This is a juxtaposition of function and notion in Language learning.

While function is concerned with

social behavior and intention of the speaker or writer, notion reflects on le way in which the human
mind thinks and how it uses language to divide reality. This is an offshoot of work into language as a
communication that has greatly influenced ESP.

- Functional / notional grammar Is a comparison of notion and function in language learning.

While function or ang tungkulin is concerned with social behavior and intention of the
speaker such as advising, warning, threatening, describing, etc. While notion or paniwala in
tagalog is the way in which human thinks and how humans uses language to divide reality.
There are the categories into which, the mind and thereby language divides reality, for
example, time, frequency, duration, gender, location, quantity, quality etc. These has
become a branch of the study of language as communication that has greatly influenced
ESP.

The functional view was adopted into language teaching in the 1970s. Then, there was a move from
syllabuses organized on structural grounds to ones based on functional or notional criteria
(Hutchinson & Waters, 1987, p. 32).

- No need to explain naman na tong sunod na slide. Ma eexplain sya next slide

The move towards functionally based syllabus has greatly influenced ESP because the adult ESP
learners, who must have mastered the language structure, probably at school are acquiring English
for the needs. This is learning use the structures already acquired.

- Because of the said move from 1970, functionally based syllabus has became a great
influence in ESP. This is because adult ESP learners who mastered language structures are
now acquiring English for their needs and they started to put use for the structures that they
had already learned or acquired. Or in tagalog, karamihan sa mga ESP learners na na-master
na ang language structures ay muling kumukuha ng bagong kaalaman sa mga ito upang
kanilang magamit sa kanilang pangangailangan at upang mahanapan ng iba pang pag
gagamitan ang iba nilang kaalaman sa language structures na ito.

The weak point of this syllabus type, according to Hutchinson and Waters (1987) is that suffers in
particular from a lack of any kind of systematic conceptual framework, and as sun does not help the
learners to organize their knowledge of language".

- According to Hutchinson and waters (1987) the weak point of this particular syllabus is that
it lacks systematic conceptual framework. It means that this syllabus gives a hard time for its
learners to organize their knowledge. Or in tagalog, ang kahinaan ng syllabus na ito ay ang
kakulangan sa systematic conceptual framework. Ang partikular na syllabus na ito ay hindi
nakatutulong sa pag sasaayos o organize ng karunungan sa lengwahe.

No until this stage of discourse analysis, language has not been looked at beyond the sentence level.
Discourse analysis is a logical development of functional/notional view of language. The emphasis
here is on how meaning is generated between sentences. To create meaning, you should also
consider the context of a sentence.

- Discourse analysis focuses on the forms and functions of language as well as the specific
context of interaction. This means that a sentence must have a certain amount or level of
context before having a real meaning. There won’t be meaning between words on a
sentence unless it has context along the line.