Technical Standard - TS

Title: Anchor Bolts & Fixings Reference: GTL-43-07

Revision: 4
Effective date: 20/08/2020
Total pages: 23
Revision date: 20/08/2023
Classification: Public

Custodian: Signature Date

Projects Services Manager- Hussain Abdulla H A Al- Digital signature 20/08/2020

Sada verified

Approved by:

Chief Engineering and Projects Officer- Ali Abdulrahman Digital signature 20/08/2020
A A Al-Mohannadi verified

Endorsed By

Sr. No. Endorsed By Endorsed Date

1 Head of Quality- Mooza Abdulla 20/08/2020

Mubarak A Ali
2 Lead Discipline Engineering- Khemais 20/08/2020
Besbes

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 Reviewed By

Sr. No. Reviewed By Position Reviewed Comments

Date
1 Melvin Bryan Arellano Chief Secretary 26/07/2020 [Action Taken - Review
Ebreo Started]This Technical
Standard has been updated as
per the new Technical Standard
Template only. No revision to
its contents. Please review and
accept. Currently, the CDMS
document Viewer is not working
properly. Kindly download the
softcopy if you want to view the
document on its original format.
2 Khemais Besbes Lead Discipline 26/07/2020 [Action Taken - Approved]
Engineering
3 Arif Harjanto Djanatin Senior Civil 27/07/2020 [Action Taken - Approved]
Engineer
4 Hussain Abdulla H A Projects Services 09/08/2020 [Action Taken - Approved]
Al-Sada Manager
5 Ali Khedher Projects Manager 12/08/2020 [Action Taken - Approved]
6 Omer Farooq Integrated 16/08/2020 [Action Taken - Approved]
Management
Specialist
7 Melvin Bryan Arellano Chief Secretary 16/08/2020 [Action Taken - Review
Ebreo Completed]No comment.

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Content
Page
1 Supporting Clauses ...................................................................................................................2
2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................7
3 Anchor Bolts & Fixings...............................................................................................................7
4 Roles and Responsibilities.......................................................................................................22
5 Authorisation............................................................................................................................23
6 Revisions .................................................................................................................................23

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1 Supporting Clauses

1.1 Scope
This Standard specifies the criteria for selection and design of anchor bolts and fixings, for equipment
and structural steelwork applicable throughout ORYX GTL Plant, Ras Laffan, State of Qatar.

1.1.1 Purpose

The purpose of this document is to provide material specifications along with design capacity and
installation requirements for various anchor types.

1.1.2 Applicability

This document shall apply throughout ORYX GTL for Civil, Structural, Mechanical, Electrical,
Instrumentation, Telecom, Piping and Pipeline Engineering Disciplines including Production,
Maintenance, Technical, Projects & Projects Services and HSE departments.

1.2 Normative/Informative References

Parties using this document shall apply the most recent edition including their Amendments and
National Annexure wherever applicable for the documents listed herein.
1.2.1 Normative
International Codes:

Code/Standard
Title of Document
No/Rev/Date

British Standards and

European Norms including
their National Annex:

BS 3643-1:2007 ISO metric screw threads. Part 1: Principles and basic data

BS 3643-2:2007 ISO metric screw threads. Part 2: Specification for selected limits of size

BS 3692:2014 ISO metric precision hexagon bolts, screws and nuts - Specification

BS 4190:2014 ISO metric black hexagon bolts, screws and nuts - Specification

BS 4320:1968 Specification for Metal washers for general engineering purposes metric
series

BS 4449:2005+A3:2016 Steel for the reinforcement of concrete - Weldable reinforcing steel -

Bar, coil and decoiled product - Specification

BS 8004:2015 Code of practice for foundations

BS 8539:2012 Code of practice for the selection and installation of post-installed

anchors in concrete and masonry

BS EN 1011-1:2009 Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 1:

General guidance for arc welding

BS EN 1011-2:2001 Welding - Recommendations for welding of metallic materials - Part 2:

Arc welding of ferritic steels

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BS EN 1992-1-1: Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and
2004+A1:2014 rules for buildings

BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-1: General rules and
+A1:2014 rules for buildings

