UNIVERSITY OF

LUCKNOW
UNIVERSIT OF LUCKNOW
DEPERTMENT : EDUCATION

PROGRAM : PhD IN EDUCATION

COURSE NAME : ICT & Cyber Ethics in Research

COURSE CODE : E090102

TYPES OF WORK : INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT

SUBMITTED TO : Dr. Kran Lata Dangwal

SUBMITTED BY : NYANDA BENJAMIN

ROLL NO. : 2119000000101

QUESTION: Communication with Graphics

i
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................1

1.1 The concept of Graphics........................................................................................................1

1.2 Meaning of Communication..................................................................................................1

1.3 Communication with Graphics..............................................................................................1

2.0 TYPES OF GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION...........................................................................2

2.1 Print Media.............................................................................................................................2

2.2 Outdoor Media.......................................................................................................................2

2.3 Electronic Media....................................................................................................................2

2.4 Display Media........................................................................................................................3

2.5 Memories...............................................................................................................................3

3.0 Elements of Graphic Communication.......................................................................................3

3.1 Text........................................................................................................................................3

3.1.1 Title.................................................................................................................................3

3.1.2 Subtitles...........................................................................................................................4

3.1.3 The script.........................................................................................................................4

3.1.4 The logo...........................................................................................................................4

3.1.5 Closing remarks...............................................................................................................4

3.2 Illustration..............................................................................................................................4

3.3 Color.......................................................................................................................................5

CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5

REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

ii
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 The concept of Graphics
According to Anderson, (1984) graphics are texts, drawings, designs, illustrations or images that
are deliberately created via a medium by hand or some other means in a manner that makes
visual, cultural, aesthetic or commercial meaning. The creator of a graphic may draw an
inspiration from himself, some other beings or from his or her environment. Please note,
graphics, within the context of this course, are not meaningless drawings. They are deliberate
creations. They are not accidental or acts of serendipity.

Graphics can be functional or artistic. When graphics are functional, it means that they are not
mere impression but actually useful or are performing some particular functions. For instance,
the texts and photographs you see in newspapers are not for decoration, they are published to
inform, educate and inform. When they are artistic, they are created for style to invoke or
provoke one’s sense of aesthetics and create some fantasy, feeling or figment of imagination.

1.2 Meaning of Communication

Communication is the process whereby information is imparted by a sender to a receiver via a
medium. It requires that all parties have an area of communicative commonality. There are
auditory means, such as speaking, singing and sometimes tone of voice, and nonverbal, physical
means, such as body language, sign language, paralanguage, touch, eye contact, by using writing
(Craig, 2000).

1.3 Communication with Graphics

Communication with graphic is the study of how we convey meaning through visual design. This
includes the creation, production, management and distribution of advertising, marketing,
websites, mobile apps, books, packaging and other media in printed and digital form. Graphic
communication focuses on the design, development and delivery of visual pieces used to relay
specific information, ideas or emotions. Graphic communication professionals use a variety of
media to convey their ideas, like animation, photography, graphic design and illustration. Many
graphic communicators also use software and computer-based visual creation tools to help them

1
create digital media projects capable of communicating messages to their audience (Dywer,
1987).

Therefore, the concept of communication graphics is characterized by the technology that is

infused with information and communication technology which cover any product that stores,
retrieves, manipulates, transmits or receive information that helps in disseminating knowledge
through graphic device visuals. That generates interest which is the key note to instruction,
motivation, stimulation and ultimate finding relevance through the provision of changing
experiences in knowledge disseminating. It is a genetic term that incorporates many professional
fields of wide spectrum which ranges from product designs that communicate with various forms
of electronic gadgets and tools from the information and communication technology sector such
as project computer, television channels and other emerging media that allows organization to
share information in learning process.

2.0 TYPES OF GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION

Graphic communication has been divided into 5 parts, including:
2.1 Print Media
Stickers, Book Covers, Flyers, Posters, Catalogs, Letterhead

2.2 Outdoor Media

Nameplate, Banners, Neon-box, Pennant, Neon sign, Billboard

2.3 Electronic Media

Television, Radio, Internet, Computer Animation

2.4 Display Media

Hanging Design, Storefront, Floor Stand

2.5 Memories
T-shirts, Hats, Various Souvenirs, Umbrellas

2
3.0 Elements of Graphic Communication
In a graphic design art this must include cognitive abilities and visual communication, including
illustrations, typography, photography, image processing and layout. For its own application you
can find it in magazines, books, banners, brochures, and others. Graphics itself has elements that
can be combined and designed to produce a communication media that is suggestive and
communicative. The vital parts of graphic communication are text, color, and illustration. While
other elements commonly used for message emphasis can be on banners and flash/light rays. In
order to better understand the elements in graphical communication, please see the review below.

