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ck c rea se b e c a u s e th e y a re in v e r s e ly p r o p o r tio n a l to S o L % in c r e a s e in p r ic e o fń c k e t - x 10 0 = 25%
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c e n ta g 1p tio n s h o u ld b e re d u c e d to k e e p o r ig in a l
￠ c ? n s u tı if th e r e w a s n o c h a ıı
ge in M s in c o m e ?
i
Ce ?ĺ p Ae n dL tu r e
i ?
SoL % re du c e d in th e n u rn b e r o f c u s to m er

S?T A s tb e r e is ]0 % in cr e as e So ,
10 0 + 10 = l 10
30 300
- × ı0 0 = . 23 I
/ 1 3.
%
13 0 13
N e #v c o n s u m p tio n w ill d m ea s e by -
x 10 0
E ıZ 11 1f 4 0 % m o re w o r ke rs a r e rir e d
ł an d e ffic ie n c y o f

w o rk e r s is 2 5 % m o r e th a n p r e v io us on e th e n ñn d pe rcen t
- 9 09%
c e r ta in p ie c e fw o rk
a ge c h a iı
ge in tin ı
e ta k e n to ó n is h o

E x 21 If p rr ic e o f s u ga r re d ı
ıæ d by 3 09o by ho w ı ch
m ı

)
,

w ce ł

tu re g a m e ?
ıt consunption s h o u ld b e in c r e a s e to k e e p ex pen di
S o L In c re a s e ín w o d ce r -
4o .
Ċ 4o *

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 p e rc e n ta ge
4 { ıo 50
1 7
A s 4oo o m
'
o r e w o rk e rs w ith 2 5 % Yo u d o in g it ı
m o re e ffic ie n c y
m a y a n sw er ik c th is (X + y +
h ire d it m e n tis 50%
a rc
1o o ) % b u t if
w o r k e rs w ith I
on g in a ıe ffic ie n c y a sk yo th a t p r ic e in c r e a e e
are h itìe d
u b y 1 0 % a n d e x e n d it
in c r e a s e s b y 2 0 % p u re
fin d p e r c e n ta g e c h a n e į n
,
g c o n su m
p tio n ?
P e r c e n ta ge c han ge N ow yo u can n o t s o lv e it b y a b o v e s a id m th
in t im e ta k e e od
n
50 W h e n in s te a d o f e r c e n ta e c h
X 10 0 p g a n g e , c h a n e in v a l
g
- 33 33% w illb e g iv e n th e n a a in u e s ti
ue
15 0 g q o n c a n n o t b e s o lv e d b
y abo v e
s a id m e th o d

E x 2 12 If m m ıb e r o f w o r k
e r s in c r e a s e d b I s tr o n g ly
i y 5 0 % a n d e ffi su g ge st e v e ry o n e s h o u ld id th a t m th o d
c e n c y o f th e n e w w o r k av o e
e rs a re 4 0% l
e s s th a n
th e n fin d p e r c e n ta e c h p r e v io u s o n e W e sh o u ld
g a n g e in to ta l s o lv e th e q u e s tio n b y 1 0 10
w o rk m e th o d w h ic h
w e d is c u sse d in v a r ie ty 2

fii)
E x 2 1 5 If p r ic e f th e tic k e t in
s L o c re a se s by 4 0% d
o ]naeasehwods = 50 50 ×
f
an n u m ber
- 5 o 2o = 3 o o s e a ts r e du c e d b y 10 % th e n fin d p e r c e n ta e c h a n
g g e in
ı
n com e

