Lesson 2 NCM 107

Review of the Anatomy and Physiology of the Male and Female Reproductive System
Prof. Dymphna Casquejo
The Reproductive System - produces sperm cell through spermatogenesis
sperm travel from
primary sex organs - the seminiferous tubules then to the rete testis
- gonads to the epididymis
- depend on the sex of the person o where it is stored until ejaculation
- male: testes occurs
- female: ovaries ejaculation trail:
- secrete sex hormones - from the testis to the epididymis to the vas
- produce sex cells deferens to the ejaculatory duct to the urethra
o gametes then it leaves the penis
 haploid cells penis
 products of meiosis - deliver sperm to the female reproductive tract
- female gametes: egg cells erectile tissue
- male gametes: sperm cells - spongy-containing smooth muscle and
- sperm + egg = fertilization vascular spaces
o when intercourse occurs - when aroused it will be filled with blood then it
will become hard
accessory reproductive organs
accessory glands:
- seminal gland
o sits at the surface of the bladder
o produces semen (no sperm)
 mixes with the sperm in the
ejaculatory duct
o makes sperm movement easier and
enhances the potential for fertilization
- prostate
o encircle the urethra near the bladder
o contract during the ejaculation
male - bulbo-urethral gland
- primary sex organ: testes o sits near the prostrate
o testosterone is produced o lubricate the head of the penis
o housed in a sac of skin
 scrotum
 divided by a midline
o lower temperature is ideal for sperm
production

female
- female gonads: ovary

surrounds the scrotum

- tunica albuginea (inner layer) then the tunica
vaginalis (outer layer)
spermatogenic cells
- found in seminiferous tubules
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[NCM 107] 2. Review of the Anatomy and Physiology of the Male and Female Reproductive System – Prof. Dymphna Casquejo

ovary
- where the egg cells are produced
- sex hormones (estrogen and progesterone)
are produced
- has an outer layer called a cortex
- inner layer called a medulla
- follicles houses oocytes
o oogenesis is when eggs are made

accessory
- fallopian tube
o where fertilization occurs
- uterus
o where the fertilized egg stays
o parts of the uterus
 perimetrium, myometrium,
endometrium

mammary gland
- where milk is produced for babies

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[NCM 107] 2. Review of the Anatomy and Physiology of the Male and Female Reproductive System – Prof. Dymphna Casquejo

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