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Matematica. Probleme Si Exercitii. Teste - Clasa 11 - Marius Burtea, Georgeta Burtea
Matematica. Probleme Si Exercitii. Teste - Clasa 11 - Marius Burtea, Georgeta Burtea
Matematica. Probleme Si Exercitii. Teste - Clasa 11 - Marius Burtea, Georgeta Burtea
Geta Bercaru, Cristina Bocan, Daniela Dincd, Latta Durnitru, Ionu{ Georgescu,
Titi Hanghiuc, Simona Ionescu, Roxana Kifor, Paula Nica, Ilie Pertea,
Mihai Popeang6, Daniela Podumneac6, Diana Radu, Carmen Rusu, Dorin Rusu,
Loredana Taga
CL.ASA a Xl-a
v
MATEMATICA
a a r OO
Probleme sr
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exercrtrr
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Teste
I sisteme de ecualii liniare
T funcfii derivabile
I studiul func1iilor cu ajutorul
derivatelor
profilul tehnic
CAMPION
Bucureqti 2018
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MATRICE INVERSABILE iN
Breviar teoretic
r Fie A e M,,(c). trlatrice a A senumeEte matrice inversabill dacS existi B e M,,('iJ), astfel
ircdt A'B = B'A= 1,.
o Matricea B se numeqte inversa matricei I gi se noteazd B = A't '
o o matrice A e M *(c) este inversabild dac[ 9i nurnai dac5 det(l)+ 0.
sunt inversabile.
Solu{ie
o matrice este inversabild dacd are detenninantul diferit de zero.
ob{inem: det(z) = 5 - 6 = -t *0, det (B) : 3 - 3 = 0, det(c) = 0, det(D) = 0' Rezulta cd
Solufie
Avem cd det(,a) =16-m2. Din condi{ia det(z)+ 0 se obtrine c6 nt2 -16 * 0' deci
m+*4 saum€A\{-4,4}.
Determinanli
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[o o rJ [o o rJ
a) Calculati AB qi BA;
b) Determina{i inversa lui B '
55 se arate ci matricele (r o -r\ (1 z)
I , Sunt matricele AB qi BA inversabile?
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^=l:[3
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-l = ,-{'. b) Determinali valorile lui a e i*, pentru care X (a) este inversabild'
c) calculali (x(r))-'.
(t 2 -3)
,: . _j- este inversabild
19. Fiematricea l=11 2 -3lgipentruunarealfixatfie B=aA+I:'
[,24)
a) Este matricea I inversabild?
b) Determina{i .B-1.
(2. o l)
;nind cd: det A = 2,
20. Fie matricea A=10
| , ol.
[r o 2)
a) Aratali cd A2 =4A-3Ir;
b) Aratali cd matricea I este inversabild qi determinali I ''
b,l,n,z,eq'
21. Seddmatrice a M(a,b)=(':u
\ b a-b)
(t I)
a) D""a B=[l M(a,b)=a]z+bB ei B':=21';
-r)u'at*icd
b) Ardtali cd M'\a.bt=.lr:*
-U)
(o 1 1)
'r't Fiematricea AeU.(R',,t=lt O ,lCalculali detAEi At qiardta{ic6:
[r r oJ
[, 2 t)
24. Fie matricele A,B dinM, (R) astfel incat =(t, l'l ar*,*' AB + 1BA)-,
: r::r ersabild. ^,
l.:: rnversabild gi
2s. Fie aeR simatricer. r=[::;; :"JJ ,:t::;; i::l
a) Determina{i A-t Si B-t ;
b) Pentru ce a e R matricea -B este inversa hi A?
(t o\ f-l o\ (-t o)
"=[, ,.J [ ' ,.J=[-, t)
r\ r) o,.u ,=[l 1). ""..cd det( A)=2.'n=(:;) ,'l ,'
, '=:(:, ;)
ersabrlA.
^.=(],
':. .eale. .{rdta(i cd:
Soru{ia ecuariei este x =
i[r, ;) ii)
=
iti)
2, Sd se rezolve ecualiile:
(t z :) 2l o\
,l
(t 2\ (-t z :) b) ,lo I rl= -r
3
I
-r) 40 1l
t.
[o o r.J
20 t)
Solufie
(r z) (t -z)t.
.r) o".a I = cd det(l) = i-r t)
[i i)rr,"u^
,,_-t(
=T[-,I -2)=lf-, ,).
' rJ-][ 2 -t)
-' 2\/-r z :) r(t o 3) (t ot)
Solulia ecualieieste X =- 1[
3\. 2 -,.J[ , ,J=;[-, : :J=[-' 1 t)
'
t.
{= t :\laredet(,1)=1q1
\ / 3) Matricea r=[i
"" det(z)=l,deciesteinversab,d.
0 l/ : i]
t. lututri."u adjunctd (t o o.1 (r -2 -l\ (r -2 -')
,
o o. =1, , -, I Ei a-'=l o
'. D-:: =
Seobline 'o=1, -, l.
'
[: t t)
I'
lo o t) [o 0 1)
(2 ,o)r, _, -r\ ('tI - -1 -1
l-r , ,l.l o , -ll=l
Rezutti"aX=l
I l-l 5 -1
+ ,,1[; ; , J l4 -8 -'3
rsacild. Avem succesiv: [z o 1/' ' (2 -2 -l
3.
.-{ '3 -t\
Si se rezolve ecualia matriceal5:
i: ^ l. Solulia
-8 3) (t ') '^, [3 2]-f r 'lt)
[: s,] \+ t) lo
Solufie
L1,
10 Determinanli