BS EN 1993-1-5:2006 Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-5: Plated structural

elements

BS EN 1993-1-8:2005 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-8: Design of joints

BS EN 1993-1-10:2005 Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures - Part 1-10: Material toughness

and through-thickness properties

BS EN 1993-5:2007 Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 5: Piling

BS EN 1993-6:2007 Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 6: Crane supporting

structures

BS EN 10025-1:2004 Hot rolled products of structural steels – Part 1: General technical

delivery conditions

BS EN 10025-2:2004 Hot rolled products of structural steels – Part 2: Technical delivery

conditions for non-alloy structural steels

BS EN 10027-1:2016 Designation systems for steels. Part 1: Steel names

BS EN 10027-2:2015 Designation systems for steels. Part 2: Numerical system

BS EN 13391:2004 Mechanical tests for post-tensioning systems

BS EN ISO 3766:2003 Construction drawings - Simplified representation of concrete

reinforcement

Other Standards:

Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14) and

ACI 318-14
Commentary (ACI 318R-14)

American Petroleum Institute – Recommended Practice for Machinery

API 686:2009
Installation and Installation Design, Second Edition

ASTM A36/A36M – 14 Standard Specification for Carbon Structural Steel

Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for

ASTM A193/193M – 16 High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other Special
Purpose Applications

Standard Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts, Studs, and Threaded

ASTM A307 – 14
Rod 60 000 PSI Tensile Strength

Standard Specification for Anchor Bolts, Steel, 36, 55, and 105-ksi
ASTM F1554 – 15
Yield Strength

PIP STE05121:2006 Process Industry Practices Structural – Anchor Bolt Design Guide

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Reference Standards:

GTL-02-01 Units of Measurement

GTL-40-02 Wind and Earthquake Loading

GTL-40-03 Design Loading for Buildings, Equipments, Structures and Foundations

GTL-43-01 Design of Concrete Foundations, Structures and Paving

GTL-43-02 Foundations and Structures Supporting Machinery

GTL-43-06 Specification for Grouting Materials and Workmanship

GTL-46-01 Structural Steel Design

1.2.2 Informative

Should there be any conflict between this Technical Standard and the below codes / standards /
regulations / specifications and requirements, the more stringent shall apply. The User shall inform
ORYX GTL of any conflict:

 This Technical Standard

 Qatar statutory law and regulations
 RLIC Regulations
 ORYX GTL HSE Regulations
 OSHA United States Occupational Safety & Health Administration Regulations
 Approved technical exception / deviation list (as applicable)
 Amendments to National/International codes and standards
 National/International codes and standards
 Qatar Construction Specifications 2014

1.3 Definitions

Item Definition

CONTRACTOR Shall mean any person or persons, firm, partnership, corporation or

combination thereof (including its Subcontractors) employed for the
performance of services by ORYX GTL.

VENDOR Shall mean any person, firm or company having a purchase order with
the CONTRACTOR for the performance of any item of work.

OWNER Shall mean the responsible ORYX GTL representative for which
services are being rendered by the CONTRACTOR.

Plant Shall mean ORYX Gas to Liquids Facility.

Shall Refers to a requirement

Should Refers to a recommendation

May Refers to one acceptable course of action.

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1.4 Abbreviations and Acronyms

Abbreviations Expanded Name

/Acronyms

ACI American Concrete Institute

API American Petroleum Institute

ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials

BCD Bolt Circle Diameter

BS British Standard

BS EN British Standard European Norm

crs Centers

dia Diameter

e.g. Example

GTL Gas to Liquid

H.D. Holding Down

HSE Health, Safety, and Environment

IMS Integrated Management System

ISO International Organisation for Standardisation

kN Kilonewton

mm Milimeter

MPa Megapascal; equivalent to N/mm2

No. Number

PIP Process Industry Practices

RLIC Ras Laffan Industrial City

1.5 Implementation Date

The implementation date is July 2020.

1.6 Process for Monitoring

The Custodian of the Document along with other Users within ORYX GTL shall monitor compliance
with the requirements of this Standard. Any revision to the Standard shall be processed in accordance
with ORYX GTL- IMS Procedure for “Update Engineering Technical Standards”.

