ETECH REVIEWER
Google Chrome or Mozilla Firefox are used to
LESSON 8. ONLINE PLATFORMS
Online platforms support so many of
the daily activities that we have become
dependent on them in our personal and
professional lives. We rely on them to buy and
sell goods and services, to find information
online, and to keep in touch with each other.
We use them for entertainment, news,
transportation, accommodation, finding jobs
and employees, finding apps, and for many
different purposes. The term “online platform”
has been used to describe a range of services
available on the Internet including
marketplaces, search engines, social media,
creative content outlets, app stores,
communications services, payment systems,
services comprising the so-called
“collaborative” or “gig” economy, and much
more. Online platforms have some essential
things in common, including the use of
information and communication technologies
(ICTs) to facilitate interactions between users,
the collection and use of data about those
interactions, and network effects. They drive
innovation and play a vital role in digital
economies and societies.
Therefore, the definition of an online
platform is a digital service that facilitates
interactions between two or more distinct but
interdependent sets of users (whether firms or
individuals) who interact through the service via
the Internet.
THE WEB
The Web is the common name for the
World Wide Web, a subset of the Internet
consisting of the pages that can be accessed by
a Web browser.
Web pages are formatted in a language
called Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). It is
a language that allows users to click through
pages on the Web via links.
The Web uses HTTP protocol to
transmit data and share information.
Browsers such as Internet Explorer,
access Web documents, or Web pages, which
are connected via links.
The Web is just one of the ways that
information is shared over the Internet; others
include email, instant messaging and File
Transfer Protocol (FTP).
Many people assume that the Web is
the same as the Internet and use these terms
interchangeably. However, the term Internet
actually refers to the global network of servers
that makes the information sharing that
happens over the Web possible. So, although
the Web does make up a large portion of the
Internet, but they are not one and same
.
The HTTP protocol is a request/response
protocol based on the client/server-based
architecture
The HTTP CLIENT sends a request to the
SERVER in the form of a request method
The HTTP SERVER responds with a
status line, including the message’s protocol
version and a success or error code
HTTP –Hypertext Transfer Protocol
The HTTP is an application layer
protocol that allows web-based applications to
communicate and exchange data.
The HTTP is the messenger of the web.
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It is used to deliver contents like images, videos,
audios, documents, etc.
WEB EVOLUTION
• WEB 1.0 or STATIC WEB refers to the
first stage in the World Wide Web,
which was entirely made up of web
pages connected by hyperlinks. The
page is “as is”, meaning the content is
the same for all users and cannot be
manipulated by the user.
• WEB 2.0 or DYNAMIC WEB is the
evolution of Web 1.0 where the user is
able to see a website differently than
others. Examples of Web 2.0 include
social networking sites, blogs, wikis,
video sharing sites, hosted services, and
web applications.
• WEB 3.0 or SEMANTIC WEB is an idea
of World Wide Web inventor Tim
Berners-Lee that the Web as a whole
can be made more intelligent and
perhaps even intuitive about how to
serve a user's needs.
o Static website is any site that
has a fixed/ stagnant content
usually written in html code.
o Dynamic website is a site whose
construction is controlled by an
application server processed by
server-side scripts.
FOUR DESIGN ESSENTIALS OF WEB 1.0 SITE
1. Static pages
2. Content is served from the server’s file-
system
3. Pages built using Server Side Includes or
Common Gateway Interface (CGI)
4. Frames and Tables used to position and
align the elements on a page
• In Web 1.0 advertisements on
websites while surfing the
internet is banned.
• Web 1.0 is a content delivery
network (CDN) which enables
to showcase the piece of
information on the websites. It
has directories which enable
user to retrieve a particular
piece of information.
• The CGI was a program
executed by the server that
provided a common "gateway"
between the web server and
the database.
FIVE MAJOR FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
1. Free sorting of information, permits
users to retrieve and classify the
information collectively
2. Dynamic content that is responsive to
user input
3. Information flows between site owner
and site users by means of evaluation
and online comments
4. Developed APIs to allow self-usage,
such as by a software application
5. Web access leads to concern different,
from the traditional internet user base
to a wider variety of users
• Web 2.0 refers to world wide
website which highlight user-
generated content, usability
and interoperability for end
users.
