Name: Marian B.

Antipolo
Course & Year: BSA-2

Contemporary World

Module 5: Global Population and

Mobility
Topic 1: Global Cities

Process Questions
1. What is globalization in connection with the topic global city?
- The phrase "global village" is frequently used to describe the modern world. In
actuality, it is far more of a "global hub" as most of the world's nations lack the
economic productivity and worldwide network significance of many of the world's
metropolises, in which more over half of the world's population now resides (albeit
frequently in subpar circumstances). Additionally, these cities are becoming more
similar in appearance, creating a global area that is becoming harder to identify
between continents. Because the modern city is now the main example of
globalization in existence today, it is a worldwide network of multifaceted spaces of
congested in which both defines and forms it that makes up the modern city.

2. How does globalization affect global cities and vice versa?

- It has been determined that when people, goods, ideas, images, lifestyles, policies,
and money travel more often across national and international boundaries, there is
also an increase in macro- and micro-urban changes as a result of this phenomenon.
Conclusions were drawn regarding the effect of globalization on a variety of
geographical, economic, and social patterns. Cities are then affected, although not
always in the same way as the underlying spatial relationships.

3. What is the meaning of “engines of globalization?”

- Cities are viewed as the hubs of invention and dissemination, the "engines" of
economic expansion, and the sites of the economic activities that fuel globalization.
Cities are viewed as the sites where the four forms of globalization—economic,
cultural, political, and social—are created and replicated (Taylor 2005).
Globalization is fueled by urban centers. Growing more and more quickly, they are
social magnets. Urban living has supplanted rural life as the predominant way for
people to live globally in the present age.

Answer the following questions:

1. What are global cities?
• Also called world city or sometimes alpha city or world center, global city is a city which is
the primary node in the global economic network.
2. What are the characteristics of a global city?
● A variety of international financial services, notably in finance, insurance, real estate, banking,
accountancy, and marketing.
● Headquarters of several multinational corporations.
● The existence of financial headquarters, a stock exchange, and major financial
institutions.
● Domination of the trade and economy of a large surrounding area.
● Major manufacturing centers with port and container facilities.
● Considerable decision-making power on a daily basis and at a global level.
● Centers of new ideas and innovation in business, economics, culture, and
politics.
● Centers of media and communication for global networks.
● Dominance of the national region with great international significance.
● High percentage of residents employed in the services sector and information
sector.
● High-quality educational institutions, including renowned universities, international student
attendance, and research facilities.
● Multifunctional infrastructure offering some of the best legal, medical, and entertainment
facilities in the country
● High diversity in language, culture, region and ideologies.

3. What are the reasons for an increasing occurrence of global cities?

- The increase in global cities is linked to the globalization of economics and the centralization of
mass production within urban centers. The two factors have led to the emergence of networks of
activities that seek to fulfill the service and financial requirements of multinationals. The cities
grow to become global while others suffer deindustrialization or stagnation of their economies.

4. Why is globalization a spatial phenomenon?

• “Cultural Diversity is detected on the surface as ‘cosmopolitan feel.” The result is
cosmopolitan consumption, cosmopolitan work culture, global networking, and global
transnational community relations”. Cosmopolitanism is a phenomenon mostly associated
with the global city. Large diverse cities attract people, material, and cultural products
from all over the world. It usually evokes pleasant images of travel, exploration, and
“worldly” pursuit by the “citizens of the world”.

5. How do cities serve as engines of globalization?

5.1 Global cities provide spaces for industries that produce commodities and firms that provide
services such as accounting, banking, and information processing, among others.
5.2 Global cities offer convenience through proximity and just-in-time production of products and
services.
I.Direction: Classify the given global cities below the table as to its category.
LONDON MADRID FRANKFURT SYDNEY MIAMI ZURICH BANGKOK SÃO
PAULO MEXICO CITY LOS ANGELES PARIS SINGAPORE NEW
YORK TOKYO SEOUL TAIPEI AMSTERDAM