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1.7 Related/Supporting Documents

GTL-40-03 Design Loading for Buildings, Equipments, Structures and Foundations
GTL-43-01 Design of Concrete Foundations, Structures and Paving
GTL-43-02 Foundations and Structures Supporting Machinery
GTL-46-01 Structural Steel Design

1.8 Key Words

Anchor Bolt, Base Plate, Capacity, Concrete.

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2 Introduction
This document provides guidelines for design and application of various types of anchor bolts and their
fixing details within the ORYX GTL Plant.

3 Anchor Bolts & Fixings

3.1 General
Plant equipment and steel structures are subjected to wind, thermal or vibratory forces which may
produce tension and shear on the foundation anchor bolts and must be securely anchored to their
foundation supports with adequate factors of safety.
Anchor bolts are not designed to be pretensioned unless noted otherwise on the detail drawings. Nuts
shall be tightened to a "snug fit" and then locked with a lock nut where specified on the detail
drawings.

3.2 Selection of Anchor Bolt Types

3.2.1 Anchor Selection Based on Application

The following shall be used as a guide to the selection of anchor bolt types:

3.2.1.1 Types A and B

These anchor types are provided for all plant equipments including horizontal drums, exchangers,
pumps, steel structures, platforms, minor equipment and pipe supports where significant or repetitive
tension loads are not envisaged.

3.2.1.2 Type C
This anchor type is provided for compressors, vertical towers, columns and all conditions where types
A and B are required. These are predominantly used where larger location tolerances are required and
significant or repetitive tension loads are envisaged.

3.2.1.3 Type D
This type of anchor is used where provision is necessitated based on the project or construction
requirements. Type D bolts may be used for vertical towers, columns, and drums with skirts requiring
bolts 30mm dia. or larger.

3.2.1.4 Type E
This anchor type is used as an alternative to type A & B bolts, and are usually resin anchor fixing
(Chemical) type or drilled-in expanding anchor fixing (Mechanical) type.

3.2.1.5 Type F
This type of anchor bolt is provided for all cases as for types A, B and C, where significant or repetitive
tension loads are envisaged, but location tolerances are controlled by using robust precise templates
to equipment items supplied by equipment VENDOR. Where necessary, for large bolt assemblies, top
and bottom templates shall be obtained from the equipment VENDOR. This is particularly relevant
where bolts are located on a circle along the periphery.

3.2.2 Anchor Selection Based on Number of Nuts

3.2.2.1 Bolts with Two Nuts

Bolts with two nuts shall be used under the following conditions:
a) All bolts are designed to take tension

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b) Steel section bases are designed as fixed bases

c) Vertical towers and columns
d) Sliding ends for exchangers and horizontal drums
e) Vibrating Equipment

3.2.2.2 Bolts with One Nut

Bolts with one nut shall be used under the following conditions:
a) Fixed ends for exchangers and horizontal drums with no uplift.
b) Steel stanchion bases with no uplift
c) Non-vibrating equipment
d) Tanks and drums with no uplift

3.2.3 Special Anchor Bolts

Special anchor bolts are defined as follows:

3.2.3.1 Large Diameters

a) Bolt types A, B and C requiring diameters greater than 42mm shall be designed as per specific
requirements.
b) Bolt type D shall be used for diameters greater than 64mm and shall be designed as per specific
requirements.

3.2.3.2 Grade 8.8 Bolts

Grade 8.8 steel bolts should only be considered where large diameter bolts are required to resist high
tensions and shears. The CONTRACTOR shall develop the detailed work procedure for Grade 8.8
holding down bolts and their design subject to OWNER’s approval. Anchors conforming ASTM
A193/A193M Grade B7 or ASTM F1554 Grade 105 may also be used, in the absence of Grade 8.8
bolts on OWNER’s approval.

3.2.3.3 Chemical Attack

Where there is a high risk of the bolt being subjected to chemical attack, the use of other steel shall be
considered and designed as specified.

