Zapanta, Katlyn Ann Z.

11-MGE-01
Reaction Paper

The Preamble of the 1987 Philippine Constitution states that we, the sovereign Filipino people,
imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society and establish a
government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve
and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of
independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love,
equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Contitution.

The goals and scope of the teaching begin with a clear understanding of the expected outcomes
or the goal of teaching EsP. The K to 12 Curriculum Guide for EsP was developed by the
Department of Education and states. Its goal (EsP) is to shape young people who decide and act
responsibly toward the common good to cultivate and develop the ethical personality of every
student. For this, he must possess five basic abilities: macro skills, comprehension, reflection,
consultation, decision-making, and action. EsP aims to cultivate and develop the ethical
personality of the student.The learning area standard requires that the student demonstrate an
understanding of the concepts of personal responsibility, family, neighbor, nation, world, and
God. They are able to make decisions and act responsibly towards the common good in order to
live well and happily. The teaching of EsP has cognitive, behavioral, and affective dimensions. It
begins with the student’s understanding of the concept of responsibility to himself/herself,
his/her family, fellowmen, country, and world. which leads to decision-making and responsible
action.

The Enhance Basic Education Act of 2013 (R.A.10533) states that the K to 12 Curriculum (that
includes EsP) is developed based on the principle of spiral progression. The use of spiral
progression means basic concepts, big ideas, and important tasks are revisited in every grade
level in an ever deepening inquiry and increasing complexity through engaging problems and
applications. The outgrowth of EsP teaching is a student who grows in his ethical understanding,
reflection, decision-making, and action, and a young person who will participate in building a
community that practices truth, freedom, justice, and love.

The relevance of Education sa Pagpapakatao (EsP) as a subject is heightened by the urgent need
to strengthen the moral fiber of society. For moral recovery, the Department of Education,
culture, and sports introduced the DECS Values Education Program in 1998, emphasizing social
reform through the inner transformation of the individual. That was in support of President
Corazon Aquino’s 1988 Moral Recovery Program. The DECS Values Education Program had as
its centerpiece the offering of Values Education as a subject in all grade levels. The same subject
is offered in the K to 12 Curriculum with a new name, Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao.

We have six (6) different approaches in teaching EsP, which are: values inculcation, moral
development approach, analysis approach, value clarification, action learning, and emotional-
ratio approach. The Values Inculcation approach can explain positive and negative reinforcement
and modeling. Moral development focuses on the emergence, change, and understanding of
morality from infancy through adulthood. An analytical approach is the use of an appropriate
process to break a problem down into the elements necessary to solve it. Values Clarification is
an approach that helps clients clarify their goals, priorities and values, make decisions, and
implement changes in their lives. Action Learning is a method for individual and organizational
development based on feedback. Emotion-focused therapy (EFT) is a therapeutic approach based
on the premise that emotions are key to identity.

Having a EsP subject is the most important to all of the student because it can help them to know
how to respect their country, family and neighbors. For me the law R.A.10533 is the good law
about in education because it can help to the students to know the value of the country and of
course our God.