First Tier Second Tier Third Tier

LONDON FRANKFURT AMSTERDAM

NEW YORK LOS ANGELES BANGKOK
TOKYO SÃO PAULO MADRID
SINGAPORE MEXICO CITY
ZURICH MIAMI
PARIS TAIPEI
SEOUL
SYDNEY

II. Direction: Unscramble the letters to form the right word.

1. A phenomenon mostly associated with the global city

OMISONPITLAMSCO - COSMOPOLITANISM

2. Category of the global city that is based on the level of their multinational articulations

CEOSDN ERTI - SECOND TIER

3. A city which is the primary node in the global economic network

LGOBLA TCYI - GLOBAL CITY

4. A global city which belongs to the third tier

TMESDMAAR - AMSTERDAM

5. Another term for global city

LAPHA YCTI - ALPHA CITY

Assignment
I. Perform the following activity:
Instructions:
1. Form groups with five members.
2. Check your city/town map and learn about its different districts.
 3. Then either drive or take a bus/jeepney around the city/town to check out these districts. As you
go around, write down what you think are the features and characteristics of each district. Note
the following:
a. The kinds of homes- The kinds of homes around surigao city based on what I observed:
b. The way the neighborhoods are organized (gated residences, open
residences, non-gated houses, etc.)
c. The kinds of people you notice in these neighborhoods (what you think
their occupations are, how they dress, how they treat each other, the
languages they speak, even the food they eat

4. When doing a comparison of these districts, the students will answer the following questions:
a. The differences between these districts are quite obvious, can you spot any similarities?
b. How do these districts complement or compete against each other?

Topic 2: Global Demography

Process Questions
1. What do you think are the factors that would affect demographic transition?
- Various include variations in the economic variables that determine the timing and rate of these
demographic change drivers, such as fertility and death rates, urbanization, migration patterns,
and population growth rates across time. Declines in fertility and death during the demographic
transition lead to significant alterations in the age structure of a population. Generally speaking,
age structures in early-transition nations are younger than those in later-transition ones.

2. Do you believe in the neo-Malthusian argument? Why?

- Based on information that was given in the module and further research, a neo-
Malthusian theory is defined as the fear that a large population size could lead to a
humanitarian and ecological disaster. Yes, I agree with the neo-Malthusian theory because
it has a possible implication because of overpopulation for a country, especially for the
developing countries around the globe. For example, India's population is one of the largest
populations in the world. They are leading by a second. Going back to the start of the
pandemic, everything changed in just a snap, and a lot of people all over the world were
affected by the COVID-19 variant. Every hospital and other health facility was full, and the
governments of each country decided to keep everyone at home, with those employees who
could help being forced to help due to a lack of employees. It was all over the news and
internet that the health facilities of India weren't able to take action and help everyone
because they were lacking in facilities and medical employees, and also because a lot got
infected, thinking their country's population wouldn't get equal medical attention and
action.

3. How can technology and interventions in development offset the pressures of population growth?
- Technology and development initiatives can assist reduce population growth constraints as the
world's population increases by enhancing human wellbeing and establishing a sustainable future.
Commodities will become more available and inexpensive as the population expands, making a life
more feasible. Population expansion may be countered by technology. Even with the population
growing quickly, technology can still provide methods to make life easier. According to the
population, it can provide jobs. Additionally, it can offer a population-growth solution. Many
solutions to counteract population rise can be found in technological advancements.

4. Under what circumstances is rapid population growth beneficial to societies?

- In conjunction with rural-to-urban migration, population expansion raises density and
boosts urban agglomeration. And since big cities foster innovation and raise economies of
scale, this is crucial for attaining continuous growth. More people mean more employees in
various professions, more economic growth, more taxpayers money, more money, greater
variety, and more participation in certain initiatives.

Assessment
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which continent has the highest growth rate?
a. Africa
b. Asia
c. Europe
d. South America

2. Which continent has the largest population?

a. North America
b. Africa
c. Asia
d. Europe

3. The Malthusian Theory, attributed to Thomas Malthus, states that

a. population will continue to grow unchecked.
b. population grows in a linear fashion and would exceed food production.
c. food supply would keep pace with population growth.
d. population increases in an exponential manner while food supply can only increase in a
linear, or straight line fashion.
e. all of the above

4. Population growth is highest in countries that are

a. industrialized.
b. resource-rich.
c. in the early and late expanding stages of the demographic transition.
d. are extremely poor with both high birth and death rates.
e. all of the above

5. Fertility is
a. the number of live births in a given year.
b. used to assess the health of a population.
c. the incidence of child bearing in a country's population.
d. the maximum possible number of children that can be born each year.
6. Who predicted that population would increase by geometric progression, while food production would
increase in arithmetic progression?
a. Emile Durkheim
b. Jean Gottman
c. Ferdinand Tönnies
d. Thomas Robert Malthus

7. The three main factors that cause population change to a specified area are
a. births, deaths, and marriage.
b. births, deaths, and migration.
c. births, deaths, and life expectancy.
d. none of the above

8. What causes overpopulation?

a.Lack of technology in the productive process
b.Poverty
c.Immigration
d. Poor family planning
e. All of the above