S o l L e t in itia l r ic e f tic k e t is 1 0
p o an d in itia l n u m ber
p e r c e n ta g e 3o is o f seat is 10 A th e r e is in
h a n \ in to ta l w
23l
c
o rk =
x 1o o
s c re a se o f 4 0 % in
=
13 0 13 P r ic e , s o n ew p r ic e w ill b e 14 an d th e r e is d e c e a s e
E 2 13 P r ic e o f 1 0 % in n u m ber f s e a t,
x f p e tr o l in c r e a s e d J
o o so n e w n um ber o f se at
r o m 6 0 to 6 5 B
m u c h p e r c e n t a fa 】 y ho w w ill b e 9
Jn ily s h o u ı d r e d u c e its c o n s tu
n p tio n o f
p e tr o l to k e e p e x p e n d ittłr e s a m e ?
Pń ce o f T ic k e ts N ber
u m o f s e a ts In co m
SoL A s p r ic e in c r e a s e d b y R s 5 fr o n ıR (A ssu na e d) 10
e
s 60, so th e r e 10
w ilıb e de c re a se d o f R s 5 b u t i
n R s 65 (n e w b a s e ) 14 9
P e rc e n t o f c o n s tum p tio n s h o u ld b e r e d u c e d b y

In itia l In com 10 10
5 9 e -
× = 10 0
= × 10 0 = 7 -一
%
65 13 N In
ew co m e = 14 × 9 12 6
E x 2 14 P r ic eo f a tic k e t r e d u c e s fr o m R % h a n g e in in
s 3 2 0 to R s 3 0 0 c co m e 12 6 10 0 26%
B y ho w m u c h p e r c e n t n u n ib e r o f s e a ts s h o ld b
u e in c r e a s e d E x 2 16 P r ic e
to k e e p in o f su gar m c re a se d b
c o m e sa m e ? y 30% a n d c o n su m p
tio n r e d u c e d b 10 % b
y y h o w m u c h p e r c e n t e x e n d ih
p r e w ill
ı
ch an ge ?
S o l p e r c e n t in c re a s e d = X 1o o = 6
2
%
300 3 Sol
ĺ T ic e C o n s u m p tio n E x F) e n ditrire
ı (A s s u m e d ) 10 10

C a s e l[ " %
W n e n th ir d te r m ( C ) is 13
1 17 J
'
v a r ia b le
'
9

N o w q u e s tio n c a n b e a s k e d b
y c h a n g in g a n y o f tw o %
T h is ty p e o f u e s tio c h a n g e in
q n s u s u a lly d o n e th r o u h x
ex p e n d itu r e - 1 1 7 1o o 17 %
a n d Y fo r
=
g
m u ı a b u t w e s h o u ld tr E
y n o t to u s E th a t fo rm u la x 2 17 P r ic e
f su g ar d e c re a s e d b 2 0
o
y % an d ex p e n d itu r e
It d o in c re a s e d b y 10 %
s o c o n s u n 】 tio n
e s n o t m e a i ı th a t fo la is p o f s u g a r in
g b u t fo r m u la
rm u w ro n a E ım ily in
d o e s n o t d e a l ll c re a s e d b
y 1 5 k g F in d in iń a l c o n s u m ti
a c a s e s If I a s k th t
in c re a s e s b 1 0
y o u a p ń c e o f su g a r p on
y % a n d c o n s u m p tio n o f s u a r in c r e
g asæ by
2 0 % F in d e r c
p e n ta g e c h a n e in e x e n d ih
g p ıre ?

l h s '
M ip p o r

A m it K r Ve m la

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 p e r c e n tï łx e t
u n ￠ ı
￠# A lł
p￠tc a ￠
łon
1 8 tï c c d b y ĵ o łyo l»y h o w
2 2 ı ir r łk llu « o f tıc jrc jo r c d
.
R x l

So儿 p c ro o n lł
łl u tıw ill ç h tłn g e 7

Ii×p Iłd iu « R ııđltr» A rc

P r ic e C n
o n su ı p tio n
So ı iı
10 0
I0 (A «ßu m c d )4 l0 10
ss u m e d 1 0
A ×
10 %
20% 4 1 10
110 1 3 75
8 7 7 49

13 7 5 10 = 3 75 T o ta l a r e iı 7 × 7
in p tio n -
In cre a se c o n s u tn

c h arge in 10 0 4 9 5 j%
p tio n % a r e iı
P e r c e n ta g e chan g e in c o n su m

If d ia m e te r o fa c ir c le in c re a g e d b y 5 0 % tł
le n by
E x 2 22
_
x100 = 37 5% ho w n u ch
ı p e rc e n t a r e a w ill c h a n g e ?
10
10 0
37 5% = 15
S O ł 10 10 1 , n
ıa
e o l
ı7 0

