Oscillations Questions Latest Oscillations MCQ Objective Questions - India’s #1 Learning Platform Cee Re ect See Ce Clue lel) aos ey ee Desens Presa Br B Download App Question 1: What is the ratio of potential energy to kinetic energy of a body executing simple harmonic motion when the displacement is equal to one-third of the amplitude? coaching India's Super Teachers for all govt. exams Late tons long eres Answer (DOption 1:1 Win over the concepts of Osviliions and get a step ahead withthe preperations for Physics with | Testbook. Oscillations Question 1 Detailed Solution Concept: Simple Harmonic Motion or SHM is a specific type of oscillation in which the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement of the particle from the mean position. * Kinetic energy = Smw%(A2- x2) * Potential energy = 2mw?x? * Total energy = mw2A2 + Where, m= mass, A= amplitude, J Sanguler frequency, x = displacement of the particle Calculation: Given that the displacement is equal to one-third of the amplitude, x = +A Then, Kinetic energy = +mu2%(A2- ($A) 2)= 5 x +mw2A2— (1) Potential energy = +mw%(+A)2= + x +mw?A2— (2) From equation 1 and 2, the ratio of potential energy to kinetic energy is Py a dximutat 1 hier t & Ree aren eee Start Complete Exam Preparation eS Practice a ao 5) ie leas IVES Question Bank Download App Question 2: View this Question Online > A simple pendulum consists of a small metallic ball or a piece of stone suspended from a rigid stand by a thread. The metallic ball is called the ___ of the pendulum.ri ROP 4. head 5. None of the above/More than one of the above Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1 : bob Oscillations Question 2 Detailed Solution The correct answer is bob. NA © Key Points 6° + Asimple pendulum sO » A point mass attached to a light ine and suspended from fixed support is called a simple pendulum. » The vertical line passing thro ‘ed support is the mean position of a simple pendulum. > The vertical distal suspended body ( pendulum denoted by L. > Asimple pendulum is a mechanical arrangement that demonstrates periodic motion. Asimple pendulum consists of a small metallic ball or a piece of stone suspended from a rigid stand by a thread. The metallic ball is called the bob of the pendulum. Hence, Option 1 Is correct. The three parts of a pendulum are ® cable or wire @ bob or weight, m@ fixed point en the point of suspension and the centre of mass of the itis in the mean position) is calied the length of the simpleFg eee ec SSE Ta ery ele LiCl) rears fared Pa CCS cierey Question Bank D> Download App Exon) Question 3: View this Question Online > Radha uses a simple pendulum to determine the value of acceleration due to gravity in her physics laboratory. The percentage errors of measurement in length and time period of pendulum are 1% and 2% respectively. The percentage error in the value of g determined by ~~ 191% 2. 3% 3. 5% 4. 7% Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3: 5% Oscillations Question 3 Detailed Solution The time period of oscillation of a pendulum is given by . tea where | is the length and g is the acceleration of gravity.From the equation of motion of a Pendulum we get 1 g=4n(r=) Ag AL + 2aT weet Ag = * 100 = 1 + 2(2) +: The percentage error in the value of g determined by Radha is 5% ‘The correct answer is option (3). India’s #4 Learning Platform eee eto Start Complete Exam Preparation Pray aecd a DoS rer Coreen Exot Download App Question 4: View this Question Online > Apendulum executes small oscillations between angles +, and -®,. If t(6)d@ is the time spent between 6 and 6 + d@, then 1(8) is best represented by, 4 Option 2: Oscillations Question 4 Detailed Solution Concept: The reason this approximation works is because for small angles, sin6=8 The equation of motion for a simple pendulum: nN T=2nLg where L is the length of the string in the pen nd Tis its time period Calculation: Asimple pendulum consists of a ball (point-mass) m hanging from a string of length L and fixed at a pivot point P. When displaces to an initial engle and released, the pendulum will swing back and forth with periodic motion By applying Newton's secont law for rotational systems, the equation of motion for the pendulum may be obtained t=laPe tec) Start Complete Exam Preparation marc aes Ed eet lai Cress elre reed Download App Question 5: View this Question Online > For the one dimensional potential wells A, 8 and C, as shown in the figure, let E,, Es and Ex denote the ground state energies of a particle, respectively. _ are Hes Fok Ee a B © The correct ordering of the energies is 1. Eg>Es> Eq 2 Eye Ege Es 3. Ex>Eo> Ex 4A, Ep>E,> Eos\ Re Detaled Solution Below) Option 1: E, > Es > Ex Oscillations Question 5 Detalled Solution CONCEPT: For an infinite potential well (as shown) The wave inside Yj, (#0) is oscillatory