• Web 2.0 is also called
participative social web.
• An interaction and
collaboration with each other is
allowed by Web 2.0 in a social
media dialogue as creator of
user-generated content in a
virtual community.
• An application programming
interface (API) is an interface or
communication protocol
between a client and a server
intended to simplify the
building of client-side software.
FEATURES OF DYNAMIC WEBPAGES
1. Folksonomy. It allows users to
categorize and classify/arrange
information using freely chosen
keywords (e.g., tagging).
2. Rich User Experience. Content is
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 dynamic and is responsive to user’s
input. An example would be a website
that shows local content. In the case of
social networking sites, when logged
on, your account is used to modify what
you see in their website.
3. Long Tail Keywords. In making a search,
long tail is more specific than a head
keyword making the results more
specific.
4. User Participation. The owner of the
website is not the only one who is able
to put content.
5. Software as a Service. Users will
subscribe to a software only when
needed rather than purchasing them.
This is a cheaper option if you do not
always need to use a software.
6. Mass Participation. It is a diverse
information sharing through universal
web access. Since most users can use
the Internet, Web 2.0’s content is based
on people from various cultures.
USAGE OF WEB 2.0
1. Podcasting
2. Blogging
3. Tagging
4. Curating with RSS
5. Social bookmarking
6. Social networking
7. Social media
8. Web content voting
• Podcasting is the practice of using the
Internet to make digital recordings of
broadcasts available for downloading to
a computer or mobile device.
• Each and every skill you need to run
and manage a Blog is called blogging.
Blogging includes Skills Like Search
Engine Optimization, Social Media
Marketing, Writing, Editing and
Publishing Posts, Designing and
Maintaining the Design of your
Website, etc.
• A Blog is a regularly updated website or
web page, typically one run by an
individual or small group, that is written
in an informal or conversational style.
• "Tagging" is a social feature that started
on Facebook that involves attaching a
friend's name to a social media post or
image online.
• RSS (Rich Site Summary) is a format for
delivering regularly changing web
content. Many news- related sites,
weblogs and other online publishers
syndicate their content as an RSS Feed
to whoever wants it.
• Social bookmarking is an online service
which allows users to add, annotate,
edit, and share bookmarks of web
documents.
• Social networking is the use of
dedicated websites and applications to
interact with other users, or to find
people with similar interests to oneself.
• Social media are websites and
applications that enable users to create
and share content or to participate in
social networking.
• Web content voting is a feature of
dynamic websites where users select
and pick information written to their
specific format.
LESSON 9. COLLABORATIVE DEVELOPMENT in
ICT
TEAM STRUCTURE AND DYNAMICS
• “Team structure” is described as a less
hierarchical organizational structure in
which individuals are divided into teams
• Each team has members who
complement each other’s abilities
• Members may change over time, but
the overall goal is the same
• “Team dynamics” is the unconscious,
psychological forces that influence the
direction of a team’s behavior and
performance
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TEAM DYNAMICS STRATEGIES
• Know your team
• Tackle problems quickly with good
feedback
• Define roles and responsibilities
• Break down barriers
• Focus on communication
• Pay attention
COLLABORATION TOOLS
• A collaboration tool helps people to
collaborate. The purpose of a
collaboration tool is to support a group
of two or more individuals to
accomplish a common goal or objective.
Collaboration tools can be either of a
non-technological nature such as paper,
flipcharts, post-it notes or whiteboards.
They can also include software tools
and applications such as collaborative
software.
• Collaborative software or groupware is
application software designed to help
people involved in a common task to
achieve their goals.
TYPES OF ONLINE COLLABORATION TOOLS
• Communication
o E-Mail
o Voicemail
o Instant messaging (IM)
o VoIP (video call)
• Coordination
o Online calendars
o Time trackers
o Whiteboards
o Event scheduling
o Task list
• Coordination is defined as "the
deliberate and orderly alignment or
adjustment of partners’ actions to
achieve jointly determined goals".
