SCIENCE 9

THIRD QUARTER
Module 1 9

Most Essential Learning Competency: Describe the

different types of volcanoes and volcanic eruption (S9ES-
IIIb-25; S9ES-IIIb-26)

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 To the Learners
This module was specially designed to help you understand and apply the lesson objectives.
Read and follow the simple instructions as your guide.
1. Set a conducive learning space at home so you can focus on your studies.
2. Seek assistance from your parents or guardian to guide you in doing the activities.
3. Take down important concepts and list questions you would like to ask from your
teacher.
4. Reflect and apply the concepts that you have learned.

Expectations
The lesson for this week will describe the different types of volcanoes and volcanic
eruption. This module will help you to:
a) describe the structure of a volcano and its parts;
b) describe the types of volcano based on structure and activity;
c) differentiate between active and inactive volcanoes and give examples of
each type which are found in the Philippines; and
d) describe the different types of volcanic eruption and enumerate the signs
of an impending volcanic eruption.

Pre-Test
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on
your answer sheet.
____1. Which of the following is NOT type of volcanic eruption?
A. Composite B. Hydrothermal C. Vulcanian D. Strombolian
____2. Which of the following is NOT a sign of an impending volcanic eruption?
A. Explosion with lava and ashes
B. Increase in the frequency of volcanic quakes
C. Drying up of springs around the volcano
D. Increase in the extent of drying up of vegetation around the volcano’s
upper slopes.
____3. Which of the following volcanoes in the Philippines is classified as Composite
Cone?
A. Iraya Volcano C. Mayon Volcano
B. Kanlaon Volcano D. Taal Volcano
____4. Which of the following is NOT an external part of volcano?
A. Base B. Magma C. Slope D. Summit

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 ____5. Which of the following DOES NOT describe an active volcano?
A. with records of eruption
B. erupted 10,000 years ago
C. have not erupted for the last 10,000 years
D. with records of eruption within the last 600 years

Looking Back
In grade 8 you learned that Philippines is prone
to earthquakes as it is located along the Ring of Fire,
as well as typhoons since our country is located near
the Pacific Ocean wherein most typhoons are formed.
Direction: Read and analyze the statements below. Write
TRUE if the statement is correct, if not WRITE the word/phrases that
makes the statement incorrect in your answer sheet.

________1. A tropical cyclone is formed on land.

________2. Not all parts of the ocean can provide water vapor that contributes to the
formation of typhoons.
________3. There is a device used to forecast the incoming earthquake.
________4. The epicenter is the point directly above the surface of the Earth.
________5. Super typhoon has a wind speed of 200 km/h and above.

Introduction
Do you remember the eruption of Taal Volcano in Batangas, Philippines on
January 12, 2020? It was a phreatomagmatic eruption from its main crater that spewed
Looking Back
ashes across Calabarzon, Metro Manila, and some parts of Central Luzon and Ilocos
Region, resulting in the suspension of classes, work schedules, and flights in the area.

Philippines is located along the Ring of Fire, as a result, it is a home of many

volcanoes. According to the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
(PHIVOLCS), our country is an ideal site for any volcanic activity. Therefore, it is
important to know how this natural phenomenon occurs to reduce the risks and effects
it may cause.
Volcano is a natural opening of the earth
where molten rocks, hot gases, smoke, and ash
are ejected. It has external parts summit,
slope, and base. At the summit, there is an
opening which may either be a crater or a
caldera. A crater is a funnel-shaped opening at Figure 1. Mayon Volcano

the top of a volcano while caldera is formed when https://www.livescience.com/61487-mayon-volcano-imminent-eruption.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Taal_Volcano_eruption

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 a part of the wall collapse following an explosive eruption. A volcano can have one crater,
like Mayon Volcano, or more, like Taal Volcano which has 47 craters.
Figure 1, is a picture of Mayon Volcano, also known as Mount mayon, is asacred
and active stratovolcano in the province of Albay in Bicol Region, on the large island of
Luzon in the Philippines. A popular tourist spot, it is renowned for its “perfect cone”
because of its symmetric conical shape.
Volcano comes in different shapes, sizes, structures and a unique history of
eruption and classified according to:

A. Record of eruption
Active Volcano Inactive
 Record of eruption within the last  No record of eruption for the last
600 years 10,000 years
 Erupted 10,000 years ago based on  Physical form is being change by
analyses of their materials agents of weathering and erosion
through the formation of deep and
long gullies.

