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Babur (1526-1530):

Founded the Mughal Empire by defeating the Sultan of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodi, in the
Battle of Panipat in 1526.

Humayun (1530-1540, 1555-1556):

Succeeded Babur as the second Mughal Emperor.

Faced rebellions and was forced to flee India after being defeated by Sher Shah Suri
and regained his throne.

Akbar (1556-1605):

He made the Mughal Empire the most powerful state in the Indian subcontinent.

He abolished the jizya tax on non-Muslims and introduced a new religion, Din-i-Ilahi.

Jahangir (1605-1627):

Consolidated Mughal rule in India. Encouraged the development of fine arts,


especially painting, during his reign.

Shah Jahan (1628-1658):

Built the Taj Mahal in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal.

Aurangzeb (1658-1707):

Expanded the Mughal Empire to include the Deccan region of southern India.

Bahadur Shah I (1707-1712):

Faced a rebellion by his own half-brother, Prince Azim-ush-Shan

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