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Thermodynamic Properties of Elements Their Oxides, Halides, Carbides and Nitrides
Thermodynamic Properties of Elements Their Oxides, Halides, Carbides and Nitrides
Thermodynamic Properties of Elements Their Oxides, Halides, Carbides and Nitrides
Cr:N Zone I (298°-800° K.) 87 + 1.08 10° +-0.88 10°T-* 19.450+0.67 7 +-0,51 x 10° T*— 0.88 10° 29,450 0.67 Tin T—0.51 x 10° 7*—0.44 X10 T+ 23.96738 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF 65 ELEMENTS ol COBALT AND ITS COMPOUNDS Element, Co (c) 8c. (83) i calories er stom 400" Ke. (a2) 30 ealories per stom abs Ke (32) 240 calories per stom 337° iD Zone I (a) (298°-718° K.) 724430X10-7 (82) STiao 279.18 %10-47 <0 727m Te 10% 10-9425 047 30+5.86% 10-7" (82) =979F3.307 42.93 10-°T? =979~8'307In 2.93 10-974 16.367 Zone TI (7) (1,400°-1,763° K.) * ©,=9.60 (82) Hy— Hon = ~3,920+9.607 '7— Hon = —3,920—9.00 Tin P+-60.07 Zone 1V (2) (1,7639-1,900° K.) 8,30 (82) +2,010+8.307° $2,010-8.307mT+47.077 Hr-tim |S | (Pr Hw) 57,800 calories per mole 2.63 e.u. (38) r g ore. (are) Zone I (c) (298-1,800° K.) Cy=11.54-42.04% 10-7 +040 1087-1 (82) Hy—Hyam= ~3,400-+ 11.54 T+ 1.02% 10-97?—0.40 xaor Formation: Co+1/20,—— Zone I (298°-718° K.) C00 —57,940+3.247=1; = 57/940—3.24 Tin T+ 1.38% 10-*T?—0.30 X14 39.287 Zone II (718°-1,400° K.) 4.66 4.82 10-°T 0.00% 1067 58,500-+ 4.68 72.16 10-*72— 0.00% 10°T-t = 58,500— 4.66 7In T+2.1610-*7—0.30 X14 48.07 Zone IIT (1,400°-1,673° K.) LOL 1.54% 107+ 0.60% 10°74 55,750— 1.647 40.77 10-°T2— 0.60% 10°71 — 55,7504 1.64 Tin T—0.77X10*T?—0.30 XIOT 8477 Zone IV (1,673°-1,800° K.) 0.34++ 1.54% 10° 70.60% 10° 61,480—0.347-+ 0.77 X 10-°T?— 0.60 10°T-* 614804 0:34 Tin P—0.77 x 10° T?—0.30 X1OT HT eheeeeeeupene: Rageeeuenaees! Tricobalt Tetraoxide, Co,O, (c) —207,000 calories per mole (24) 15.66 eu. (24) Zone I (¢) (298°-1,000° K.) 30,84-+17.08% 10-97 5.72 10°74 (91) 11,8705 30.847 +854 107724 5.72 x1OT Formation: 3Co+20,———+C0.05 Zone I (298°-718° K.) SC ,=2.36-+ 218X 10-97 — 4.923 10°72 "209, 450-F2.367-+ 1.09 10-*T2+-4.92 x10T* 209,450—2.367In T— 1.09 10-97? 2.46 X1OP 4102167HEAT CONTENT, HEAT-OF-FORMATION, AND FREE-ENERGY DATA 39 Zone II (718°-1,000° K.) Zone I (c) (298°-997° K.) 6.62~2.50X 10-9 T— 4.92% 10872 441-4 14.60% 10-7 (82) 211.200-40.627—1.25x 10-4 4.92 Hey— Hyg= 4.9454 14.41 747.30 10-472 x10 111,220— 6.62 Tin T+ 1.25 10 T?