15 15 225
15
X 10 0 = 40
10 0 % =

31 5 T o ta l a r e a - 15 × 15 = 225

4 0k g h a rg e s by 2 2 5 10 0 = 12 5 %
p tio A -
In itia l c o n -
n su m re a c

ta n g le r e d u c e d b y 12 5 %
B y m is ta k e th e le n g th o f a r e c % chan g e in a re a -
E x 2 18
i d e r c e n ta g e c h a n g e
20% an d b r e a d th in c r e a s e d b y 1 0 % F n p fe r e n f a c ir c le be c o m es d o u bı
e
E x 2 23 If th e c ir c u m ce o
in a r e a
how m an y tim e s a re a w ill b e ?
S o t

A S ı R a d iu s R a d iu s
B d th re a o
L en g th re a
10

:1
10 10 o (A ssu m e d )l 0
(A ssu m e d)
,2 %
8 11 88 20 20

% c h a rge in a re a - 10 0 8 8 = 12 %
4 00
B f c y lin d e r in c re a s e d by 3 0 % a n d 4 t im
E x 2 19 a se a re a o a
A re a w ill b e c o m e - _ e s
c h a n g e in v o lt ı
10 0
h e ig h t in c r e a s e d b y 1 0 % fin d p e r c e n ta g e
m e
,

S o ı E x 2 24 If th e ra d iu s beco m e th r ic e ho w m an y tim e s a re a

w ill in c re a s e ?
A re a H e ig h t V o lu m e

:
A s s u rn e d 1 0 10
S ı R a d iu s R a d itłs A re a
4 3% o
(A ssu m e d) 10 10
13 11 143
30 30 90 0
v o lu m 14 3 1 0 0 4 3%
chan g e in
=
% e -

f a fa c to r y r e d u c e d b y 2 0 % a n d e ffi
E 2 20 If w o rke r o f in 80 0
x T o ta l v a lu e o c r e a s in g a re a - 9 0 0 10 0 =

i c r e a s e d b y 3 0 % th e n b y h o w m u ch
c ie n c y o f re s t w o rke r n
t to ta l w o r k w ill in c r e a s e
?
perce n 800
A re a w ill in c re a s e by - 8 tim es
ï oï
N be r o fw o rk e r
S a ı um

A ssu m ed 10
Ex 2 2 5 If le n g h t o f a c u b e in c r e a s e d b y 1 0 % , b r e a d th f e
th e n fin
d
8 u c e d by 2 0% a n d h e ig h t d e c r e a s e d b y 3 o %

}e r c e n ta n g e c h a n g e in v o 】
】

in c r e a s e in to ta l w o rk
%

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 Le n g th B re a d th H ig h t Vo lu m
e e
8
t0 × 10 × 10 10 0 0
7
8 4 1 - x 10 0 = 0 8% (In c r e a s e )
11 1 ı
000
× 8 × 7 6 16

E x 2 29 B a se d ia m e te r o fa c y lin der bec o m e d o u b le an d

C h a n g e in v o lu m e 10 0 0 6 16 3 84 h a lf F in d p e r c e n ta g e c h a n g e in v o lu m e
-
h e ig h t b e c o m
=
e

P e r c e n ta g e c h a n g e in v o lu m e Sol

R a điu s R a d iu s H e ig h t V o lu m e
3 84

. īX]
× 10 0 38 4% A s su m e d _ 10 * 10
-

10 0 0
=
(d e c r e a s e ) 1o o o î
20 20 × 5 2 0 00

E x 2 26 L e n g h t o f a c u b e in c r e a s e d b y 1 5 % b r e a d th l e
,

d u c e d b y 10 % a n d h e ig h t b e c o m e s d o u b le F in d p e r c e n ta g e C h a n g e in v o lu m e - 2 0 0 0 10 0 0 ł0 0 0
c h a n g e in v o İ u m e
P e rc e n ta g e c ha n g e in v o lu m e

Soı

L e n g th B r e a d th H e ig b t V o lu m e - x 10 0 = 10 0 % (In c re a s e )
A ss u m e d 10 *