3.2.3.4 Marine Installations

For marine installations where bolts, washers and nuts are exposed to a corrosive atmosphere, they
shall be galvanised, and where loss of ductility is an issue, special precautions shall be taken for the
same. Also, alternative steel types shall be considered and designed as a specified.

3.2.3.5 Post Installed Anchors

Anchoring and fixing requirements for conditions where casting is completed, shall be done using post
installed anchor bolts. This standard does not cover their design and evaluation of their requirement,
hence recommendations of BS 8539 or VENDOR specifications, shall be followed for the same.

3.3 Corrosion Allowance for Bolts

The following corrosion allowance shall be considered for design of anchor bolts in tension and shear:
a) Tension: the effective tensile stress diameter shall be reduced by 3mm
b) Shear: the nominal bolt diameter shall be reduced by 3mm

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3.4 Bolt Projection

Bolt projection (P) above structural concrete shall be calculated as follows:
Projection P = t + b + (n + 0.5)d + (50mm for bolts > 36mm diameter to allow for taper)
Where, t = thickness of grout
b = thickness of baseplate or frame
n = number of nuts
d = diameter of bolt
0.5 = allowance for one washer and a small projection beyond the nuts.

3.5 Guidelines for Using Standard Anchor Bolt Schedules

3.5.1 Ascertain bolt type and diameter, and calculate the required bolt projection. Establish the bolt
mark from the relevant anchor bolt standard and choose the bolt with the correct projection or
nearest larger projection.
3.5.2 Where a polystyrene sleeve is not required for bolt types A and B, the length of the bolt may
be reduced by the length of the polystyrene sleeve. This variation of bolt shall be added in the
space provided on the schedule.
3.5.3 Where the bolt projection exceeds the maximum standard projection stated in the schedule,
additional bolt details shall be added in the space provided on the schedule.
3.5.4 Anchor bolts shall be designated on the drawings and the Anchor Bolt Material Requisition as
in e.g. A243/2. The letter indicates the type of bolt, the first two digits of the number denote the
bolt diameter in millimetres and the last digit denotes the bolt identification number. The
oblique stroke and the suffix '2' indicate that two nuts are required. Construction drawings shall
call up the bolts to the appropriate designation and shall state the required projection above
the top of structural concrete level.

3.6 Bolt Diameters

3.6.1 The anchor bolts for various diameters shall be designed in accordance with Section 3.11 of
this Standard. In case of non-standard diameters obtained from VENDOR data and structural
drawings, they shall be used provided that they have been designed based on the same
design parameters.
3.6.2 Where equipment drawings show only the size of the hole in the base plate, the bolt diameter
shall be agreed with the equipment VENDOR.
3.6.3 Anchor bolts greater than 80mm diameter and less than 16mm diameter (except Type E) shall
not be used.
3.6.4 Anchor bolts greater than 42mm diameter shall conform to the following standard range only:
48mm, 56mm, 64mm, 72mm and 80mm.

3.7 Plinth Edge Distances

3.7.1 Minimum distance from the centre line of bolt to edge of concrete plinth shall be as follows:-
Up to and including 20 mm dia. = 125 mm
24 mm dia. = 150 mm
30 mm dia. = 160 mm
36 mm dia. = 180 mm
42 mm dia. = 210 mm
48 mm dia. = 240 mm

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56 mm dia. = 280 mm
64 mm dia. = 320 mm
3.7.2 For cast-in anchors, the minimum edge distance provisions are recommended in Section
17.7.2 of ACI 318-14, and a minimum of 6 x diameter for torqued anchors is recommended
based on the same.
3.7.3 Bolt edge distance for compressors shall not be less than 150 mm, and as a good engineering
practice, a minimum value of 125mm for all other cases is recommended.
3.7.4 Minimum distance from edge of baseplate to edge of concrete shall be as follows:-
a) Base plates up to and including 500 mm width = 50 mm
b) Base plates greater than 500 mm width = 75 mm
3.7.5 The minimum plinth width dimension shall be calculated based on the most stringent
conditions mentioned in clauses 3.7.1 to 3.7.4.
3.7.6 For post installed anchors, the minimum edge distance provisions shall be the greater of the
manufacturer’s recommended values and as in Section 17.7.3 of ACI 318-14.
3.7.7 For anchors where installation does not produce a splitting force and that will not be torqued, if
the edge distance is less than those recommended in Sections 3.7.1 through 3.7.6,
calculations for the same shall be performed based on Section 17.7.4 of ACI 318-14 on
OWNER’s approval.

