Greek to GCSE Part 1 (2016 Revised edition) [revised 27.7.

18]
Chapter 3
Exercise 3.1 Exercise 3.2
1 του ἀνθρωπου 1 τῳ ξενῳ
2 της σοφιας 2 τῳ ἐργῳ
3 του δενδρου 3 τοις ὁπλοις
4 των συμμαχων 4 ταις ἡμεραις
5 των κορων 5 τοις φιλοις

Exercise 3.3
1 The slave runs from the house towards the market-place.
2 There is a slave in the prison.
3 The army goes into danger.
4 The foreigners run out of the prison.
5 There are laws in war.
6 We free the horses from danger.
7 The army goes out of the camp.
8 I am sending the girl to the market-place.
9 You carry the prizes out of the house into the temple.
10 The temple is in the village.

Exercise 3.4
1 The general’s horse runs away.
2 You are learning the words of the teacher
3 The laws of the gods teach men.
4 We hear the words of the messenger.
5 We are going to the temple of the goddess.

Exercise 3.5
1 ὁ του διδασκαλου δουλος φευγει.
2 ἀκουω την της θεας φωνην.
3 τους του ἀγγελου λογους μανθανεις.
4 τα του ναυτικου πλοια φυλασσει την κωμην.
5 λυομεν τας του στρατοπεδου πυλας.

Exercise 3.6
1 The gifts are in the house.
2 The girls learn the work.
3 The allies’ fleet has victory.
4 The general is carrying the weapons.
5 The army is in the camp.
6 The messenger sends the gift.
7 The allies run towards the camp.
8 The friends take the prizes.
9 Both the gods and the goddesses have gifts.
10 The victory of the fleet safeguards the country.

Exercise 3.7
1 Flee, slave!
2 Chase the slave, friends!
3 Allies, find the weapons!
4 Teach, teacher!
5 Bring the prizes, generals!

Exercise 3.8
1 λυετε τους ἱππους, ὠ φιλοι.
2 ἐπιστολην γραφε, ὠ δουλε.
3 μενετε, ὠ συμμαχοι.
4 τασσε τον στρατον, ὠ στρατηγε.
5 ἀκουε τους λογους, ὠ διδασκαλε.

Exercise 3.9
1 The words of the messenger now persuade the people.
2 The general’s horse is there.
3 The stranger listens to the general.
4 The allies often die in the sea-battles.
5 The slaves are leading the horse to the river.
6 The goddess teaches men wisdom.
7 Always learn the words, friends!
8 The teacher does not believe the letter.
9 I am getting to know the voices of the allies.
10 The stranger provides a plan for the sea-battle.

Exercise 3.10 Exercise 3.11

1 to carry 1 κελευειν
2 to trust 2 γιγνωσκειν
3 to stay
3 πειθειν
4 to provide
5 to chase 4 ἀποθνῃσκειν
5 παρεχειν
Exercise 3.12
1 The messengers persuade the army to flee.
2 The general orders the slaves to run.
3 The army is not willing to remain in danger.
4 Persuade the allies to trust the messenger, general!
5 We wish to guard the laws always.

Exercise 3.13
1 The task of the allies is difficult.
2 The messenger teaches the foreigners new words.
3 Victory is beautiful.
4 The new horse is small.
5 The river is not dangerous.
6 The plan is bad.
7 The country remains free.
8 The foreigners are enemies.
9 The god has fine gifts.
10 War is terrible.

Exercise 3.14
1 ὁ θεος σοφος ἐστιν.
2 οἱ λογοι δεινοι εἰσιν.
3 ὁ κακος δουλος φευγει.
4 το νεον στρατοπεδον ἀγαθον ἐστιν.
5 οἱ συμμαχοι ἀνδρειοι εἰσιν.

Exercise 3.15
1 The army guards the country bravely.
2 The messenger speaks finely.
3 The teacher is wise and teaches wisely.
4 The slave leads the horses dangerously.
5 The god provides the gifts freely.

Exercise 3.16 How the Locrians make laws (1)

The Locrians still have their old laws. For they always guard the laws of their ancestors. If someone
wishes to produce a new law, he has his neck in a noose. Then he speaks about the law. If he speaks
wisely, and the law is useful, and the assembly of the Locrians wishes to have the new law, the man has
praise and goes away. But if the law is both bad and dangerous, the Locrians pull on the noose and kill
the man. Therefore fear hinders the Locrians. For the danger of death is terrible. They do not often hear
about new laws. In 200 years there is one new law.

Exercise 3.17 How the Locrians make laws (2)

The Locrians, if someone knocks out an eye, force the man to provide an eye to knock out in return. A
certain Locrian has a single eye. An enemy knocks out his eye. In this way the man does not have an
eye. Therefore he wishes to produce a new law. For he does not have fear, because his life is now not
worth living. He therefore has his neck in the noose, and speaks about the law.
‘If someone knocks out the eye of a one-eyed man, it is necessary to provide both his eyes to knock
out in return. Therefore both the men suffer in the same way.’ The man speaks wisely, and the law is
useful. The assembly of the Locrians wishes to have the new law. Therefore the enemy of the one-eyed
man provides both his eyes to knock out in return. The one-eyed man has praise and goes away, and the
Locrians now have a new law.