+2.46 Formation: Co+Cl-———>CoCl, X1OT14131.037° Zone I (298°-718° K.) 187 + 10.24 10-9 7-+.0.68% 1087 = 78,3004 0.877 +5.12X 1070.68 x10 “78,800—0.87 Tin T— 5.12 10° T—0.34 X1OT 44337 Zone II (718°-997° K.) AC, =2.29+8.68% 107+. 0.68% 107-4 ~79,000+2.297+-4.34X 10 72—0.68 X1OT 79,000—2.29 Tin T—4.34X 10-* 720.34 X1OT 453.027 Cobalt Difluoride, CoF, (c) 158,000 calories per mole (11) aan tayo moe aD 14759 K. (6) (G,000) calories per mole (20009). (@) (48,000) calories per mole Formation: Co+F;———>CoF (estimated (11) 2228258 5 : wt Hg — 50,600 calories per mole (11) | te-tim | ane a ‘Sig (33) eu. (11) om MP. iy (6) al ces ce Miy= (8000) cloves or mole a8) CES) CES = ako SS) CES) CE is 0800 Sirs pr mate Formation: Co+Bry —€0Br, (estimated (17)) Cobalt Trifluoride, CoF; (c) BK, trtin | ane | aPh per mole (11) FE Fe ma ol ap BAS cpa 10) ® = ‘eiom) ify (40,000) eaiories per mole Formation: Cot 5/2 ———-+CoF, Cobalt Diiodide, Col, (¢) =21,000 calories per mole (11) (37) eu. (11) 790° K. 6) (6,000) ealories per mole (1)100°) K. (6) ‘4, = (24,000) ealories per mole Formation: Co+I,- — Col; (estimated (11)) eis) von) Cobalt Dichloride, CoCl, (c) ar AHie= —77,800 calories per mole (112) Sen ded eu. Gay Pee mole (118) a 90) MEARE Up er ‘Sig =7,A00 calories per mole Ser Lees y ‘eked ‘AHy=27,200 calories per mole40 THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF 65 ELEMENTS Tricobalt Carbide, Co;C (c) ‘AHin= +9,830 calories per mole (81) ‘Sine= 22.8 eu. (9) 9,000 ealories per mole Columbium Dioxide, CbO, (c) (=10,400) calories per mole (24) ‘Siu 13.03 e.u. (91) Formation: Cb-+0,———>Cb0, (estimated (24)) Hatin | aa- fe amr | apes q e afer] Bi F 20h cw <—-| 2 e a m Sud | = 5 [ee 1s. oe e [eel 18s § 8) 18. % / Yo & soo} eary| 20 2729 Dicolumbium Pentaoxide, Cb.O; (¢) 8 so} | 5 x60} = BP.= >2,500° K. (42) Zone I (¢) (298°-1,785° K.) 180) 5=86.23+ 5.54 10-°7—4.88% 10°74 (102) eee cer 00 POO Hy — Hen =~ 12,680-+ 36.287 + 2.77 X 10° T+ 4.88 TEMPERATURE," Fiaure 14.—Cobalt. COLUMBIUM AND ITS COMPOUNDS Element, Cb (c) Tew. () (6,500) calories per atom BBR annie ‘ity =(155,000) calories per atom Zone I (c) (298°-1,900° K.) 6.0.96 %10-7 ($2) =1,730-+5.667-0.48% 10-472 =1,780= 5.667% 7048 10-972 4-29.45 xa0'r Zone II (2) (1,785°-1,810° K.) C= 57.90 (107), Hy—Hoa=— 17,2554 57.007 Formation: 2Cb+5/20,——>Cb.0s Zone I (298°-1,785° K.) AC,=7.014 112X109 7—3.88X 107+ 458,440 7.01 T+ 0.56% 10-972 4.3.88 10°7-* = 458/440 7.01 Tin T—0.56% 10-972 + 1.94 X10 14 156.527" ‘Zone II (1,785°-1,810° K.) 28,684.42 10-87 +1.0% 1087-2 163,750 28.687 —2.2110-*T?