:: ł ・ 10 to M in
1 m n +
2070 ı
ıV ıv

g in a fa c to r y le ft th
1 15 9 20 20 7 E 2 30 20% f th e w o r k e r s w o r k in
x o

w o r k a n d tiJn e ta k e n d e c r e a s e d b y 10 % If r e s t w o r k ir
C h a n g e in v o lu m 2 070 10 0 0 10 7 0 h d p c e n ta g e c h a n g
e - =
d h i
t e re 伍 i
c en cy yb 3 0 % t e n ñ n e r
c re a se

in to ta l w o rk
P e r c e n ta ge c ha n g e in v o lu n ı
e

E ñ ic ie n c y T o ta l W o r}
10 7 0 S o t Assum edlo
- x 10 0 = 10 7 % (In c r e a s e ) × 10
10 0 0
:0 % ļ .
O% ļ
. 13 936
E x 2 27 B a s e r a d iu s o f a c y lin der re d u c e d b y 10 % a i ıd
h e ig h t in c re a se d by 20% F in d p e r c e n ta g e c h a n g e in v o lm e
C h a n g e in to ta l w o rk = 10 0 0 9 3 6 = 64

R a d iu s R a diu s H e igh t V o lu m e P e r c e n ta g e c han g e in to ta l w o rk

Sol A
ss u m e d q o

į-N į łį Ŝğd
%
w 2
lł 28
64
X 10 0 = 6 4% (d e c r e a s e )
10 0 0
C h a n g e in vo ı
u m e - 10 0 0 9 7 2 = 28
E x 2 31 T o finish ertain p ie c e o f w o r k in 2 0 % le s s tin
P e r c e n ta g e c h a n g e in v o lu m e h ir e d If w o r k e r s r e d u c e d th e ir e
30% m o r e w o rk e r s a r e

c ie n c y b y 2 5 % th e n fin d p e r c e n ta g e chan g e in to ta l w or

- x 10 0 = 2 8% (d e c r e a s e ) SoL

E x 2 28 B a s e c ir c u m fe r e n c e of a c y lin d e r in c r e a s e d b y 2 0 % M an fu n e E ffic ie n c y T o ta l W o lk
A ss m ed
ı
an d h e ig h t r e d u ced by 30% ,
ñ n d p e r c e n ta g e c h a n g e in v o l
u m e?

C h a n g e in v o lu m e - 1 0 0 8 10 0 0 = 8

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 U

C h a n g e in c o n su m p tio n 10 6 - 4
22 0
× 10 0 = 22% (d e c re a s e ) p e rc e n ta g e c h a n g e in c o n s u m p tio n
10 0 0
4
in 3 0 % le s s tim e ,
E x 2 3 2 T o fm is h p ie c e o f w o r k
c e r ta in
10
× 10 0 4 0%
o f a d d itio n a
lw o r k
20 % m o re w rk e r s a le h ir e d If e ffic ie n c y

50% i s o n e th e n fin d p e r
m o r e th a n th a t o f p re v o u f w h e a t in c re a s e d b y 32 % an d ex p e n d itu r e
e r s ıs
E x 2 35 p r ic e o

c h a n g e in to ta l w o r k p tio n o f heat re d u c e d by
in c r e a s e d b y 10 %
c e iıM \ so c o n su m w

p tio n f th e fa m ily
6 6 k g F in d p r e v io u s c o n su m o
T im e T o ta l w o rk
M a iı
SoL Assumed10 × 10 - 10 0 1
ı
ł P r ic e C p tio n E
\ o% J+ p
7 o n su m x
saı

lî »
.
. 91 Assumed 10 × 10
32% l
13 2 1 10 110
8 3 31

A c tu a l p e r c e n ta g e in c re a se
=
- 2o + 2o × ii] ı3 2

in c o n su m p tio n - 10 8 3 3 = 1 67
D e cre a se
- 2 0 + 10 = 30 %

1 67
9 x 10 0
× 10 0 9% p e f c e n ta g e c h a n g e in c o n su m p tio n -

in to ta l w o r k
=

ī0 5
=
p e r c e n ta g e c h a n g e

k in 4 0 % le s s tim e , 16 7 %
p ie c e o f w o r
-

E x ı3 3 m inish c e r ta in
lw o r k
30% rk e r s are h ir e d If e f ó c ie n c y o f a d d itio n a
m o re w o 16 7 % = 66
f d p e rc t g e c han g e
p r e v io u s th e n m
e n a
e r s a re 20% m o re th a n

in to ta l w o rk
66
10 0 % = X 10 0 = 395 2
T o ta l W o rk
16 7
S ?L M an T im e