Collaboration tools supporting this are
the ones who allow you to set up group
activities, schedules, and deliverables.
• Cooperation tools allow groups to have
real-time discussions and to shape an
idea or thought together.
EXAMPLES OF ONLINE COLLABORATION TOOLS
TASKS LISTS
1. Asana
Is the shared task list for your team. The
place to plan, organize, and stay in sync
with your efforts.
2. Remember the Milk
Is an application service provider for
Web-based task and time management.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
1. Mindjet
Helps us to choose the best design
direction to balance safety, design and schedule
risks.
2. Teamlab
Is a free open-source platform for
business collaboration and project
management. Create your own corporate portal
in the cloud for free.
3. Trello
is a collaboration tool that organizes
your projects into boards.
4. Project2Manage
is an online project management
application that helps you stay up-to-date, o
task and connected with your team.

• Cooperation EVENT SCHEDULING

o Video conferencing 1. Doodle
o Group chat Eliminates the chaos of scheduling and
o Application saves you a lot of time and energy when you’re
o File sharing trying to find a time to bring a number of
o Spreadsheets people together.
o Document publishing 2. Google Calendar
• Communication tools provide exchange Is the Google suite tool for scheduling.
of information between individuals.

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WHITEBOARD trainer yourself.
1. Stixy 3. Vidquick
Makes it fun and easy for you to Is a web conferencing & sales solution
collaborate online. Create tasks, appointments, platform.
files, photos, notes, and bookmarks on your 4. iMeet
Stixyboards. is a face-to-face secure online meetings
2. GroupZap service for business.
Is a tool for you and your team to 5. ooVoo
collaborate on ideas in real-time, even if you’re is free 12-way video chat, instant
not in the same room. messaging & more.
3. Creately
Is cloud-based diagramming and design WEB PRESENTING
tool. 1. Slideshare
4. Conceptboard Is the best way to share presentations,
Is an app for simple, visual teamwork. documents and professional videos.
Create sketches, brainstorm or work together
on documents. Directly in your browser or on FILE SHARING
the iPad. 1. CX
Is a new kind of cloud experience that
COLLABORATIVE DEVELOPMENT takes content to the next level with a range of
1. JsFiddle unique features: secure storage, real-time
Is an online editor for snippets built syncing, public and private sharing, interactive
from HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. group collaboration, and intelligent discovery.
2. GitHub 2. Dropbox
Free public repositories, collaborator Is a service that lets you bring your
management, issue tacking, wikis, downloads, photos, docs, and videos anywhere and share
code review, graphs and much more. them easily.
3. SugarSync
DOCUMENT PLANNING Is a service that syncs files across
1. Issuu computers and other devices.
Is an online service that allows for
realistic and customizable viewing of digitally LESSON 10 MULTIMEDIA & WEB
uploaded material, such as portfolios, books, DEVELOPMENT
magazines issues, newspapers, and other print
media. MULTIMEDIA
2. Scribd • The term multimedia could be defined
Is a social publishing site, where tens of as the usage of multiple agent (text,
millions of people share original writings and audio, video, graphic & animation) for
documents. disseminating and presenting
information to audience (target user).
INSTANT MESSAGING & VOIP AUDIO • It is a combination of text, graphic,
CONFERENCING sound, animation, and video that is
1. Skype delivered interactively to the user by
Make internet calls for free with Skype. electronic or digitally manipulated
2. Dozeo means.
Free video conferencing and webinars
for all. Spontaneous or planned. Look for ELEMENTS of MULTIMEDIA
professional training courses or become a TEXT

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 • A broad term for something that 2 types of animation:
contains words to express something. • 2D – animating objects that
• Text is the most basic element of appear in two-dimensional
multimedia. space
• Used in contents, menus, navigational • 3D – animating objects that
buttons appear in three-dimensional
GRAPHIC space and it can be rotated and
• Two-dimensional figure or illustration. moved like real objects.