3.8 Anchor Bolts in Plinth

Adequate vertical reinforcement shall be provided in plinths and shall have sufficient anchorage above
and below the bottom of the bolt, to transfer tension from the anchor bolt to the plinth of the foundation
(See Figure 1). When the anchor bolt projects below the plinth into the foundation, then consideration
shall be made, to fully anchor the bolts with the minimum required embedment length into the
foundation, and providing minimum required reinforcement in the plinth. This must be clearly shown on
the detail drawing.

Figure 1

Bolt Anchorage in Plinth

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3.9 Minimum Spacing of Anchor Bolts

3.9.1 The minimum anchor spacing recommended as per Section 17.7.1 of ACI 318-14 for cast-in
anchors not be torqued shall be 4 x diameters and for cast-in torqued as well as post installed
anchors shall be 6 x diameters.
3.9.2 The minimum anchor spacing based on supported entity shall be as mentioned below:
a) Vertical towers, columns and drums shall have a bolt spacing not less than 6 x bolt
diameter.
b) Horizontal drums, exchangers and structural steelwork shall have bolt spacing not less
than 4 x bolt diameter
3.9.3 Anchor spacing provision based on the more stringent of above values shall govern. However,
for anchors where installation does not produce a splitting force and that will not be torqued, if
the bolt spacing is less than that recommended in Sections 3.9.1 and 3.9.2, calculations for
the same shall be performed based on Section 17.7.4 of ACI 318-14 on OWNER’s approval.

3.10 Construction Notes for Location and Tolerance of Anchor Bolts

3.10.1 A template of a suitably robust material shall be provided to locate the anchor bolts in their
correct position and alignment. This is particularly relevant when bolts are located on a circle
along the periphery.
3.10.2 Bolt types A, B, and F provide no allowances for setting out or location tolerance.
3.10.3 Bolt type C provides limited setting out tolerance by the bolt being aligned within the tube.
3.10.4 The portion of the anchor bolt projecting above the top of the structural concrete level shall be
protected from corrosion by densotape, or equivalent, prior to erection of equipment or
steelwork.
3.10.5 Bolt type D bolt box is to be located centrally on the BCD with the longer side of the washer
plate slot tangential to the BCD. Anchor bolts are to be removed, and the bolt box plugged
before fixing the bolt box rigidly in position and placing concrete. Tolerance is provided along
the BCD within the length of the slot in the washer plate, and can be tilted slightly normal to
the BCD. Bolt type F shall also be debonded along its length cast within the concrete.
3.10.6 Bolt types C & D shall be debonded along their length within the tube and up to the underside
of the baseplate to ensure that the induced load is transferred to the foundation via the washer
plate. Bolt type F shall also be debonded along its length cast within the concrete.
3.10.7 Anchor bolts shall be protected throughout construction work until installation of the supported
facilities from physical damage and corrosion. Projected part of anchor bolts and nuts shall be
covered by vinyl sheet during concrete pouring. Post concrete pouring, bolt threads and nuts
shall be greased and securely covered by vinyl sheet and wood plate (or cloth) bound by wire.

3.11 Parameters for Design of Anchor Bolts

3.11.1 Use bolt materials of the following steel grades to BS EN 10025 for the lowest one-day mean
average temperature above -7ºC:
- Bolts Type A, B, & C up to and including 42 mm dia. Grade S275J0
- Bolts Type A, B & C greater than 42 mm dia. Grade S275J2
- Bolts Type D for all diameters Grade S275J2
Bolts subject to lowest one-day mean average temperatures below -7ºC shall be considered a
"Special Anchor Bolt", in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations.
3.11.2 Threads shall be ISO Metric screw threads, coarse series, free fit, Class (7H/8g) to BS 3643
Parts 1 and 2. Bolts greater than 64 diameters to have constant 6 mm pitch.

