CHEM 120.

1 – ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (LABORATORY)

LABORATORY REPORT

Exercise No. 6
Volatility: Distillation and Determination of Boiling Point

I. OBJECTIVES
1. To separate a mixture of substances using distillation.
2. To determine the boiling point of a liquid.
II.RESULTS AND INFERENCE

Results Inference
For this experiment, it is the test for its
A. Comparison of Volatility by Rate of Evaporation volatility. For part 1, the experiment is about
the comparison of volatility by rate of
Compounds tested Time Exposed Time completely Minutes
evaporation that involves the compounds,
Evaporated Elapsed
acetone, methanol, ethyl acetate, 1-
butanol, and water.
1. Acetone 00:00:00:00 00:00:44:05 44s:05ms
The higher the time completely
evaporated, the lower its volatility is,
2. Methanol 00:00:00:00 00:01:07:17 01m:07s:17ms
thus we can conclude that these factors
are inversely proportional.
3. Ethyl acetate 00:00:00:00 00:00:50:48 50s:48ms
Additionally, if we will be ranking these
compounds from highest volatility to the
4. 1-butanol 00:00:00:00 00:01:07:17 01m:07s:17ms
least volatility, we have:
1st (highest) – Acetone
5. Water 00:00:00:00 01:14:24:23 74m:24s:23ms nd
2 (higher) - Ethyl Acetate
3rd (high) – 1-butanol
4th (less) – Methanol
5th (least) – Water
This rank corresponds with the time
completely evaporated as basis to their
volatility comparison. For the 1-butanol
and methanol that has the same time
completely evaporated, we can used
another way of determining is volatility.
For example, the Hydrogen bond,
both has the hydrogen bond but it
differ on intermolecular interaction.
The higher the intermolecular
interaction, the higher its volatility, as
we can see:
1-butanol
 Methanol

1-butanol has higher intermolecular

interaction than the methanol therefore
1-butanol has higher volatility
compared to the methanol.
(COURTESY FROM GOOGLE, IMAGES
OF THE COMPOUND 1-BUTANOL
AND
METHANOL)

B. Distillation of Water and Boiling Point Determination In the experiment, the boiling point of
water was 99°C for each of the distillate
Vol. Distillate T(°)
volume.
Tap Water 1 drop 99°C For me, the temperature does not
increases because there is no other soluble
3 mL 99°C
substances such as sugar added in the
6 mL 99°C experiment. Thus the water only requires
99°C to distilled each volume that are 3 mL, 6
9 mL 99°C
mL, 9 mL, 12mL, and 15mL.
12 mL 99°C
15 mL 99°C
Description
Since there is no residue shown in
Residue After There is no residue shown in the experiment. the experiment, based on my own
Distillation perspective, the residue varies on what
compound has been used and if there some
Distillate The distillate was in a clear solution. ingredients used in the experiments. But for me
if we boil tap water, it usually has the white
powder remains on the pot that were using.

For the distillate, it forms clear solution. For

the reason that it undergoes boiling of the tap
water, when it boils, it vaporized or vapors are
form and goes to condensation that has
cooling water that causes it to forms back
into liquid. Vapors are pure water that the
tap water exerts when it boils, therefore
only the pure substance reaches the receiving
flask called distillate.