— 1.0% 1057-1 463,750— 28 68 T!n T'+-2.21 x 10-*T?—0.50 X1O1+ 317.07 7x ; atl = 2a | cee) as iw) 8h) gw} Bh) $08) aS : ig; & ig) = 2 =} x) = a8) ER 3 : kin| Eig s ig | Bas = ig} ie eel 88 2 con ER] eg Bocce Be) ae 2 : ig) i a ae) 38 3 iB] tk ie ee) Bt 2 : is) Oe 2 ae) Gh 2 ig) Re ‘2 #8) 22 | iB) ke 2 ee) 28 3 is) ‘s Be) ee & ie) Hote iB ie Be 2 =| #2 asl iB es BS 2 Ss) dt) ah) aS) BS) 3HEAT CONTENT, HEAT-OF-FORMATION, AND FREE-ENERGY DATA 41 Columbium Pentachloride, CbCI; (c) AH?3= —190,600 calories per mole (48) Sye= (65), ex. (11) 485° K. 8,400 calories per mole 516° K. (6) 11,500 calories per mole Formation: Cb+5/20l-——>CbCl, (estimated (17)) mk. | teattm | an | art | abs ‘0, iste) Columbium Pentabromide, CbBr; (c) AH?y3= 182,850 calories per mole Spa (78) eu “ 500° K. ( (22,000) calories per mole Formation: Cb-+5/2Bry————>CbBr,, (estimated (17)) | ane | ane ari 1p. 0 | (126 299 (08 $05) (E1030) 56,800 calories per mole (100) 0.5 eu. (9) B72 K. (94) 14,500) calories per mole Zone I (c) (298°-600° K.) 8,694.5.4010-7 (94) 2,831 8.697+2.70X10-°T* CbN 3043.93 % 10-97 ,900— 0.307 + 1.98% 10-97 ‘AF p= — 56,90040.30 Tin P— 1.96 10-972 + 20.427 19K. Hr-tim| sr | ant | are 9, T "1 3 f \ AY \ 3 AF, FREE ENERGY OF FORMATION, keol/a. -mole 360) omg "300 1000 TEMPERATURE, °K, Fraure 15,—Columbium. COPPER AND ITS COMPOUNDS Element, Cu () 91 a4, (9), ‘Bifp= 72,800 calories per atom Zone I (¢) (298°-1,357° K.) AL 150X107 (82) =1,68045.417+0.75 10-87" = 1680 5.41 Tn T—0.75X 10-4 28.77 ws | See8888 ‘bo. ‘aia in is a He) Hg) a HB) ke! ke ‘io. fio) ise) net Wi to ike Le 0 sm) Re) nS Be ue) Bal BE is ae) ES) gS is Hes) Bal BE to He] RS) BS Bo aS) Gk) a is S| ib) fe ton 3) ee ee i30 ass) GS) ate42 ‘THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF 65 ELEMENTS Dicopper Oxide, CuO (¢) Copper Fluoride, CuF (c) 60,000 calories per mole (11) 6) eu. (11) 020°) K. (42) ‘Ss MP1 go" Gy fi ‘AHy= 13,400 ealories per mole AH y= (4,500) calories per mole B.P.= (1,660) K. (42) Zone | (¢) (298°-1,200° K.) ‘ay = (88,000) eslories per mole ym 14.904.5.70X 10-87 (82) oa Hy Hg 800 AMPERES LOT Econ edt ae Formation: 2Cu+1/20;——>Cu,0 Zone I (298°-1,200° K.) ox, Hr-Hm | Sr SEuBEEH Formation: Cu+F;——>CuP, (estimated (12) 3 22BEsseesaveny ssesseensacss BEER 37,500 ealories per mole (2) Squ=10.19 eu. (98) = 1,720" K. (24) ‘AH y=2,820 calories per mole Zone I (c) (298°-1,250° K.) = 82,600 calories per mole (11) 0.8 eu. (83) 108° KK. (82) 9.274. 