GENERAL CONCEPTS AND

ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES
ELISHA CHARITY B. HERMOSO RMT
THE PURPOSE OF THE LABORATORY:

 (1) detect disease or predisposition to

disease
 (2) confirm or reject a diagnosis
 (3) establish prognosis;
 (4) guide patient management
 (5) monitor efficacy of therapy
A LABORATORY MUST USE

 (1) medical scientific, and technical expertise

 (2) resources such as personnel, laboratory and
data processing equipment, supplies, and
facilities
 (3) organization, management, and
communication skills.
LEADERSHIP AND
MANAGEMENT
LEADERSHIP MANAGEMENT
 provides the direction of  provides the “road” to
where one (or an get there.
organization) is going,
Effective and good management

 an optimal mix of skilled personnel, dedicated people,

and task-oriented leaders to achieve these goals.
 Good management: the most effective way is to
provide the human, financial, physical, and information
resources available to an organization.
BASIC MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES
BASIC MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES
STRATEGIC PLANNING
The process by which high-level decisions are made.

 Technology has moved the science of laboratory medicine from using

numerous manual methods to applying highly automated ones.
 To survive and even thrive in a competitive environment, a laboratory must
constantly reevaluate its goals and services and adapt to market forces.
 a leader to carefully make strategic decisions
 (1) deciding on the objectives of the organization and the need to modify
existing objectives if appropriate;
 (2) allocating resources to attain these objectives; and
 (3) establishing policies that govern the acquisition, use, and disposition of
these resources
STRATEGIC PLANNING “STEEP”

 Social
 Technological
 Economic
 Environmental
 Political
STRATEGIC PLANNING “SWOT” ANALYSIS
STRATEGIC PLANNING
QUALITY SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
TO ACCOMPLISH THIS, EVERY LABORATORY SHOULD STRIVE TO OBTAIN MODERN
EQUIPMENT, TO HIRE WELL-TRAINED STAFF, TO ENSURE A WELL-DESIGNED AND SAFE
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, AND TO CREATE A GOOD MANAGEMENT TEAM
QUALITY SYSTEM MANAGEMENT:
TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT

 is a systems approach that focuses on teams,

processes, statistics, and delivery of
services/products that meet or exceed customer
expectations
 thinking strives to continually look for ways to
reduce errors (“defect prevention”) by
empowering employees to assist in solving
problems and getting them to understand their
integral role within the greater system (“universal
responsibility”).
QUALITY SYSTEM MANAGEMENT:
CONTINUOUS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT (CQI)

 is an element of TQM that strives to continually

improve practices and not just meet
established quality standards.
LEAN SIX SIGMA

 is a performance improvement program, the goal of

which can be summarized by the mantra
“improvement by eliminating process variation”:
improved performance, improved quality, improved
bottom line, improved customer satisfaction, and
improved employee satisfaction.
LEAN SIX SIGMA

 is a structured process based upon statistics and

quantitative measurements through which
process defects or errors are analyzed,
potential causes are identified, and
improvements are implemented.
 is a system for reducing waste (“nonvalued
activities”) in production or manufacturing
processes.
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

 Recruiting, hiring, training, and retaining qualified personnel

have become major challenges for today’s manager.
 comprehensive benefits and ensuring a nonhostile work
environment.
 Today’s job market is volatile and draws from around the
world; thus a greater understanding of cultural, ethnic, and
gender-related traits is necessary to properly evaluate and
attract a pool of competent employees who will meet the
needs of the laboratory and contribute to accomplishing
anticipated goals
LICENSING REQUIREMENTS OF A CLINICAL
LABORATORY SERVICE CAPABILITY: PRIMARY
CATEGORY

 Routine Fecalysis
 Routine Urinalysis
 Routine Hematology
 (Complete Blood Count or CBC) includes Hemoglobin Mass
Concentration, Erythrocyte Volume Fraction (Hematocrit), Leucocytes
Number Concentration (White Blood Cell or WBC Count), Leucocytes
Type Number Fraction (Differential Count) and Qualitative Platelet
Determination
 Blood Typing (Hospital-Based)
 Quantitative platelet determination (Hospital-Based)
SECONDARY CATEGORY

 ALL those in Primary Category PLUS the following:

 Routine Clinical Chemistry includes Blood Glucose
Substance Concentration, Blood Urea Nitrogen
Concentration, Blood Uric Acid Substance
Concentration, Blood Creatinine Concentration and
Blood Total Cholesterol Concentration
 Cross matching (Hospital-Based)
TERTIARY CATEGORY

 ALL those in Secondary Category PLUS the

following:
 Immunology/Serology
 Microbiology
 Special Chemistry
 Special Hematology
 HAZARDS

 BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS- expose an

unprotected individual to bacteria,
viruses, parasites, or other biological
entities that can result in injury.
HAZARDS

 CHEMICAL HAZARDS
to develop and actively follow plans that
protect laboratory workers from potential
exposure to hazardous chemicals.
HAZARDS

 ERGONOMIC HAZARDS
to address ergonomic hazards in the
workplace and to assist employers in
developing a program to prevent work-
related problems that primarily include
cumulative trauma disorders.
DOH :
LABORATORY
DESIGN AND ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER

SERVICE MODELS IN 2007-0027

PHILIPPINES
ASSESSMENT TOOLS FOR
LICENSING A GENERAL
LABORATORY
2 TYPES OF PATHOLOGIST IN LABORATORY

ANATOMIC PATHOLOGISTS CLINICAL PATHOLOGISTS

 examine samples from  test bodily fluids, such as
organs and other tissues urine, blood, and saliva. Both
most commonly acquired conduct tests in a laboratory
through surgery. to help diagnose and treat
patients.
2 TYPES OF LABORATORY
INSTITUTION-BASED
 A laboratory that is located
within the premises and
operates as part of an
institution (e.G. Hospital,
medical facilities for
overseas workers and
seafarers).
FREESTANDING
 A laboratory that is
located outside the
premises of an institution
and operates
independently.
 LABORATORY DESIGN AND SERVICE
MODELS IN PHILIPPINES
 WHAT ARE THE USUAL FLAW IN THE
LABORATORY MANAGEMENT HERE IN
PHILIPPINES?
 WHAT WAYS CAN WE PROVIDE TO MAKE
IT BETTER?