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Where bolts are manufactured from bar stock, the shanks shall be machined to sizes and
tolerances in accordance with BS 4190. This is particularly relevant where bolts are to be set
out using stiffener type jig templates.
3.11.3 Nominal values of Yield Strength and Ultimate Tensile Strength (Bolt Class 4.6):
Ultimate Tensile Strength = 400 N/mm2
Yield Strength = 240 N/mm2
Nominal values for Yield and Ultimate Tensile strength for bolt class 4.6 as mentioned above
and various other bolt classes are as per BS EN 1993-1-8 Table 3.1. It should be noted that
although grade S275 material is specified for bolt material, its yield stress for Class 4.6 shall
be as mentioned above. Where CONTRACTOR proposes using alternative materials with a
yield strength lower than that for grade S275 (i.e. steel grades in accordance with American,
Japanese or other suitable standards), this may be considered provided that the material
grade has a minimum yield strength of 240 N/mm2.
3.11.4 As per industry practice, in the absence of Anchor materials conforming to BS EN 10025
grade S275, equivalent anchors conforming to ASTM A36/A36M and ASTM F1554 Grade 36
may be used based on OWNER’s approval. Anchors conforming ASTM A193/A193M Grade
B7 or ASTM F1554 Grade 105 may be used for equipment, tanks, vessels and critical
structures, and ASTM A307 for anchoring minor structures. The capacities for the same shall
be calculated and presented for OWNER’s approval.
3.11.5 For tall structures where the predominant load is wind, consideration should be given to post
tensioning the foundation bolts. Where bolts are post tensioned the appropriate grades of steel
shall be used and mechanical tests for the same shall be performed, conforming to BS EN
13391.
3.11.6 Ultimate strength criteria are employed to allow for combined tension and shear interaction
checks. The tables and graphs in Appendix 1 and 2 satisfy the formula in BS EN 1993-1-8
Table 3.4. The shear force acting on the anchor bolts can be partly or completely resisted by
friction between grout and the steel base plate. This shall be evaluated based on BS EN 1993-
1-8 Equation 6.1, 6.3 and Section 6.2.2.
3.11.7 For design of maximum tensile capacity, the effective tensile stress diameter has been
reduced by 3mm, as corrosion allowance in accordance with Section 3.3 of this Standard.
3.11.8 For design of maximum shear capacity the nominal bolt diameter has been reduced by 3mm
for corrosion allowance in accordance with Section 3.3 of this Standard.
3.11.9 All tabulated loads are ultimate limit state loads as per BS EN 1993-1-8 Section 2.3, and
anchor design shall be verified for the same. The ultimate capacities for the anchor bolts are
provided in Appendix 1 and 2 of this standard.
3.11.10 All concrete design and stresses shall conform to BS EN 1992-1-1 for concrete Grade 35.
3.11.11 The ultimate tensile and shear loads shall be calculated based on appropriate ultimate limit
state load combinations in accordance with GTL-40-03 Section 3.4 and BS EN 1990 for
design of embedment in concrete.
3.11.12 The ultimate horizontal shear force on the anchor bolt shall be resisted by the horizontal
bearing of the bolt on the concrete. In the case of bolts type A and B, the depth of the bolt
within the pocket, if provided, shall be included in determination of bearing resistance. In case
of type C bolts, the depth of the bolt within the tube shall be used in determination of bearing
resistance.
3.11.13 Anchor bolt field verification, installation and all special considerations pertaining to
foundations supporting machinery shall also consider recommendations in API 686 Chapter 4
- Sections 11, 18, 19 and Annex B.
3.11.14 The capacity of concrete with embedded anchors and reinforcement requirement for the same
shall be designed in conformation with BS EN 1992-1-1, and recommendations of ACI 318
Chapter 17 may be referred, to perform various checks for tension and shear failure modes on
OWNER’s approval. Based on the anchor bolt types A, B, C, D and F, checks mentioned in
the below sections shall also be performed.

