Technical Training for

CAPACITOR BANK

Presented By,
PT. Manorian Elektrisindo Perkasa
Jl. Karet Jaya Raya II No.8 (Raya Mauk KM.7)
Desa Mekar Jaya – Kec. Sepatan, Kab. Tangerang – Banten
Telp. 021-59373079/80/81 – Fax. 021-59372532
Email. manorianep@gmail.com

Speaker By,

Alex Wintery
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

The answer to your customers needs

To improve the power factor of the electrical system or of the load with
reactive power compensation

To reduce the harmonic distortion rates of the network using filters

To have your customer save money on electricity expenses and

equipment

To choose the right capacitor bank according to the power system

characteristics and network with or without harmonic distortion
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

Save on the electrical Systems

Unload your main transformer

Increase the useful power at transformer secondary

Reduce the network drop of voltage

Reduce the wattful on line losses

Reduce the size of metering and protection devices

Reduce the electrical system power demand

 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

Save on your electricity bill

Cancel the reactive power expenses in kvarh billing tariff

Reduce your kVA contract in kVA max. demand billing tariff

 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

Choosing the mode and

type of compensation Sn
Gh kVA
kVA
Kind of Compensation Compensation type
Qc
installation mode P kW

General case Global Fixed if Qc/Sn≤15%

Automatic if Qc/Sn>15%

Extensive installation By sector Automatic Qc Qc

with workshops kvar kvar
M
P kW
Large reciever Individual Fixed P kW

Qc
M M kvar
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

Choosing the range

Kind of Network Gh/Sn Bank range

Standard Gh/Sn ≤ 15 % Standard range

Polluted 15 % < Gh/Sn ≤ 25 % H range

Highly polluted 25 % < Gh/Sn ≤ 60 % DR range

Very highly polluted Gh/Sn > 60% Filters

The equipment range belongs to the harmonic generator

quantity in the network
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering
Choosing the product
Individual to Fixed :
transformer Rectibloc
Gh/Sn < 15 Sn
% kVA
Gh
kVA
Fixed :
Qc Rectibloc or filter
P kW
Global Automatic :
Rectimat M, H, V
Secomat
Individual to
enclosure, cubicle
motor Qc Qc
kvar kvar
M
P kW
P kW By sector Automatic :
Fixed : Rectimat M, H, V
Varplus M Qc Secomat enclosure
Varplus M M kvar cubicle
Varplus F, P
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

Harmonics consequences
Disturbance
 Of solid state equipment
 Of remote control devices

Ageing
 Over heating of switchgear
 Insulation materials breakdown

Regulation
 The harmonic voltage maximum values not to be exceeded are
highly recommended
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

Improve the electrical current quality with harmonic

filters
Reduce the harmonic distortion rate

Improve the power factor

Power Factor Correction and Filtering
Harmonics
generators
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

Harmonics filtering
140 V 140 V 140 V

-140 V -140 V -140 V

0 ms 20 ms 0 ms 20 ms 0 ms 20 ms

Voltage waveform
5th harmonic (250Hz) Pure 50Hz sine wave
distorted by 5th harmonic
 Capasitor Are Especially Sensitive
To Harmonics

Xc = 1 x 1 = Zc = 1 = 1 = 1 .
Cω n Sc JωC J2π fC

Xl XI = Lωn = ZL = SL = JωL = J2π fL

f
 Capacitors With Detuning Reactors

PRINCIPLE = CREATE an “inductive” unit for dangerous frequencies

In the case of switched steps bank 1

detuning reector per switched step.
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

Power System Example

Before Filtering After Filtering

Distortion rate = 3,78% Distortion rate = 0,87%
Cos ø = 0,75 Cos ø = 0,92
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

At main LV switchboard
Overall compensation
Benefits
Eliminates penalties for excessive
reactive power consumption
Adjusts the real kW requirement of the
installation to the subscribed apparent
power (S in kVA)
N*1 Reduces transformer load (available
power in kW)
Reduces required circuit breaker’s rating
Remarks
The reactive current (Ir) remains present
in the installation between level 1 and the
M M M M
load devices
Line losses due to Joule effect are not
reduced (kWh)
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

At zone distribution board

Zone compensation
Benefits
Eliminates penalties for excessive
reactive power consumption
Optimizes part of the installation, i.e.
reactive current is no longer carried
between levels 1 and 2
N*1 Reduces transformer load (available
power in kW)
Reduces required rating of circuit breaker
on line-side of capacitor
N*2 N*2

Remarks
Reactive current (Ir) is only present in the
installation between level 2 and the load
M M M M
devices
Line losses due to Joule effect are
reduced (kWh)
 Power Factor Correction and Filtering

At inductive load inputs

Individual load compensation
Benefits
Eliminates penalties for excessive
reactive power consumption
Optimizes the entire installation, i.e.
reactive power is supplied where it is
consumed
N*1 Reduces transformer load (available
power in kW)
Reduces required rating of circuit breaker
on line-side of capacitor
N*2 N*2

Remarks
N*3 N*3 N*3 N*3
Reactive current (Ir) is no longer present
in installation cables
M M M M
Corresponding line losses due to Joule
effect are totally eliminated (kWh)
 Transformer

S = 200 kVA

M M M
2 motors 80 kW 60 kVAr
20 kW
Cos Ø 0.76

Cos Ø = 0.76 Cos Ø = 0.9

S = 160 =210 kVA S = 160 = 178 kVA
0.76 0.9

The Transformer is OVERLOAD NO OVERLOAD

 Transformer

Cable 150 m R = 0.016Ω / Ø

M 145 kW
Cos Ø 0.76

Cos Ø = 0.7 Cos Ø = 0.9

I = 300 A I = 233 A
Losses = 4320 W Losses = 2605 W

Saving : 4320 – 2605 = 1725 W

For one month : 1725 x 500 = 862 kW hour
 Transformer

RESULT OF A BETTER POWER FACTOR

A. Reduction of penalties

B. Increase in active power

C. Lower losses

D. Better voltage regulation

 APA YANG TELAH KITA PELAJARI?...

Fungsi Capasitor Bank

Pemilihan produk dan bagaimana aplikasinya (level instalasi)

Penerapan aplikasi Transformer

Pengaruh Cos Ø, dan bagaimana cara menghitung power saving

Thank’s For Your Time
God Bless You All ^^