and the wave outside Your = 0 The eneray of the n‘* state is given by, For a finite potential well (as shown) The wave inside Y, (+ 0) is oscillatory and the wave outside ¥,,. is damped (exponentially decreasing) So, the energy will be more and more lost due to penetration in the walls. So, the energy in the finite potential well in less than that of infinite potential well. EXPLANATION: From the knowledge above the possible waveforms for the potential wells A, B, and C are shown below Case A: The wave inside W,, (+0) is oscillatory and the wave outside ,,, is damped (exponentially decreasing) As the height of the wall in LHS is more than RHS so the penetration in the RHS will be deeper, So, the energy is lost due to penetration in both sides of the waves. Case B: The wave inside W, (+ 0) is oscillatory and the wave on LHS Vx. = 0 and on the sony (exponentially decreasing) As the height of the wall in LHS is infinity and the RHS is Vo XO In LHS there will be no penetration. & So, the energy is lost due to penetration in one sic he wal So, energy is more compered to case Aany CaseC: The wave inside ¥, ( 0) is oscillatory and the wave outside Woy. = 0 Here, no penetration outside so the least energy is lost. so most energy of the states among all, So, the correct order of energies is E; > Eq > Ex Hence the correct answer is option 1. Dee ren aria) Start Complete Exam Preparation Prag eed a DUS lenny Questi & Quizzes Download App Question 6 If simple harmonic motion Is represented by x = A cos(wt + @), then '‘w' Is 1. Displacement 2. Amplitude 3. Angular frequencyAnswer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : Angular frequency Oscillations Question 6 Detailed Solution CONCEPT: + Simple harmonic motion occurs viten the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium. Fa-x Where F = force and x= the displacement from equilibrium. cy The equation of SHM is given by © x= Asin(wt+ ) CG where x is the distance from the mean position at any time t, A is ampl 1, is initial phase and wis the angular frequency. oO + The amplitude of SHM (A): meximum displacemet in position, + frequency (f): no. of oscillations in one second + Time period (T): time taken to complete ot The relation between time period pd free is given by: =1 + Angular frequency (w) of SHM is given by: wae where T is the time period. EXPLANATION: If the simple harmonic motion is represented by x = A cos(wt + ¢p), then 'w’ is the angular frequency. So the correct answer is option 3.Fg eee ec SSE Ta ery ele LiCl) rears fared Pa CCS cierey Question Bank D> Download App Exon) Question 7 View this Question Online > Time period of simple pendulum inside the satellite orbiting earth is 1. Zero - 4. Infinite ‘Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: Infinite Oscillations Question 7 Detailed Solution The correct answer is Infinite. CONCEPT: + Simple pendulum: A point mass cttached to a light inextensible string and suspended from fixed support is called a simple pendulum. = The vertical line passing through the fixed support is the mean position of a simple pendulum. The vertical distance between the point of suspension and the center of mass of the suspended body is called the length of the simple pendulum denoted by L. ‘The time perlod of the pendulum: T= 2n\/tf9where, L = length of string, g = acceleration due to gravity (m/s?) EXPLANATION 3 * Asweknow that 2% 4% + Onan artificial satellite, orsitna R net gravity is zero. As g=0,soT=00 The correct option is co ©; Additional Information The value of g is Zero in orbiting satellite: + Natural satellites have their own acceleration due to gravity. Artificial satellites don't possess any natural g. > Artificial satellites experience a gravitational pull towards earth due to the earths gravitational force, ; > Butas the velocity of artificial satellites is extremely large, so, they have a centrifugal force acting tangentially to the orbit. » As the gravitational pull of the earth on the artificial satellite is equal to the centrifugal force acting on the artificial satellite, the net force cancels. CE ABS eral) POCA Ue an BS Ela Orel) Cu eel l) caro ed Lorre Question Benk Download App Question 8 View this Question Online The length of a simple pendulum is increased then the time period will- 1. Decrease 2. increase 3. remain same 4. Cant predict rrrer (Detailed! Solution Below) ion 2: increase Oscillations Question 8 Detailed Solution CONCEPT: Simple Pendulum: + Anideal simple pendulum consists of a heavy point mass body (bob) suspended by a weightless, inextensible, and perfectly flexible string from rigid support about which it is free to oscillate. + For a simple pendulum, the time period of swing of a pendulum depends on the length of the string and acceleration due to gravity. =T=2n/T The above formula is only valid for small