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3.11.15 Bolts Type A and B

Ultimate loads are resisted by bond excluding the length within the pocket if provided.
Embedment lengths shall be designed in accordance with BS EN 1992-1-1. Ultimate
anchorage bond stress shall be computed as per BS EN 1992-1-1 Section 8.4.2.
3.11.16 Bolts Type C and F
Ultimate loads are resisted by the shear cone through the concrete from the washer plate
bearing on the concrete.
The critical shear perimeter shall be designed in accordance with BS EN 1992-1-1, design
concrete shear stress shall be computed as per BS EN 1992-1-1 Section 6.2.2. To allow for
close grouping of bolts, the perimeter calculated in accordance with BS EN 1992-1-1, has
been reduced to approximately one eighth of that calculated.
In plinths where the washer plate is within the height of the plinth and faces of the plinth are
inside the shear perimeter, the reinforcement shall then be provided above and below the
point where the shear line crosses the reinforcement for full anchorage bond length.
Embedment depths and washer plate sizes for type F bolts, are set equal to type C bolts.
3.11.17 Bolt Type D
Ultimate loads shall be resisted by:
a) The shear cone through the concrete from the washer plate bearing on the concrete for a
bolt spacing greater than 10 x bolt diameter.
b) The shear from the concrete taken by the plinth reinforcement for a bolt spacing between
10 x bolt diameter and 6 x bolt diameter.
The critical shear perimeter shall be designed in accordance with BS EN 1992-1-1, design
concrete shear stress shall be computed as per BS EN 1992-1-1 Section 6.2.2. To allow for
close grouping of bolts the perimeter calculated in accordance with BS EN 1992-1-1 has been
reduced for bolt spacing of 10 x bolt diameter. In plinths where the washer plate is within the
height of the plinth and face of the plinth is inside the shear perimeter, the reinforcement shall
then be provided above and below the point where the shear line crosses the reinforcement
for full anchorage bond length.
For bolt spacing between 10 x bolt diameter and 6 x bolt diameter the embedment depth of the
washer plate, shown in the table of this standard anchor bolt type D is insufficient to resist the
ultimate load purely by shear on concrete, and the ultimate load must therefore be transferred
to the plinth reinforcement. Provide below mentioned reinforcement for full anchorage bond
length both sides of the points where the shear line crosses the reinforcement in the plinth.
The reinforcement shall be high yield deformed bars of Grade B500B conforming to BS 4449
30 dia. bolts Y16 at 150 crs
36 dia. bolts Y20 at 200 crs
42 dia. bolts Y20 at 150 crs
48 dia. bolts Y25 at 175 crs
64 dia. bolts Y25 at 150 crs
Note: For a large number of bolts in close proximity, the above noted reinforcement may be
conservative. In these situations, the required reinforcement may be calculated for actual
details and geometry of foundation.

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APPENDIX 1 :
Table for Permissible Ultimate Loads (kN)
(Permissible Ultimate Anchor Loads are calculated in accordance with BS EN 1993-1-8
Table 3.4 and Section 6.2 for Bolt Class 4.6)

ft = Tensile Stress (N/mm2)

Effective Effective
Nominal Tensile Shear Ft,Rd =
Tension 0 56 140 224 308 400
Diameter Stress Stress
(mm) Area Area Fv,Rd = fv = Shear Stress (N/mm2)
(mm2) (mm2) Shear
400 360 300 240 180 114

