Lab 1

Section : BESE 13-A

Group Members:
Muhammad Musfir Baig ( 409968)
Abdullah Usama ( 417872 )
Question no 1
Digital ICs can be categorized according to the complexity of their circuits usually termed as scale
integration. The following are the six major categories. Give their full names and range of gates
available in each of them.

 SSI
It stands for “Small Scale Integration”.
It has less than 100 components. It has approximately 10 gates.
 MSI
It stands for “Medium Scale Integration”.
It has less than 500 components. It has approximately 10 to hundreds of gates.
 LSI
It stands for “Large Scale Integration”.
It has more than 500 components up to thousands. It has approximately hundreds to thousands
of gates.
 VLSI
It stands for “Very Large Scale Integration”
It has thousands to million of components. It has approximately thousands to millions of gates.
 ULSI
It stands for “Ultra Large Scale Integration”.
It has less than billion components. It has approximately 10 million to billions of gates.
 GSI
It stands for “General Scale Integration”.
Its range of gates lie between thousands to ten of thousands.

Question no 2
Another categorization is with respect to the Logic Families of Digital ICs. The seven of these are listed
below. Give their full name and give their utilization in terms of speed, power etc. (e.g. Low Power, High
Speed).

 RTL
It stands for “Register Transfer Level”.
It has low speed and high power.
 DTL
 It stands for “Diode Transistor Logic”.
It has low speed and low power.
 ECL
It stands for “Emitter Coupled Logic”.
It has high speed and high power.
 TTL
It stands for “Transistor Transistor logic”.
It has high speed and low power.
 CMOS
It stands for “Complementary Metal Oxide Semi-Conductor”.
It has high speed and low power.

Question no 3
Differentiate b/w Fan In and Fan Out of an IC.

Fan In Fan Out

The term fan in is defined as the number of inputs
that an IC can have without overloading it.
It is simply the maximum number of inputs.
For Example:
In most of the cases AND and OR gate have two
fan ins and the NOT gate has only one, similarly an
IC has eight fan ins for AND and OR gate and six
fan ins for NOT gate.
The term fan out is defined as the number of
outputs that an IC can have without overloading
it. It is simply the maximum number of outputs.
For Example:
In most of the cases AND, OR and NOT gates have
one fan out, similarly an IC has four fan outs for
AND and OR gate and six fan outs for NOT gate.

Question no 4
Show the correct pin numbering and connection of gates inside these blank chips with the help of their
datasheets.

7432 (OR Gate)

7408 (AND Gate)

7404 (NOT Gate)

Question no 5

Mention the manufacturer whose datasheet you consulted.

Question no.6.

(7432) QUAD 2-Input OR-GATE

 x y OR
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1

(7408) QUAD 2-Input AND-GATE

 x y AND
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1

(7404) Hex Inverter NOT-GATE

 x NOT
0 1
1 0

Question no. 7

1. The ICs in 7400 series are based on Transistor-Transistor Logic (TTL) logic
family?
2. The commercial grade IC is denoted by 74 prefix.
3. The military grade IC is denoted by 54 prefix. (

Question no. 8
Truth Table:
x y Sum Carry Out

0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0
1 0 1 0
1 1 0 1