4.80% 10-7 (52) 620 calories per mole 29779277 + 2.40% 10-87? 963° K. (6) + Cut1/20y cuo 31,600 ealories per mole Zone I (c) (298°-703° K.) 2_1.950° 87 + 19.20% 10-7 (82) AH t= —37,640-+0.287+ 1.4 10-9T2—0.20%10°T Zone II (I) (703°-1,200° K.) < 37/540 0.287mn 1.4% 10-97-0110 X10 24037 Formation: Cu+1/2Cly Zone I (298°-703° K.) = 954-17.67X 1097 -40.34X 10°72 = ae ge Saar e wasiOe O34 a iis X10T = | or AF =" 31,066-+3.957InT—8.83X10°7?—0.17 a io | Bae X1OTIA 7.567 vio Re] RE Zone IT (703°-1,200° K.) the Ia drs 5 i : 0~1.58X 10-47 +034 1087-2 Ya. tea st Sa4800-F8.07 0765x101 0.34 a a6) ES We conarsorexurer 0 X1OT 4-50.57)‘HEAT CONTENT, HEAT-OF-FORMATION, AND FREE-ENERGY DATA 43 se | ant ma) mae RL) BS. Re] 8 a2) 338 Be) aes 82) iia | a G8) RS Copper Dichloride, CuCl, (c) Fle —58,400 calories per mole (11 yay tay Por mole 1D Detomposes._ 810" K., 1 atm Cl (6) Zone I (¢) (298°-800° K.) Cy= 15.42 + 12.00 10-*T (82) Hg 51 FDOT EOD IO Formation: Cu-+Clh——>CuCh, Zone I (298°-800° K.) 119-4 10.44% 10-174 0.68 x 1007-2 Log ovo Liars 5 22510-T— 008x107 = 53,990— L197in T— 5.22 10° 7—0.34 x04 45.07) ne, BBbRRE 8a88g8 —25,450 calories per mole (11) 2.07 eu. (55) 761° K. (8) 2,300) calories per mole 591° K. (6) (33,400) calories per mole Formation: Cu+1/2Br-——>-CuBr (estimated (17)) | rtm Copper Dibromide, CuBr; (c) AHin= —33,200 ealori Sow 3) eu, 11) Decomposes—600° K., 1 atm Bry (6) per mole (112) Formation: Cu+Br,p———>CuBr, (estimated (11)) Helm | ant BIR = wii, HBG) Copper Iodide, Cul (¢) BE 1480" K. ©) ‘AHy= (81,100) eslories per mole Zone I (¢) (298°-675° K.) 2.142.86X10-7 (82) Hp— Hon = ~3,788-+ 1217+ 1.43 X10-°T? Formation: Cu+1/2l,——>Cul Zone I (298°-386.1° K.) 9459x1047 =16,850-+1.97—2.20% 10-72 16,850—1.9Tin P+2.29X 104 T+ 9.477 Zone I (386.1°-456° K.) ACp=—2.9141.86X 10-7 aHy= —17,350~2.917+0,68X 107° ‘AF p= —17/350+ 2.91 Tin T—0.68X 10-97 16.17 Zone IIT (456°-675° K.) ACp=2.2141.36X 1097 AH r= —24,700—2.217+-0,68% 10-*7 24;700—2.21TIn T—0.088X 10° +31.37 (estimated (11)) ay He-Hn| S| ane | are mL is] Bae em | ae fom) sat Cixgo| {ano Tricopper Nitride, CusN(c) 17,800 calories per mole (9) Metastable, decomposes >740° K. Copper Nitride, CuN (c) - —60,230 calories per mole (181) “62,850 calories per mole Copper Trinitride, CuN; (c) ‘AH =67,280 ealories per mole (48)