9. What are some of the problems of overpopulation?

a. Crime and greed
b. Low standard of living and a stagnant way of life
c. Death
d. Destruction of the ozone layer
e. None of the Above

10. What happens if there are more births than deaths in a country?
a. The population decreases.
b. The population stays the same but there are more children.
c. This results in an increase in population.
d. None of the above

Do the following items:

1. Do advanced research and read on the following topics:

a. Migration
b. Benefits and Detriments for the Sending Countries
c. The Problem of Human Trafficking
d. Integration

2. Answer the following:

a. Why are migrants mostly beneficial for receiving countries?
- Many people have the impression that immigrants are pleasant and industrious people who would
make good citizens in their new country. Even if you have access to the whole range of human
variation inside your own society, as a result. The primary reason that migrants are favourably
perceived is that crossing borders is challenging.

b. What are the benefits and detriments of economies dependent on migrant remittances?
- Remittances are money sent back to a family after a migrant leaves, enhancing their level of
living. Having fewer workers available due to migration is one of the drawbacks.

c. Why is migrant integration a challenging issue for states?

- Integration of migrants is a challenging subject for governments since upon arrival, they may
have difficulties in finding housing, employment, or access to health care. They are frequently made
into easy prey for maltreatment, extortion, and exploitation since they lack a strong support system
of family members, information, or paperwork.

d. How do migrants prompt xenophobia and racism in receiving countries?

- The growing belief among citizens of the immigration-receiving country that immigrants are
strangers who must be distinguished from native citizens. This demonstrates skepticism against
embracing immigrants since they are perceived as insurrectionists and criminals who are vile, evil,
destitute, and ignorant. This idea fuels prejudice and xenophobia in the host nation.

Topic 3: Global Migration

Process Questions

1. In your own perspective, do you think global migration helps your country? Why?
- Desire for better living circumstances and new opportunities is a common driver of
migration. The Philippine peso's strength as a result of higher remittances from our
emigrants benefits our nation in several ways, including by enabling the country to continue
running balance-of-payments deficits and financing debt repayments.

2. Based on what you’ve learned about human trafficking, do you think is it possible to be resolved,
if yes, how, if not, why?
- With millions of victims each year, human trafficking is still a major problem on a global
scale. Among the most lucrative forms of trade worldwide continues to be human
trafficking. However, a growing number of non-governmental organizations, grassroots
initiatives, non-profits, governments, and advocacy groups are taking increasingly resolute
positions against the global trafficking in human beings industry.

3. Referring to what you have discussed, how does global migration complement the economic
well-being of the state?
- Migration and remittances help the sending country's economy flourish by increasing
income, lowering unemployment, and improving health and educational outcomes. But for
immigrants and their families, these advancements can have a significant societal cost.

Synthesis
● Why are migrants mostly beneficial for receiving countries?
 - Many people have the impression that immigrants are pleasant and industrious people who
would make good citizens in their new country. Even if you have access to the whole range of
human variation inside your own society, as a result. The primary reason that migrants are
favourably perceived is that crossing borders is challenging.

● What are the benefits and detriments of economies dependent on migration remittances?
- Remittances are money sent back to a family after a migrant leaves, enhancing their level of
living. Having fewer workers available due to migration is one of the drawbacks.

● Why do you think that most global migration is likely to happen from developing countries to
developed ones?

Assessment
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. stnemssessA
1. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
Statement 1: Push factors are factors that help migrants decide to leave their home.
Statement 2: Pull factors are factors that propel people in area where immigrants are not going.
a. Both statements are correct.
b. Both statements are incorrect.

2. It refers to lack of employment or opportunities or differentials in employment and wages; the lure of
well-paid jobs in a wealthy country is a powerful driver of international migration.
a. Political reasons
b. Economic reasons
c. Social factors
d. Cultural factors

3. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Statement 1: Most global migration is from developed countries to developing ones.
Statement 2: Global migration is a situation in which people go to live in foreign countries.
a. Only statement 1 is incorrect.
b. Only statement 2 is incorrect.
c. Both statements are correct.
d. Both statements are incorrect.

4. The following are pull factors, except

a. Better working conditions
b. High standard of living
c. Attractive compensation package
d. Unemployment

5. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Statement 1: Internal migration refers to people moving from one area to another within one country.
Statement 2: International migration, in which people cross borders of one country to another.
a. Only statement 1 is incorrect.
b. Only statement 2 is incorrect.
c. Both statements are correct.
d. Both statements are incorrect.