1 he must provide [1] both eyes [1] to knock out in return [1]
2 both men [1] suffer [1] in the same way [1]
3 the man speaks wisely [1] the law is useful [1] the Locrian assembly wishes [1] to have the
new law [1]
4 he provides [1] both eyes [1] to knock out in return [1]
5 he has praise [1] and goes away [1]
Exercise 3.18
1 we shall stop 6 you (sg) will send
2 you (pl) will release 7 I shall lead
3 I shall leave 8 we shall teach
4 they will persuade 9 you (sg) will stop
5 he will chase 10 he will release

Exercise 3.19
1 The brave stranger will release the horse.
2 Evening will not stop the assembly.
3 The general will chase the bad slaves.
4 The teacher will send the letter.
5 The allies will always persuade the people.
6 I shall not trust the general’s horse.
7 The messenger will speak the words of the god beautifully.
8 I shall lead the army to the river.
9 We shall leave the camp.
10 You will unfasten the small gate.

Exercise 3.20 Exercise 3.21

1 λυσει 1 ἐλυον
2 παυσομεν 2 ἐδιωκομεν
3 ἀξετε 3 ἐφευγετε
4 γραψουσι(ν) 4 ἐλειπον
5 διωξεις 5 ἐπεμπες

Exercise 3.22
1 The slave was releasing the fine horse.
2 The messenger was speaking new words wisely.
3 You were sending the letters.
4 The girl was carrying the prizes.
5 The stranger was persuading the people.
6 The allies were bravely guarding the camp.
7 You were learning the work.
8 The general’s slave was running away.
9 The horses were running towards the river.
10 We were guarding the door of the house.

Exercise 3.23
1 ἐπαυον I was stopping
2 ἐπεμπομεν we were sending
3 ἐδιωκον they were chasing
4 ἐφυλασσες you were guarding
5 ἐμανθανε(ν) he was learning

Exercise 3.24
1 We were there for ten hours.
2 The danger was terrible, but it is now small.
3 The allies were guarding the camp for five days.
4 The messengers were always brave.
5 You were wise, friend.
6 We were learning the words.
7 The allies’ messenger was a foreigner.
8 You were wise and you are wise now, friends.
9 We often used to go to the small village.
10 The danger of war was terrible.

Exercise 3.25
1 δουλοι ἠμεν.
2 ὁ στρατηγος σοφος ἠν.
3 ὁ σοφος στρατηγος πεντε ὡρας ἐλεγεν.
4 συμμαχος ἀει ἠσθα.
5 οἱ του ἀγγελου λογοι νεοι ἠσαν.

Exercise 3.26
1 The messenger was going into the assembly.
2 There were beautiful trees in the village.
3 Send the gifts into the house, friend!
4 The brave allies were often in danger.
5 I shall send the boats to the river.
6 The girls were running out of the market-place.
7 We stayed in the camp for ten days.
8 The stranger was a slave, but now is free.
9 We admired the voice of the god.
10 You were wisely getting to know the words.

Exercise 3.27 (for example)

1 anthropology 6 Neolithic
2 philosophy 7 hieroglyphics
3 democracy 8 microphone
4 ecology 9 theology
5 strategy 10 ergonomic

Exercise 3.28
1 ὁ νεος δουλος ἐφερε τα δωρα εἰς την οἰκιαν.
2 οἱ συμμαχοι ἀνδρειοι μεν ἠσαν, σοφοι δε οὐ.
3 τους ἱππους προς τον ποταμον διωξομεν.
4 ἐφυλασσες την της οἰκιας θυραν.
5 ὁ στρατηγος ἐτασσε το τε ναυτικον και τους συμμαχους.

Exercise 3.29
1 Were the words wise?
2 Where is the door?
3 Was the horse beautiful?
4 How were you writing the letters?
5 Are you guarding the village?
6 I was often bad; but now I am always good.
7 Were you learning the words?
8 How shall we send a letter out of the prison?
9 When was the sea-battle?
10 Do you hear the slave’s shout?

Exercise 3.30
1 που ἐσμεν;
2 πως ἐμανθανετε τους λογους;
3 ἀρα σοφος ἐστιν ὁ στρατηγος;
4 ποτε ἐφερετε τα ἀθλα;
5 ἀρα ἐδιδασκες τους δουλους;

Exercise 3.31 Athenian Wit

Stratonicus was an Athenian and a wit. He was going to Maronea with his friends. ‘I was not in
Maronea before. But, friends, cover my eyes and lead me around the village, and I will say exactly
where we are.’ Therefore his friends were leading Stratonicus around the village. ‘Where are we? Do
you know?’ ‘In front of the pub’ ‘We are in front of the pub. But how do you know?’ ‘Because there is
nothing in Maronea except pubs.’