]ļ
-
"
In itia l c o n p tio n 395 2 kg
4
-
18 4 su m
3 6% l 4o%
13 6 × 6 = 81
T Y P IC 3

u e s tio n s

)
Su c c e s s iv e C h a n g e in p e r c e n ta g e B a se d Q
im 3o + o×
p e r c e n ta g e in c re a s e nan -
d in
In c ase o f in c re a se ,
w e sh o u ld fin d (1 0 0 + x )% an

c a se o f d e c re a s e , w e m ay fin d (10 0 x )%
- 30+ 6 = 3 6%
S u c c e s s iv e ly in c r e a s e m e a n s , in c r e a s e d v a lu e s h o u ld b e
P e r c e n ta g e c ha n g e in to ta lw o rk
in c r e a s e d a g a in

18 4
-

10 0
x ì0 0 = 18 4 % (d e c r e a s e ) 四国
E 3 1 W n e n n u m e ra to r o fa Ĥ a c tio n in cr e a s e d b y 4 0% an d
2 3 4 If p r ic e o f a n a r tic le in c r e a s e d b y 5 0 % a n d to ta l x

) e n d itu r e r e d u c e d b y 10 % F in d p e r c e n ta g e c h a n g e in 6
su m p tio n den om in a to r d e c r e a s e d b y 3 0 % ,
th e n fra c tio n b e c o m e

F in d o r ig in a l tr a c tio n ?
S o L P r ic e C o n s u m p tio n Ex p
10 × 10 100
50 % f 10 % *
x
s o L s u pp o se o r ig in a l fr a c tio n is
15 × 90 = 6 90 y

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 P b rw p
1 1夏
X X 40 1 6
N ow 10 0 10 0
y X 0%
6 9 30 X X _
R s 60
10 5 1 10
X 6 X 7 0 %n 3
#
E x ĵ 7 : T h e p r ic e
o f a L a p to p is R s 5 0 0 0 0 A tr a d e r s o ld it
Y 7 X 14 0 % 7 ,

a t 10 % d is c o u n t A t th e tim e o f p r e p a r in g b ¡ll h e c h a r g e d
14 % s a le s ta x F in d th e s e llin
彐 c u s to m e r
g p r ic e o f la p to p p a id b y th e

Eı3 2 T h e p o p u la tio n o f
a to w iı is 2 4 0 0 0 T
n 1s t y e a r S o ı S e llin g p r ic e f la p to p p a id b y
o c u s to m e r
o
p p u la t io n o f t o i n re d u c e d
b y 10 % in 2 n d y e a r o u la
, p p
tio n d æ r e a s e d b y 2 0 % a n d i
n 3 r d y e a r it r e d u c d
e by 2 5 % 90 1 14
F in d p o p u la tio n o f to w n a ft 3 50, 000 × X = R s 5 1, 3 0 0
er ye ar 10 0 10 0
SoL P o pu ı
a t io n f to w n
o a ft e r 3 ye ar

90 80 75
= 24000 × x x _ ı2 9 6 0 E
10 0 10 0 10 0 x 3 8 F in d s in g le d is c o u rıt p e r c e n ta g e e q u iv a le n t to th r e e
s u c c e s s iv e
d is c o u ï ıt p e r c e n t o f 1 0 % 2 0% a n d 30%
R 1 3 A p e rs o Tl h a s c e r t i
x ,
a n a ]m lo u n t in h is a c
coun t H e
w ith d r a w 2 0 % o f th e a m o u n t H e S o ı V a lu e a fte r d is c o u n t
a g a in w ith d r a w 2 5 % o f
re s t a m o u n t H e a a in w ith d
g ra w 3 0 % o f re s t a m o t u n A n d
h e le ft w ith R 90 80 70
n ow s 2 1 0 0 F in d th e am o u n t h e in itia lly h a d 100 × X X 50 4
10 0 10 0 10 0
S o L In itia l a m o u n t, th e p e r s o n ha d
S in g le e q u iv a le n t d is c o u n t 10 0 5 0 4 49 6%