3.1 Text
In graphic communication, this text consists of the headline, subtitles, body copy, logos, and
closing words. For an explanation see below:

3.1.1 Title
The title is the most part of the text, which has the function to attract attention and also be the
first thing to read. This title will also be able to direct the reader to find out more about the
contents of the message or the products contained therein, and this becomes the headline
function in the most important news.
And here are some things you should consider in making a title:
 The form of letters supports the title and exudes written character
 Title contrasts with other text (color, size, shape)
 Words are not too long, and are easy to read
 Place it in a frame or frame
 Avoid making titles with all capital letters
 Place the title in the middle
3.1.2 Subtitles
In graphic communication, this subtitle is a further description of the title. Where the function is
to explain the meaning or meaning of the title and is generally longer, where in the procedures
for writing scientific papers is very important to note. This subtitle can also be used as a
transitional sentence that directs the reader from the title to the opening sentence of the
manuscript. Here are some things you need to know in making subtitles:

3
  Match and support each other’s titles
 Subtitle font size is smaller than the title
 Avoid placement under the column
 Use a different color from the text of the script
 For explanation, use the lines below or above the subtitles
 Customize the typeface with the title and also the script
 Use contrasting font types

3.1.3 The script

This text is a sentence that provides a more detailed explanation of the contents of the message
you want to convey, which has a function to direct the reader later in taking a stand, thinking,
and following actions. Almost all need a manuscript with different functions, including
the function of manuscripts in this physiology for example.

3.1.4 The logo

This is an identification that is from a company or agency that is usually in the form of letters or
drawings, simple, and communicative. There are several factors that are used in making graphic
communication logos, such as history, identity, associative, unique, artistic, symbolic, so you
cannot be careless.

3.1.5 Closing remarks

For concluding words this usually consists of short sentences that are clear, concise, honest, and
clear which usually have the aim of directing the reader in making decisions. In a good news
writing technique, of course this section will never be missed.

3.2 Illustration
After the text, in the next graphic communication this time is an illustration. Where this is a very
vital element and can be presented in the form of scratches or simple points to complex. This
illustration itself can be in the form of pictures, photographs or the like. The functions of this
illustration include:
 Stimulate interest from the reader to the whole message

4
  Attract the reader’s attention
 Highlight the features of a product
 Provide an explanation of the question
 Create a special atmosphere
 Win the competition
 Message dramatization

3.3 Color
According to Bergeron, (1990) color is the first thing a person sees, especially in the background
color. Color becomes a very important element in a graphical communication, because it can
have a psychological impact on people who see it. To get an effective color, you can start by
choosing a color that can represent the purpose of the graphic communication media that you
want to create. This graphical communication media is a means of conveying messages and
information to the public using graphic communication elements.

CONCLUSION
Communication with graphics are used not only to communicate information, but also as
decorative elements (borders, boxes, corners ...) to embellish the message. Greeting or Invitation
Cards, Posters or Notices, Covers of Books, Web Pages or logos – you will find hundreds of
examples of graphic elements in use. Lines and curves, colours, light and shade, lettering (font,
type size and highlighting) are the different elements, a graphic is made of, each element having
a definite purpose in the communication. While there are no rules for what elements should be
used in what combination for what effect, a general sense of aesthetic appeal (it is pleasing to the
eye) will help you decide. Moreover, different people have preferences for different colours and
different designs. If you observe traditional communication graphic forms, different cultures
have different motifs and designs.

5
REFERENCES
Anderson, T.H. (1984). Mapping: representing informative text graphically. In C.D. Holley &
D.F. Dansereau, eds. Spatial learning strategies. New York: Academic.

Bergeron, R. (1990). The uses of color to enhance training communication, Performance and
Instruction, 29 (7), 34-37.

Craig, R. T. (2000). “Communication.” In Encyclopaedia of Rhetoric, 3/9/00 version. Oxford

University Press.

Dywer, F.M. (1987). Enhancing Visualized Instruction, State College, PA: Learning Services.