UK

DURETAL 45
—  Duretal 45 is a mild steel plate which has been overlaid
by bulk welding, sometimes known as cast welding, using
an electric arc welding process. The plate is clad with a layer
of chromium carbide alloy consisting of very hard carbides
in a matrix of iron. It is especially suitable in applications
of high stress severe abrasion combined with moderate
impact and heat resistance. The plate can be cut, formed,
rolled and welded into most shapes.

Properties
—  Type of alloy: —  Temperature resistance:
Iron based + High Chromium iron Will retain hardness and wear resistance
up to 450 °C (840 °F).
— Microstructure:
Hyper-Eutectic with Mn7 Cr3 primary chromium carbides — Machining:
in an austenitic eutectic matrix. Not possible except by grinding or electro erosion.

— Cracks: — Cutting:
Cracks are present in large numbers and are evenly distributed Only possible by plasma, laser and water jet high pressure
in the overlay generally at right angles to the direction of with added abrasives.
welding. The cracks do not penetrate into the base plate.

—  Abrasion resistance:
Excellent. This product offers a wear life of 6 to 8 times longer
than that of a typical through hardened 400 Brinell plate.

Minimum characteristics
— Typical chemical composition of finish product — Plate sizes and thicknesses:
(indicative minimum value %):

C Mn Cr Others Fe Sheet sizes (mm) Overlay (mm) Mild Steel (mm)

Single Layer 4.5 2.2 32 1 Balance 3 000 x 1 500 3 3

Second Layer 4.3 2.1 31 1 Balance 3 000 x 1 500 3 5

3 000 x 1 500 4 6

—  Hardness is obtained between 60 and 62 HRc ; 3 000 x 1 500 6 6

This is an average value taken on the prepared ground surface 3 000 x 1 500 5 8
of the overlay. 3 000 x 1 500 6 8

3 000 x 1 500 7 8
—  Chemical analysis is measured 3 000 x 1 500 8 10
using Optical Emission Spectroscopy. 3 000 x 1 500 9 10

3 000 x 1 500 7 12
—  The normal matrix will contain a chromium carbide volume 3 000 x 1 500 5 20
percentage of between 35 and 40 %. 3 000 x 1 500 10 20

Clad area: min. 2 950 x 1 400 mm

max. 2 980 x 1 450 mm

←Typical Microstructure of Duretal 45

Quality considerations and appearance
—  In order to evaluate the quality level of an overlay alloy
cast welded product it is fundamental to proceed as follows:

1 - Observe the correlation between the matrix chemical
analysis. Duretal 45 will be near to the figure shown
in the 3rd column.
2 - Focus on the detail in the dilution area particularly with
thick hardfacing layers. If the dilution is approaching
2 mm and the maximum thickness possible to deposit
in one layer is technically 7 mm the base metal could
be weakened with excess dilution. The weld overlay
will also not have the wear resistance required.

3 - Consider the surface profile and roughness. An irregular

surface suggests that the matrix is not homogenous
and the plates would be difficult to fabricate.

% carbon: 3.0 % carbon: 4.0 % carbon: 5.0

% chromium: 17.0 % chromium: 26.0 % chromium: 32.0
Hardness: Hardness: Hardness:
52 / 54 HRC 54 / 56 HRC 62 / 64 HRC

Methods of fixing

5
4
3
1 2 1

—  Butt welding —  Plug welding —  Stud welding

—  Other methods include edge welding

and use of countersunk fixing holes using inserts
or plasma cut flared holes.

General note
—  For any technical queries, please refer to Abraservice UK.

Contact
A. Arley Road, Saltley, Birmingham B8 1BB, United Kingdom
T. +44 121 326 3100
F. +44 121 326 3105
E. a.uk@abraservice.com
W. uk.abraservice.com