10 0 10 0 10 0 E x 3 9 lf x is e q u a l to 3 s u c c e s s iv e d is c o u n t 1 0 % 15 % ,
- 2 10 0 × X X = R s 5000 ,

80 75 20% an d y is e q u a l to 3 s u c c e s s iv e d is c o u n t 1 5 % 2 0 % a n d
70 ,

10 % T h e n fin d th e r e la tio n s h ip b e tw e e n x a n d
y
E x J 4 A n an d b o u ght a s h ir t T ra der o ffe r e d h im tw o su c

c e s s iv e d is c o u n t o f 1 5 % d 10 % 90
an A n a iıd p a id R s 2 2 9 5 fo r
ı0 0 ×
85 80
S o t X X X = 6 1 20
b u y in g th e s h ir t F in d m ark p r ic e o f th e s h ir t 10 0 10 0 10 0

SoıM a 】k p r ic e o f th e s h ir t
85 80 90
y - 10 0 × X X = 61 20
10 0 10 0 10 0
10 0 10 0
- 2295 × X = R s 3 000
85 90 : X =
)

E O rd e r d o e s n ow h e n o rd e r
t m a tte r , c h an l
x 3 5 P o p u la tio n o f a to is 4 0 , 0 0 0 In 1s t y e a r p o p u la
w n ge s o v e ra

tio n in c r e a s e b y 10 % an d in 2 n d y e a r it in c r e a s e b y 2 0 % a n d p e r c e n ta g e d is c o u n t w ill n o t c h a n g e
3 r d y e a r it in c re a s e by 30 % F in d p o p u la tio n a fte r 3 ye ars E x 3 10 Y o u w an t to b u y a la p to p Y o u a re b e in g o f r e d 4
d iffe r e n t ty p e s o f d is c o u n t w h ic h w ill b e b e tte r fo r y o u ?
S o l P o p u la tio n o f to w n a fte r 3 y e a r s
i) 5 0 % , 5 0 %
1 10 12 0 13 0
- 4 0, 000 × X X = 68640 ii) 6 0 % ,
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a n e le c tio n th e
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=
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-
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n u m b e r o f v o te r s
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40

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1 5 In v a lid 45 V a lid
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9
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2

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9
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320 0 70 % 32 0 0

4( b ta l) 3 0 % 32 0

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1 14
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f2n d num be r
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w a te r fa c ility a r e u n d e r B p L c a e g y
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4 8%
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ta tio n w h o a re u n d e r B P L c a te g o ry a n d h a v e n o s 12 ? '

fa c ility F in đp o p u ı a tio n o f th e v illa g e

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f2o % j C o n c e p ts o f th is v a r ie ty is a k e a d y d e a lt in m y ū r st
8 4 (N i ) 3 3 6 (S a n ita ry ) R a tio d its A p p lic a tio n
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d in
Ex5 3 H ow q lıa n tity o f w a te r s h o u ld b e a d d e
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r e m a in c o n s ta n t
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1 2

5 r a tio b a sed @ u e s tio n s M : M = 5 :6

, 2

T h is v a ń e ty is a lr e a d y ? sc u ssed in M a th s
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It m ean s o ń g in a lq u a n tity w as 5 u n its a n d 1 u n it W a te r
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is a dd e d th e n it b e c o m e s 6 u n its

un i ts- 4 0

E x ￡ 1 4 5% o f a num b e r is 5 5 % o f a n o th e r be r
nun ı H ow 1 u n it = 8
m u ch p e r c e n ta g e 1s t n u m b e r is , o f 2 n d nu m b e r?
W a te r s h o u ld b e a d d e d to m ake 4 0% a c id ic - 8L