angular displacements. Where, T= Time period of oscillation, |= length of the pendulum, and g = gravitational acceleration ae ~ 7 ‘ of go? + The force which acts to bring to XC position/equilibrium position is called a restoring force. + Example: The spring force is force because it always applies a force towards the equilibrium point. EXPLANATION: + For a simple pendulum, the time period of swing of a pendulum depends on the length of the string and acceleration due to gravity =T=2n/t + From the above equation, it is clear that the period of oscillation is directly proportional to the length of the arm and inversely proportional to acceleration due to gravity. + Thus, an increase in the length of a pendulum arm results in a subsequent increase in the period of oscillation given a constant gravitational acceleration. Thus option 2 is correct,India’s #1 Learning Platform ee Start Complete Exam Preparation ra e Rea IR rele aa ExT Download App Question 9 2 View this Question Online > The acceleration of a particle performing simple harmonic motion is whose displacement is f(t) = A cos(wt + @). wA cos(wt + p) ¥ WA cos(wt +p) 3. -wA sin(wt + 9) 4, -wA sin(ut +) Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1: -wA cos(wt +) Oscillations Question 9 Detailed Solution CONCEPT: Simple harmonic motion occurs when the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium.Fa-x Whete F = force and x = the displacement from equilibrium. The equation of displacement in SHM is given by: i), ‘ where xs the distence from the mean position at any time: A's amplitude, tis time, and wis the angular frequency. The equation of velocity in SHM is giv: y differentiating equation (i) v= dx/dt=d (ACos(tt+¢)) / dt v=-Aw Sin(wtt) where v is the velocity at any time t, A is amplitude, t is time, and w is angular frequency. X= ACos(wtt) In the same way, the equation of displacement can be obtained from the equation of velocity by integrating the equation of velocity. CALCULATION: v=- Aw Sin(wttd) The acceleration is given by: a= dy/dt = d (- Aw Sin(wt+@))/dt = -wA cos(wt + @). So option 1 is correct. ere eee Slam etl pie) eo ced Te LC) (een Kaw exert Download App Question 10 View this Question Online > Equation of motion of a particle is given by a = -bx, where ais the acceleration, x is the displacement from the mean position and b any constant. The time period of the particle is wt QnQn 3. ve 4, Inve Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Qn Option 3: agIndia’s #1 Learning Platform ee Start Complete Exam Preparation alee Pac Rea IR rele Question Bank ExT Download App Question 11 View this Question Online > Achild swinging ona swing in sitting position, stands up. Then the time period of swing will: 1, decrease 2. remain same 3. increase 4. None of these Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1: decreaseSS India’s #1 Learning Platform Start Complete Exam Preparation eae Gad src a2 a Pra aad VES oe Cres ead 2) (=) Download App Question 12 View this Question Online >The body is said to move with Simple Harmonic Motion if its acceleration is zi 1. Always directed away from the centre, at the point of reference 2. Proportional to square of the distance from the point of reference 3. Proportional to the distance from the point of reference and directed towards it A. None of these Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : Proportional to the distance from the point of reference and directed towards it India's #1 Learning Platform Start Complete Exam Preparation ean Serre ran = ease) Drees ecg Paonia Download AppQuestion 13 View this Question Online If simple harmonic motion is represented by x = A cos(wt + @), then ‘g' is 1. Angular frequency 2. Displacement 3. Amplitude 4. Phase constant Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: Phase constantGs India's #1 Learning Platform. Start Complete Exam Preparation Reon ue ost cal Crear raed ey aes PO Sorer ny Cre ear Download App Paes Question 14 View this Question Online > If'V'is the magnitude of velocity, 'A is the magnitude of acceleration and 'X’ is the magnitude of displacement, then at the mean position of the particle performing simple harmonic motion, 1. Ais maximum and X and V are zero 2. Vis maximum and X and A are zero 3. Vand A are maximum and X is zero. 4. Xand A are maximum and Vis zero Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Vis maximum and X and A are zeroIndia's #1 Learning Platform Rear eos Start Complete Exam Preparation regard farses Dera Creer Download App Question 15 View this Question Online > Value of ‘g' at the surface of moonis one sixth of that at the earth surface then the time period of a pendulum at moon is how much times to that at earth: 1 1. g times 2. 6 times 3. ¥6 times 1 4 ve times ‘Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : v6 times