B. Volcanic Landform or Shape of its Cone

Shield Cone Volcanoes are formed by the

accumulation of lava that oozes out from the volcano.
Since non-viscous lava can flow freely, a broad, slightly
dome structure that resembles a warrior’s shield is
formed.
Fig. 2 https://examples.yourdictionary.com/shield-
volcano-examples.html

Cinder Cone Volcanoes, on the other hand, are

built from ejected lava fragments, have steep three major
volcanoes.

Fig. 3 magellantv.com

Composite Cone Volcanoes or Stratovolcanoes

are large, nearly perfect slope structures formed from
alternate solidification of both lava and pyroclastic
deposits example is figure 1 at page 3.

Fig. 4 https://www.livescience.com/61487-
mayon-volcano-imminent-eruption.html

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C. Styles of Volcanic Eruption

To learn more about volcano, do the following activities:

Activity 1

What is a Volcano?
Objectives:
 Characterize a volcano
 Identify the external parts of a volcano
Procedure:
A. In the answer sheet, beside each number put a check mark (/) if it describes a
characteristic of volcano and a cross mark (X) if it doesn’t.
_______1. Volcanoes are usually cone-shaped mountains or hills.
_______2. The Ring of Fire is a major area in the basin of the Pacific Ocean where volcanic
eruptions occur .
_______3. Volcano is a large landform that rises above the surrounding land in a limited
area, usually in the form of a peak.
_______4. Volcano looks like a little bump on the Earth.
_______5.There is an opening at the top which is called a crater wherein an explosion
occurs.

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 B. Arrange the jumbled letters to name the external part of a volcano defined in each
Number. Write your answer in the answer sheet.
____________1. The lowest part, bottom, or supporting layer of the volcano. (S A B E)
____________2. Is the highest point or the apex of the volcano. ( M U S M I T)
____________3. It is a surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than another;
a rising or falling surface. (P O L E S)

C. Based on your answers in Part B, identify the external parts of volcanoes. Write your
answer in your answer sheet.

https://examples.yourdictionary.com/shield-volcano-examples.html https://maggiesscienceconnection.weebly.com/cinder-cone-
volcanoes.html

In Activity 1, you have described what a volcano is and you identified the external
parts of a volcano. According to PHIVOLCS our country has more than a hundred
volcanoes as of 2013. Twenty-three are active while the rest are inactive. Some of these
volcanoes will be mentioned in the next activity. Perform the next activity to classify
these volcanoes according to their record of eruption.

Activity 2

Volcanoes in the Philippines

Objective:

 Classify volcanoes as active or inactive

Materials:

 Philippine map
 Colored pen/Coloring Material
 Triangle ruler

Procedure:
1. Using the Philippine map (figure 2), plot the location of the following volcanoes. Use
the colors indicated in the legend.

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 Volcano Latitude Longitude No. of historical Latest eruption
eruption or activity
Cabaluyan 150 42’ 1200 19’ 0 -

Cocoro 100 53’ 1210 12’ 0 -

Iraya 200 29’ 1220 01’ 1 1454

Kanlaon 100 24’ 1230 7’ 26 2006 June

Mayon 130 15’ 1230 41’ 49 2013 May

Pulung 70 55’ 1240 38’ 0 -

Smith 190 32’ 1210 55’ 6 1924

Taal 140 1200 59’ 33 1977

Tamburok 110 33’ 1240 26’ 0 -

Urot 50 59’ 1210 15’ 0 -

Table 1. List of some volcanoes in the Philippines (Source: Philippine Institute of Volcanology
and Seismology, accessed Sept. 30, 2013

