Unit 27 immar @ inversions / possessives Inversions with negative adverbial words and phrases ‘When we put some negative adverbial words and phrases atthe beginning ofa sentence for emphasis, ‘the subject and the verb invert’. Ths means we use the question form ofthe verb, even though ‘the sentence is not a question, Inversions are quite formal and are not usually used in conversation. Form negative adverbial word/phrase + question form [No sooner had | accepted the job than they told me |had to work weekends. Negative adverbial ‘Sample Never ‘everhove worked ohardinany We. Rarely ‘Rarely have worked 0 hardinallmy ie. Selon Seldomhavelworkedsohardn liye ‘Nosooner (than) ‘No sooner had Matt started work than heresigned. Hardy when) Hardly had Matt started work when eresigned. — Notoniy(butala/oo) | Not onlywere you late for work but you hod alo frgoten the report Under ccumstances | Under dreamstances are employee lowed o ave the bling without person ‘Aino time/pint ‘tno time/point wos id wha the jb ioe. ile | Lite did realise hat woud become manoging arco st wo yas later. Notun ert day di hear hat hed gt ho On ‘Only the end ofthe interview di think nod a cance af eting eed @ Lies used with verbs of thought realise, know, suspect etc) and means Tad not reaieet at al ‘7 Ute did know ho things were going totum out. (Tei not know at ll how things were going to turn out) (© Wit nor uni and ony, you have to be careful about which verb tower. 'Y ‘Notuntil had fnlsbed my homeworkwas allowed 099 Ut x °Y Only when thad finished my homework was allowed '0 90 out x Inshor answers andother similar | Tmapuméer: Scr vang sant andror | fealeseam [Myst does ke getting reody fr work and nether do/ nor do. ‘The manager wos nervous about the decors visitas were the rest ofthe staf. ‘Ateras soand such Solate wast thot there wos no one inthe ofc. Suchahot day wasitthat noone wontedto work. ‘Were our staf better rained we might moke large prof. (= our sta were Incondtional sentences better trained .) ‘Had! known cout the vacancy, would have applies. (= had known «) 5@ Remember that So amv/do/have Fis used to agree with a postive statement and ‘either/Nor amdorhaver isused to agree with negative statement ‘realy ke my job: Sool “realy dom the my job Nether do1/Nor do 166‘We can show possession by using and s: Use Example \Weuse Sith singular nouns including names. and with | That's the managers cr over thee, legula plurals which donot end in Weare sti wating for Sorat’ decision about who to take on. think that women’srights should be protected by low. We stad an apostrophe to regular pura nouns ending | 14 pote pay wosincresedby en percent. . ‘Aeron hours wat finaly otto see the manager. Weuse'sors'in some time expressions. a ere eee aes IsthisJobrs beoze? We usually use's rs with people or groups composed of | We heldameeting to discus the company’s fnances ‘eople) and animals. For ther things we normally use of | Thevet hada close ook atte cots pom. helmet. The technician had a lose lok at the back of my computer (ot at my computers back) [© With singular names ending in-s some people use Sand some people just add an apostrophe, ‘They are both correct, though using ssmare common. The eportison Charles computer nthe oe Thereportison Chares'computerin tea. {© With plu names ending ns, we just add an apostrophe, as with other plurals The Smith business eventuly closed down. (© With phrases, the possessive Sand must goat the end ofthe whole phrase. ¥ Tom Dick and Nonysoficis around here somewhere. x % The resident of Franc’ visto England Wil be good or business. X “The resdentsoffrancevisttoEnglandwitbe good for beni: Example Possessive determiners my your his he tour thei) come | Fm realy excited about my new jo before a noun and show possesion ‘Are you looking forward 9 meeting your new boss? rows ret How about you youre) Serie pronoun ming youn. heron your, | Oeics stag ql we ut her Sarena e a nants _are having problems with theirs. (= ..their business) Possessve pronouns can also be sed afte ofto show | shebacolleague of mine (=..one of my colleagues) possession ‘Arethey customers of yours? [0 common mistake tobe avoided s using a possestive pronoun instead ofa possessive ‘determiner o using a determiner instead ofa pronoun. °F Idonitrealy get on so wel with my bos. x [fee yours dangers but i Fenton ey eh yau about thei? -+hnowe yout yobs dmaeres but di Ftenkond enn tliow about thelr (© Remember that there are ne apostrophes in possesive pronouns. x © Dont get confused between its (possessive determine without an apostrophe and its (contraction fr tio ithos, with an apostrophe). °¢ Our company shoping to increase ts share of ie marke. 1 Gur componyishoping toineeeselts shore oF hermanA Write when or than in each gap. 1 Hardly had we started 2 Nosooner had weset off 3 No sooner were the animals caught .. 4 Harty had closed my eyes 55 Nosooner dol dothe washing. theres another ple to be done. 6 Hardly were wein positon. the bomb went of a B Choose the correct answer. 1 Nosooner- down thanthe phone -7-—_‘Raely...- about the envionment rang. enough to giv up ther cae 1 thad 8 dolst "do people care 8 peoplecare C hadlsat wash siting arepeoplecare D care people 2 Never = agrenter dayinthebistory 8 Only when... may vehicles cross af mankind the tantra go ‘A didtherebe —@ wasthere A isthe green ight on € therewas—D therehas been ® thereentohtison 2 Atnotine nun tate wes thelr C didn rentghbe on AA Ididnttsuspect 8 was! suspect Dien ei aes oe thadsuspected 0 didlsuspect Seldom... sucharude person! ; A baveimet — B thavemet 4 Unde that knew his secret A didJohnknow — 8 John did know 6 id Ie Dyer lpectig' C waslohnknow 0 Johnknew 18 Onlyaterdoing is chores. to 90 5S Not until... her did realise how fornia edict, Not sate 1 Jason was alowed AR Isaw B didtsee Bae en ey haw | hl € wasallowed Jason D was Jason alowed 6 Notonly ..