Ft,Rd 0.00 3.92 9.80 15.68 21.56 28.00

16 97.2 132.7
Fv,Rd 15.63 14.07 11.72 9.38 7.03 4.45

Ft,Rd 0.00 6.80 17.01 27.21 37.41 48.59

20 168.7 227.0
Fv,Rd 26.73 24.06 20.05 16.04 12.03 7.62

Ft,Rd 0.00 10.48 26.19 41.90 57.61 74.82

24 259.8 346.4
Fv,Rd 40.79 36.71 30.59 24.47 18.35 11.62

Ft,Rd 0.00 17.82 44.54 71.26 97.99 127.26

30 441.9 572.6
Fv,Rd 67.42 60.68 50.57 40.45 30.34 19.22

Ft,Rd 0.00 27.09 67.74 108.38 149.02 193.53

36 672.0 855.3
Fv,Rd 100.72 90.65 75.54 60.43 45.32 28.71

Ft,Rd 0.00 38.31 95.77 153.24 210.70 273.64

42 950.1 1194.6
Fv,Rd 140.67 126.61 105.51 84.40 63.30 40.09

Ft,Rd 0.00 51.46 128.66 205.85 283.05 367.60

48 1276.4 1590.4
Fv,Rd 187.29 168.56 140.47 112.37 84.28 53.38

Ft,Rd 0.00 72.49 181.22 289.96 398.69 517.78

56 1797.8 2206.2
Fv,Rd 259.80 233.82 194.85 155.88 116.91 74.04

Ft,Rd 0.00 97.11 242.77 388.43 534.08 693.62

64 2408.4 2922.5
Fv,Rd 344.15 309.73 258.11 206.49 154.87 98.08

Note:
a) Ft,Rd = Design Tension resistance per bolt
Fv,Rd = Design Shear resistance per bolt
b) The interaction check shall be as per BS EN 1993-1-8 Table 3.4:
(Fv,Ed / Fv,Rd) + (Fv,Ed / 1.4Fv,Rd) ≤ 1

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APPENDIX 2 :
Graph of Permissible Ultimate Loads showing Combined Tension and Shear Ratios for H.D.
Bolts Grade S275 conforming to BS EN 10025

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APPENDIX 3 :
Anchor Bolt Type A

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APPENDIX 4 :
Anchor Bolt Type B

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APPENDIX 5 :
Anchor Bolt Type C

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APPENDIX 6 :
Anchor Bolt Type D (Sheet 1 of 2)

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APPENDIX 7 :
Anchor Bolt Type D (Sheet 2 of 2)

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APPENDIX 8 :
Anchor Bolt Type F

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4 Roles and Responsibilities

4.1 Implementation of the Document

The custodian has the responsibility to manage and implement the requirements of this Technical
Standard.
Document Custodian
Document custodian must:
 Custodian of the standard shall ensure that departments mentioned in the standard are involved in
the review cycle as part of the development team.
 Ensure that only latest approved documents are filed
 Work with Quality Section to ensure that IMS Documents are maintained according to the
requirements of the Document Management Standard
 Review all the comments of the Development Team and makes the final decision on what
comments to be included. Communicate the Operational Policies, Standards and Technical
Standards
 Ensure the requirements in the documents are implemented
 Be in compliance with the requirements of the documents
 Identify Development/Review Team Members
 Standard Custodian to resolve any raised dispute with development team members

4.2 Content of the Document

Development/Review Team Members

The Development Team Members must:
 Develop the documents only on approved templates
 Ensure that the latest approved documents are uploaded and filed
 Partake in meetings to discuss and timely review the relevant draft document
 Suggests essential changes, including deletion and addition to the document
Head of Quality
Does a final review before approval of Policies, Standards and Technical Standards to ensure that:
 The development team is aligned with the requirements of the Standards and Technical Standards
 Ensure the completeness of the roles and responsibility clause in the Standards and Technical
Standards
 Ensure the completeness of the Standards and Technical Standards (all required clauses are
completed)
 Review the completeness of the requirements in the Standards and Technical Standards
 The appropriate references to procedures and supporting documentation is made
 There is no duplication of information.
 The document content meets the requirements of the Document and Record Management
Standards
 Possible gaps in the information is identified in liaison with the Development Team.
Information Management Specialist
Does a final review of Procedures and Supporting Documentation to ensure that:
 The structure, template, format, correctness and completeness of the documents
 Keep all the document templates updated and make them available to the users
 Ensure the content of the document is aligned with document type

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5 Authorisation
The Projects Services Manager and Chief Engineering & Projects Officer have seen and approved this
document.

6 Revisions

Date Rev. Remarks

September 2001 01
May 2012 02 Template correction. No revision to contents.
March 2017 03 Section 3 has been revised in-line with latest applicable codes and best
Industry practices
July 2020 04 Template update. No revision to contents.

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