• Could be produced manually (by
drawing, painting, carving, etc.) or by
computer graphics technology.
• Used in multimedia to show more
clearly what a particular information is
all about (diagrams, picture).

AUDIO
• Produced by vibration, as perceived
by the sense of hearing.
• In multimedia, audio could come in
the form of speech, sound effects
and also music score.
2 attributes of waves
• Volume – the higher the peak,
the louder the sound
• Frequency (Hertz, Hz) – the
greater the distance, the lower
the sound.
ANIMATION
• The illusion of motion created by the
consecutive display of images of static
elements.
• In multimedia, animation is used to
further enhance / enriched the
experience of the user to further
understand the information conveyed
to them.
Special effects:
• Morphing
• Warping

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VIDEO
• Is the technology of capturing,
recording, processing, transmitting, and
reconstructing moving pictures.
• Bring a sense of realism to multimedia
files and useful in engaging the users
and evoking emotion.
Sources of video: Web sites, film, video
camera, video clip etc.
ONLINE GAMES
• Game developers now create what is
called “browser-based.” You do not
need to install these games to your
computer as they run in most updated
web browser.
ONLINE TESTS
• Online survey forms and tests that
automatically display the results when
finished.
COURSEWARE
• Online courses that simulate the
classroom online.
PODCASTS
• An episodic series of audio or text files
streamed online
VODCASTS
• An episodic series of video streamed
online
UNDERSTANDING WEB USERS
TV (Lean-Back)
• TV is a passive medium
• Users want to be entertained,
relaxation mode & vegging out
• Little to no user initiative
• Viewing TV can be a social
environment.
Web (Lean-Forward)
• Web is an active medium
• Users are engaged, want to go places,
want to get things done
• Allows for interaction, user initiative &
empowerment
• Viewing web is solitary environment
IMPLICATIONS OF THE F-PATTERN
• Users won’t read your text thoroughly
o Reading from computer screens
25% slower than from paper
o 79% of users scan the page
instead of reading word-for-
word
o Web content should be 50% the
word count of paper equivalent
• The first two paragraphs must state the
most important information
• Start subheads, paragraphs and bullet
points with information carrying words
WRITING FOR THE WEB: CONTENT
• Write for a single reader rather than an
audience
• Provide as much context as possible
• Anticipate and answer your reader’s
questions
• Take your reader on an interesting and
well-considered journey
• Avoid jargon & marketese (i.e. usually
serves as criticism against the
promotional wording, and often implies
that a technical or objective wording
would be more appropriate)
STRIVE FOR USABLE CONTENT
• Clear and easy to understand
• Meaningful
• Makes the reader feel smart
• Fresh, light, and lively
• Organized in such a way that users can
get their mind around it
• Encourages feedback and engineered
for conversation
TEXT VERSUS MULTIMEDIA
• Text version better for recalling
information about:
o Names & places
o Specific factual information
• Multimedia version better for recalling
and learning information about a
process or procedure that was
unfamiliar
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USING TEXT
• Text is used to supply basic content, as
well as to add text-based menus and
hyperlinks
• Serif typefaces: more readable, used for
large bodies of text
• Sans serif typefaces: used for titles,
headings, Web page banners
• Different typefaces can convey widely
different feelings and impressions
• Important to select the appropriate
font size
• When a consistent text appearance is
required—such as a logo—a graphical
image is used instead
LESSON 11 DIGITAL CONTENT FOR WEB
DEVELOPMENT
WHAT IS A WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (WCMS)?
• A WEB CONTENT MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (WCMS), a utilization of a
content management system (CMS), is
a set of tools that provides an
organization with a way to manage
digital information on a website
through creating and maintaining
content without prior knowledge of
web programming or markup languages
• A WCMS facilitates collaborative
authoring for websites
• These are web-based applications that
are designed for the creation and
updating of websites
• They may have themes or plugins to
extend functionality and make the
management of a website simple.