— my keys, ve lost my wallet 00 A'ihavelost 8 arelbst C Idid lose: D have ostC If a word or phrase in bold is correct, puta tick (7). If itis incorrect, rewrite it correctly. 11 Hardly Tom had opened the door when the dog ran outinto the street. Only when I read the book did! ealse why it was so special... 3 Not only you passed the exam, but you aso got an Al 4 Not nti! do see Greg next week will know whether he got the ob. 5 Nosooner had we found our seats than the fm began 6 _Atno point while the race staking place members of th ‘onto the track. 7 Under no circumstances do the equipment to be used without supervision. Inversion /ossessves Unit 27 18 Little thought that one day my best friend would become prime minister. 9 Never did be 20 pleased to see someone else succeed 10 Hardly had put the baby to bed when she started crying, D Complete using the correct form of the words in brackets. eee [No So0neE (9) nnn {1/ start) working at Tayforth Nielsen, the computer ‘company, than | realised it was the perfect opportunity for my hobby: hacking! Dont get me Y70Ng. AE NO POINE (2) nnn (1/ have) ever stolen anything. | do it forthe challenge. NOt OMY (3) enn / Hk) proving | can do it, but sometimes @ sansa (it / help) a company to build a better security system. Rarely ©. (they / see) It ike that, of course. | decided | would see if | could break into the Grand Bank system. Litle (6) mmm cove 1 / realise) what was waiting for me. ‘The second day of working there, hardly (7) en (everyone else / leave) when I started to try simple passwords. Seldom (8) = (this / is) enough, though. You usually have to work much harder than that Not until midnight ) s-nsnnn (LJ get) access to the Grand Bank system. Hardly (10) n=: (W/ have) time to look around the system when the door to my office flew open and three men rushed in. Only when (19) nnn Sas (they / show) me their 10 (12) v= 1 / realise) that it was the police. ‘They had been expecting something like this and had waced my computer! Not only ta v(t / Be Fred) But (14) nnn «(they /keep) all my computer records, too. Maybe i's time to find another hobby. E Complete the sentences so that the meaning remains the same,1. Photographs are not permitted under any circumstances. Under (We've never faced such a serious problem as this. Never ‘only realised it was Vanessa when she removed her hat. Only ro ‘The audience didn't laugh at any point during the show. A vo ‘As soon as Patrick had finished the emai he sentit. ection ‘It wasn't clear who was going to win the match until the last few minutes. Not Dennis passed his driving test and had an accident almost immediately afterwards, Hardly = Unit 27 Grammar 8 didnt eam the result ofthe match until |read the evening paper. Only _ 9 The president will nt resign under any circumstances. ; Under... 10 The accused showed no emotion at any time during the tial ‘So. 2 ‘Wenever seem to spend much time together in my family’ either : 2 3 ; i i i é ms & = s 4 z L a i g & 2 “Nor i 5 ‘Tllbe on holiday this time next week’ 55, : 6 “Thad no idea Chris was getting married’ ‘Neither 7 7 “should really get more exercise’ ‘so. etna G Write one word in each gap. 1. Such a long way ann» it that we decided to go by tain, 2 Sobadly.. play chess that | almost never agree to have a game. _—B Pupils are expected to behave politely, wanmnn--- members of staff 4 Sotired x that | decided to ie down fora while.5 Suchathreat tosociety ~~ you that | have no choice but to send you to prison, Socold..... itlast winter that all our pipes froze. 7 Calculators are banned from the examining room, as hhandheld computers. 8 Ihave been having very strange dreams lately 25. Form possessives from the nouns given. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ‘versions /posesshes Unit 27 9 (2CK 2d eee WING YO (Students nnn 11 (ctildren) 12 (politicians: Complete usin the words in the bor. Use each word only once. her « hers « it's line « my » their « theirs 1 TellMichele that's my problem, not. Are you sure this ist. because it ooks just lke the one | was given for Christmas? 3 Thanks fr the offer but Ithink use own money. 4 {saya wallet onthe floor next toa couple of tourists and asked them ifit was 5 Remind your sister to bring ~~» Book tothe lesson tomorrow. 6 tmnotsure,but! think... Mark's bag, ist it? 7 Could you make sure that your children dont leave .—~ please? ‘8 What secrets do you think the Moon might be hiding within... ~ toysin my garden again, sav raters? J) Haline is correct, puta tick (7) next tothe number. If there i next tothe number. n extra word in a line, write itFIRST DAY AT WORK Well Trisha, that's my own fist day at my new job out ofthe way. wasnt sure what to expect, butt turned out okay. My manager was rally nice, ‘much nicer than yours boss sounds from your letter. No sooner had l arrived at work than did he made me a cup of teal It was a really pleasant surprise. Not only did he do that, but he was aso kind enough to explain to me how everything worked. The office is really modern and its comfortable-The other ‘people all have their own desks, ut mine desk stil hasnt been delivered, so lam sharing with someone else for now. Litle did! not realise when | took the ob that was going to enjoy it so much.t have finally found a job that | am happy in, and so will you have, tm sure. Hope tomorrow's as much fun! Seevausun-e eS