Soı Is t N o 2n d N Ex 54 A v e s s e l c o n ta in m
ix tu r e o f s u g a r a iıd w a te r in w h ic h
o
4 5% 5 5% p e r c e n ta g e o f s u g a r is 3 2 If 14 k g o f s u a r is a d d e d th
g en
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 1 15

um t 7
1
: 3 un it= 4 x 3 ・ 12 k g

ıS u n its 7 ) 15 ı0 5 D r y fr u it c a n b e o b ta m * o m 6 4 k g of f r fr u i t 12 k g
E 5 7 P r e B h fr u it c o n ta in 9 5 % o f w a te r w h ile d r y i t
17 u n ıts 7 ) 17 1 19 tity o f tr e s h
c o n ta in 1 0 % o f w a te r H o w m u c h q u a n

In itia l a n d fin a l q u a n tity o fM x tu r c

ı ' 10 5 L , 1 1 9 L fr u its c a n y ie ld s 3 5 k g o f d t y fr u it?

Sol F r e s h fn ıit D r y fr u it
E xĵ S A v e sse lc o n ta in c e r ta in m ix tu r e o f s a lt a n d w a te r in

wh ic h p e r c e n ta g e o f s a lt is 15 W h e n s a lt is a d d e d in to it th e W a te r 9 5% ı0 %
,

g e o f s a lt b e c o m e s 2 5 1f fin a l q u a n tity o f m ix tu r e is
p e r c e n ta
P u lp 5% 9 0%
0
ı 2 L th e n fin d in itia l a n d a d d itio n a l q u a n tit o f s a lt
y
Sol S a lt is a d d e d S o , w e w ilıg o th r o u g h w a te r
g o th r o u g h p u lp
M x 85% M x 7 5%
I 2 M x 5% = M × 90%
, 2

- -
i] 2 u n itB in c re a s e

M 5

17 u n its - 10 2 L
1 u n it = 3 5
10 2 63
18 u n its - 18 ×3 5
15 u n its - x 15 = 90
17
: Q u a n tity o f fre s h fru it th a t y ie ld s 3 5k g o f d r y fru it
2 u n its - 12 - 63 k g

Q u a n tity o f in itia l m ix tu r e - 90kg

A d d itio n a l q u an tity o f s a lt = 12 k g
Q u e s tio n s b a s e d o n c h an g e in n e t in c o m e d u e to c h an ge
h ile d r y fr u it 85% f in ta x p e r c e n ta g e
E x 56 F r e s h fuit c o n ta in o w a te r w

c o n ta in 2 0 % o f w a te r H o w m u c h q u a n tity o f d r y fru it c a n S u p p o s e in c o m e o f a p e r s o n is R s 10 0 an d p e rs o n
b e o b ta in o u t o f 6 4 k g lr e s h ıi t ? p ays 2 0 % ta x A fte r d e d u c tio n o f ta x n e t in c o m e is R s 8 0

Sot F r e s h fuit D ry l i t b y 2 0%
N ow su p p o s e ta x p e r c e n ta g e is in c re a s e d ,

m e an s ta x p e r c e n ta g e b e c o m e s 2 4 % an d n et in co m e w ill
W a te r 85% 20%
beco m e R s 7 6 It a ls o m e an s th a t n e t in c o n ı
e d e cr e a s e d b y
P u lp 15 % 80 % If c a r e fu lly , n o tic e th a t in te m f
5% w e o b se rv e w e s o
cı

u l p re m a n i ng co n s t an t an d wa t er va r i es so we wi ll p e r c e n ta g e w h e n ta x in c re a s e d b y 2 0% th e n n e t in c o m e r e
d u c e d b y 5 % b u t in te rn ]s o f v a ı u e ta x is in c r e a s e d b y R s 4 a n d
g o th r o u g h p u lp
n e t in c o m e r e d u c e d by san 】
e m m t W e m a y c o n c lu d e th a t
M x 15 % = M × 80 %
, 2
20% o f T ax - 5% o f N e t In c o m e
M
1
.
80
.
E : T ax N e t In c o n ıe - 5% : 2 0% = 14
M 15 3
e n r a tio ta x is lu d n e t in is 4 u n its ,
A si p e r g iv n įt an com e

16 un its 64 ean s
aı in itia l in co m e is 5 un its

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