3 KEY FEATURES OF WCMS
• The ability to design, create and
maintain personalized content for a
website
• The ability for editors to review and
approve content prior to publication
• An automated publishing process
ADDITIONAL FEATURES OF WCMS
• Automated, standard templates
• Controlled access to the page
• Scalable expansion to allow for growth
• Tools that allow for easy editing
• Easily installed plug-ins to extend
existing functionality
• Regular software updates
• Workflow management
• Collaboration tools allowing for
multiple users to modify content
• Document management
• Content distribution and content
update emails to users
• Ability to display content in various
languages and
• Allowing editors to retrieve previous
versions of content
BEST FREE WCMS
• Django
• Drupal™
• GRAV
• Joomla!
• SilverStripe
• WordPress
WHY WORDPRESS?
• The number of options: Because
WordPress powers 30% of the internet,
there are over 11,000 different
templates and 50,000 different plugins,
all of which means you can get just
about anything done without having to
code.
• Other website makers are limited: Not
just because they don’t have as many
templates/plugins as WordPress
(though that is the case). But also,
because by their very nature, website
builders like Wix and Squarespace can
only let you do so much because
they’re designed to be easy to use. That
means fewer options so there’s less
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 chance of things breaking for technical
or “you screwed up” reasons.
WORDPRESS
• The biggest of all the free WCMS:
WordPress.
• According to BuiltWith®, 31 percent of
all websites using free CMS
technologies are designed with
WordPress.
• This open source content management
system was first introduced in 2003 and
since then has grown to be the largest
self-hosted blogging tool in the world.
But they’ve moved way beyond
blogging to also be one of the largest
and best open source CMS programs.
• WordPress is used by 27 percent of all
websites. That’s a huge
accomplishment for a free content
management system. More than 60
million people have chosen this CMS
open source platform to power their
websites.
LESSON 12. ICT as a PLATFORM for CHANGE
Information Communication
Technology (ICT) has become an important
aspect of us in our social issues today.
Throughout our history, ICT continues to affect.
How ICT helps the community
• Education
o Different approaches for
learning are being implemented
in different countries.
Classrooms can be done online,
virtual laboratories, and offline
modules are implemented.
• Fight against Misinformation
o The internet is composed of a
very large community of people
that shares experience, news,
and updates about the real
world.
o Information overload is
becoming rampant at different
social media sites that may
cause misinformation,
miscommunication, and
misinterpretation among the
users of this particular
platform.
• Helping livelihood using e-commerce
o Social media sites have become
a great marketing platform
since people are transitioning
to online shopping due to its
availability and low-cost.
o Different services are being
offered online such as, online
banking, food delivery, online
subscriptions, and etc.
• Freedom of speech
o The internet, especially social
media sites are being utilized to
give different opinions, ideas,
and suggestions about current
events that affect the
community.
• Entertainment
o A number of entertainment
platforms such as Netflix,
Spotify, mobile games, and etc.
can keep people entertained
while being safe at home.
Global Digital Divide
Describes the unequal distribution of
information and communication technology
across nations, commonly described as the “gap
between information haves and have nots”
Why Global Digital Divide exist
1. Infrastructure - The transmission of
microwave signal serves as the medium
of internet.
2. Geography - The geography of a certain
country affects the bandwidth of the
internet signal, such as mountainous
terrain, isolated lands, provincial.
3. Government Restrictions - The
government is able to restrict or limit
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 the usage of internet in their own
country.
Role of ICT in History
EDSA (People Power Revolution)
• A major protest that took place along
EDSA from February 22 to 25, 1986.
• Cardinal Sin encouraged the Filipinos to
help end the regime of the former
President Ferdinand Marcos through
Radyo Veritas which helped change the
course of history.
EDSA Dos
• also known as 2001 EDSA Revolution
happened during January 17-21, 2001.
• It was fueled after 11 prosecutors of
then President Joseph Estrada walked
out of the impeachment trial. As a
result, the people in EDSA grew over
the course of a few days through text
brigades
Super Typhoon Yolanda
• Recent storms in the Philippines gave
birth to the People Finder data base
powered by Google. During typhoon
Yolanda, the People Finder was a vital
tool for people across the globe to track
the situation of their relatives.
