unkind.
There are two types of characterization. These are:

1. Direct Characterization is where the writers make a statements about a character.

Example:
"This is my token of love for you. Keep it until we meet again. Go in peace, but do not forget
me. I shall remain faithful to you and wait here for you to come and take me away to Seoul."

The writer has stated that Yi Mong Yong is being faithful to Ch’unhyang.

2. Indirect Characterization is where the writers show the character’s thoughts, words, and
actions. They also show what other characters say and think about a certain character.

Example:
“What a pig her husband is! He abandoned the poor girl." These comments made Yi
Mongyong, weary and ashamed, hasten to Namwon.

The example above shows that the writer did not exactly tell how the character/speaker feel.
It means to say that character/speaker feels angry and pity.

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ACTIVITY 1

Use this graphic organizer to write your answers. On the first column, write the name of the
characters and their attitudes or values that were revealed in the selection. On the second column
(first box), write what are the practices/beliefs/traditions in Korea as reflected in the story. While in
the second box, write the shared practices/beliefs/traditions of Korea and Philippines.

ACTITUDE ANALYSIS OF TALE OF CH’UNHYANG

ATTITUDES/VALUES SHOWN BY THE ACTION/PRACTICES SHOWN IN THE STORY
MAIN AND SUPPORTING CHARACTERS
IN THE STORY (KOREA)

ACTION/PRACTICES SHOWN IN THE STORY

(PHILIPPINES)

In life, we face obstacles and challenges that may hinder us to

become happy. Sometimes, we even give up those we love
because we thought that we could not overcome these
challenges. Despite of these challenges, we face today, and
tomorrow, let us remain firm and strong in whatever decisions
we make. We may lose hope sometimes, but bear in mind that
God will always be there to enlighten us and give light to our
path.

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 For the questions below, you are only given 10 minutes
to answer them. Write your answers on your Answer Sheet. You
will be graded according to the rubrics below.

 NOTE: Always remember that in every activity, you must write your answers in your
notebook.

1. How can you relate the love story of Ch’unhyang and Yi Mong Yong to the real- life situation?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________
2. Do you believe that status can hinder someone to love? Why? Why not?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________

 NOTE: Always remember that in every activity, you must write your answers in your
notebook.

Directions: Write DC if the statement is a Direct Characterization and IC if the statement

is an Indirect Characterization. Write your answer on the spaces provided before the
number.

_____1. “Bill was short and fat, and his bald spot was widening with every passing year”.
_____2. “Jane is a cruel person”, she said.
_____3. “She wore a ten-carat diamond necklace everywhere she went”
_____4. “Mr. Bingley was good looking and gentleman like; he had a pleasant
countenance, and easy, unaffected manners”.
_____5. “The man’s clothes were filthy, probably since he’d been sleeping on
newspapers all night”.

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_____6. “The confident woman strode into the pub and took the usually shy Seamus by
surprise. Despite his generally reserved nature, he got the nerve to offer her his seat at
the bar”.
_____7. “John wore bell-bottoms, gold chains, platform shoes, and huge sunglasses to
the home coming dance”.
_____8. “No matter what he read, every time Dylan opened a book, he’d be snoring in
five minutes”.
____9. “When she heard her baby crying last night, she just stopped her
work and turned off her iPod”.
_____10. “I looked in the mirror and saw how dark the circles under my green eyes had
become”.
Directions: Read and understand the following statements below then choose and write
the letter of the correct answer.

1. What specific moral values is mostly emphasized in the story?

a. Bitterness and Hope
b. Greediness and corruption.
c. Loyalty and faithfulness
d. Patience and greediness
2. What is the main theme of the story “The Tale of Ch’unhyang”?
a. Learn to appreciate a man and his words of wisdom.
b. Listen to what others say because they know a thing.
c. Love is the greatest thing that a man can offer.
d. Loyalty towards your love one is a guarantee to a life-long relationship.
3. It is the story of a faithful wife sacrificing her life for her love towards her husband.
a. Girl in The Rain
b. The Tale of Chu’nhyang
c. The Tale of Korea
d. The Tale of the Woodcutter
4. The following are characters in the story “Tale of Ch’unhyang” except ______.
a. Chu’nhyang’s mother
b. Namwon
c. Pangja
d. Yi Mong Yong
5. Who are the main characters in the story?
a. Chu’nhyang’s mother and Chu’nhyang
b. Pangja and Yi Mong Yong
c. The New Magistrate and the people of Namwon
d. Yi Mong yong and Chu’hnyang

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