6. Which of the following statements is correct about political factors?

a. The unattractiveness of agricultural activities, disasters, lack of basic
amenities and industrial ventures in countries has also encouraged
international migration.
b. Lack of employment or opportunities or differentials in employment and
wages; the lure of well-paid jobs in a wealthy country is a powerful driver of international migration.
c. Socially factors are things that affect someone’s lifestyle. These could include wealth, religion, buying
habits, educational level, family size and structure and population density.
d. The idea of culture is vital to understanding the implications for translation and despite the differences
of opinion as to whether language is a part of culture or not, the two are connected. Culture ranges are
from syntax, ideologies, religion, language and dialect, to art and literacy.

7. Global migration is “siphoning...qualified personnel, [and] removing dynamic young workers. This
process had often been referred to as?
a. Overpopulation
b. Unemployment
c. Brain drain
d. Globalization

8. The United States Federal Bureau of Investigation lists it as the third largest criminal
activity worldwide. What criminal activity is it?
a. Staffa
b. Smuggling
c. Child labor
d. Human trafficking

9. Which of the following are included in push factors?

I. Unemployment
II. Corruption
III. Political crisis
IV. Minimum wages
V. Better working conditions
VI. High standard of living

a. I, II, III, V, VI
b. I II, III, IV
c. I,II,IV,V
d. I, II, III, VI

10. This refers to those “unable or unwilling to return because of a well-founded fear of prosecution on
account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.” This
is often referred to as asylum-seekers.
a. Immigrants
b. Illegal migrants
c. Refugees
d. Emigrants

Assignment
Do the activity following the instructions.
Instruction: Do a survey in your neighborhood and ask families about their relatives (parents, children,
uncles, aunts, cousin, etc.) who had migrated or worked abroad. List down who they are, where they
migrated or are working, and for how long they have been there. Your goal is to map your neighborhood
and determine how much of the families there are reliant on
relatives living and/or working abroad. After finishing your census, do a second survey to determine how
different homes are supported by immigrants/migrant workers. Check the architecture of the homes, the
way to your neighborhood, their vehicles, etc.

In class, compare your own survey with that of your classmates and ask yourself the
following questions:
1. What has changed in your communities because of global migration?
- Based on my observations of households who depend financially on OFWs or relatives who
have gone to other nations. These individuals were able to make an investment through
home renovations and improvements, business creation, and the purchase of vehicles for
their present and future needs thanks to global migration, which also enabled them to work
abroad and earn an income that was much more respectable and sufficient to support
themselves and their families. These folks benefited much from global mobility, but one of
the side consequences of the migration is the distance in their connections.

2. How are people coping with the visit and return of the immigrants?
- They are thrilled and grateful that they were able to reunite, see one other, and engage with
them physically when their family visit them in the Philippines and at their residence.
Filipinos are also well-known for their unique Balik Bayan boxes. A frequent occurrence is
when a relative pays them a visit at home. Everyone, even their neighbors, will gain from
the gift that these relatives will give.

3. What changed among the immigrants/overseas workers when they went back (or visited) home?
- The majority of the time, people's physical appearances change, but when it comes to their
attitudes, I've noticed that some have improved and developed independence because of
how long they worked to other countries by themselves. These immigrants are proud of
what they did for their families and how much they helped them financially. Filipinos are
therefore a very loving and hardworking community.

Reflection Guide
1. What have I LEARNED this day that has helped me do all aspects of this better?
4. Presently I learnt about internal and external migration, the two forms of migration that
make up worldwide migration.

2. What have I DONE this week that has made me better at doing all aspects of this?
5. I read and learned from this module the topics that is related to what is happening right
now all over the world.
 3. How can I IMPROVE at doing all aspects of this?
6. By learning more from this modules and applying the learnings.

Expanded Opportuunities
For Topic 3:
Do the following:
1. Conduct an interview of a Filipino citizen who migrated to the foreign countries through chat.
2. Ask the effects of migration as to process and lifestyle, livelihood, and economic aspects.
3. Document the interview and submit to the teacher. Criteria will be used to grade your output.

Name: Confidential
Age: 78
Duration being an immigrant: 9-10 years (started in 2013)

Questionnaires that was asked:

1) Were you able to get used to the life that a foreign country has?
2) Is it hard to process your papers to get to where you are right now?
3) What’s your lifestyle in terms of occupation?
4) comparison of your lifestyle before here in the Philippines and right now, where you are
5) What is your occupation?
6) How hard is it to get a job in that country?
7) Is your job paying you enough or not enough?
8) What is your economic status?
9) How are you feeling right now?