Advocacy by Change.org
Advocacy Is a process of supporting and
enabling people to:
• Express views and concerns
• Access information's and services
• Defend and promote their rights and
responsibilities
Change. Org
• Is dubbed as the “world’s platform for
change” where anyone from online
community can create a petition and
ask others to sign it.
• It gives access to more people by
allowing the online community to affix
their digital signatures on a petition.
The petition of Mary Jane Veloso
• The petition to have death row convict
Mary Jane Veloso released was the
fastest evergrowing petition from the
Philippines with over 250,000
signatories from over 125 countries.
Data Analytics applied to the pandemic
Data Analytics is a very vital tool to:
• Observe number of people who are
labeled as active COVID-19 case
• Predict the number of people it will
infect for the next few weeks and
months.
• Help with complications, allocating
resources and identifying clues in
medical records.
Coping up with the new-normal
The new medium of education for
offline and online learning.
Offline: Modules in Flash drives, CD, Television,
and Radio.
Online: Zoom, Blackboard, Google classrooms,
Messenger, and etc.
• Helping people to stay safe by working
from home.
• Formal meetings and gatherings can be
conducted online.
• Shopping and online marketplace are
done online.
Digital Citizenship
• Refers to the utilization of information
technology (IT) in order to engage in
society, politics, and government. K.
Mossberger, et al. define digital citizens
as "those who use the Internet regularly
and effectively".
Digital Citizenship Principles
• Engage Positively
o Respect the rights of others to
participate and have an opinion
o ask before tagging other people
or posting photos
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 o report offensive or illegal
content
o stand up and speak out about
cyberbullying protect your
friends
o don't respond to hurtful or
nasty comment block and
report cyberbullying
o speak to your parents or
trusted adult about upsetting
online experiences
o Report threats of violence to
the police (collect the evidence
to show them).
• Know your online world
o learn how new skills will help
you explore the online world
o recognize online risks and how
to manage them
o look out for suspicious emails
and scams
o use secure websites for
financial and retail services
o keep passwords secret, strong
and unique
o know how to report bullying
behavior on social media sites.
• Choose Consciously
o choose privacy and security
settings carefully and check
them regularly
o choose friends wisely online not
everybody online is who they
claim to be, regularly review
your connections and remove
people
o If you have made a mistake
apologize and take down
offensive material as soon as
possible
o ask for permission before
uploading pictures of your
friends.
9 Elements of Digital Citizenship
1. Digital Access
• This is perhaps one of the most
fundamental blocks to being a
digital citizen. However, due to
socio economic status, location,
and other disabilities some
individuals may not have digital
access.
• Digital access is available in
many remote countries via
cyber cafés and small coffee
shops.
2. Digital Commerce
• This is the ability for users to
recognize that much of the
economy is regulated online. It
also deals with the
understanding of the dangers
and benefits of online buying,
using credit cards online, and so
forth.
3. Digital Communication
• This element deals with
understanding the variety of
online communication
mediums such as email, instant
messaging, FB messenger, the
variety of apps, and so forth.
There is a standard of etiquette
associated with each medium.
4. Digital Literacy
• This deals with the
understanding of how to use
various digital devices. It is
ability and knowledge needed
to learn and teach using
technology tools
5. Digital Etiquette
• This is the expectation that
various mediums require a
variety of etiquette. Certain
mediums demand more
appropriate behavior and
language than others
6. Digital Law
• This is where enforcement
occurs for illegal downloads,
plagiarizing, hacking, creating
viruses, sending spams, identity
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 theft, cyberbullying, and so
forth
7. Digital Health & Wellness
• Digital citizens must be aware
of the physical stress placed on
their bodies by internet usage.
They must be aware to not
become overly dependent on
the internet causing eye strain,
headaches, stress problems,
and so on.
8. Digital Security
• This simply means that citizens
must take measures to be safe
by practicing using difficult
passwords, virus protection,
backing up data, and so forth.
9. Digital Rights & Responsibilities
• This is the set of rights that
digital citizens have such as
privacy, speech, and so forth.

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