W E

Legend:
O = volcano that has no record of eruption (Red)
O = volcano that has erupted 1 to 5 times (Green)
O = volcano that has erupted 6 to 10 times (Yellow)
O = volcano that has erupted more than 10 times (Blue)

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 Guide Questions:
Q1. Are all volcanoes found in the same location?
Q2. Which of the volcanoes has the most number of eruptions?
Q3. Which of the volcanoes has the least number of eruptions?
Q4. Which of the volcanoes has no record of eruptions?
Q5. How will you classify the volcanoes that have records of eruptions?
Q6. How will you classify volcanoes with no record of eruption?
Q7. In your own words, differentiate an active volcano from an inactive one.

You have differentiated an active volcano from an inactive one. In the next
activity, you will classify volcanoes according to their cone and style of eruption.

Activity 3
Types of Volcanoes
Objective:
 Classify volcanoes according to the shape of its’ cone and style of eruption.

Procedure:
A. Classify the following volcanoes according to the shape of its cone. Refer to the key
concept part of this module (letter B). Write your answer on your answer sheet.

Cinder Lava Flows

Lava Flows
s Cinder
s

B. Matching Type: Match the definition in Column A to its terms in column B. Write the
letter of your answer on your answer sheet.
Column A Column B
_____1. Excessively explosive type of eruption of gas a. Hydrothermal
and pyroclastic.
_____2. Characterized by fountain of lava b. Plinian
_____3. A violent eruption occurs due to the contact c. Phreatomagmatic
between water and magma.
_____4. Eruption column of this volcano reach up to d. Strombolian
20 km high with pyroclastic flow and ashfall tephra.
_____5. Short-lived, stream-driven eruption. e. Vulcanian

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 C. Direction: Identify if the statement is a sign of impending volcanic eruption or not
and put check mark (/) in column that correspond to your answer.
Yes No
1. Increase in the frequency of volcanic quakes with rumbling sounds; occurrence of volcanic
tremors.
2. Noticeable variation in the chemicals content of springs, crater lakes within the
vicinity of the volcano.
3. Drying up of springs/wells around the volcano.
4. Decrease in the temperature of hot springs, wells (e.g., Bulusan and Canlaon) and
crater lakes (e.g., Taal) near the volcano;
5. Release of magma in volcanos’ crater

Remember

PHIVOLCS -Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

volcano -is a natural opening of the earth where molten rocks, hot gases, smoke, and
ash are ejected.
base -the lowest part, bottom, or supporting layer of the volcano.
slope -it is a surface of which one end or side is at a higher level than another; a rising
or falling surface.
Summit –the highest point or the apex of the volcano.

Check your Understanding

Complete the concept map.

VOLCANO

External Part Classification

s
a.
Records of eruption Shape of Cone Styles of eruption

b. a. a.
a.

c. b.
b.
b.
c.
c.
d.

e.

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 Post Test
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer in
your answer sheet.

____1. Mayon volcano’s cone has a perfect shape thus, classified as ________________.
A. Cinder B. Composite C. Shield D. Vulcanian
____2. When Taal Volcano erupted it produced columns of ashes together with hot rocks
that come in contact with the water. Which eruption style does it belong?
A. Plinian B. Phreatic C. Phreatomagmatic D. Strombolian
____3. Which phrase/description below is NOT a sign of an impending volcanic
eruption?
A. Crater glow due to presence of magma at or near the crater
B. Drying up of springs/wells around the volcano
C. Explosion with lava and ashes
D. Increase in the frequency of volcanic quakes
____4. Which external part of volcano can we find an opening that may either be a crater
or a caldera?
A. Base B. Magma C. Slope D. Summit
____5. Which of the following is NOT a basis in classifying a volcano?
A. opening of crater B. record of eruption C. shape D. styles of eruption

Reflection

Answer the following questions.

{{{ {

What have I learned?

_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Why do you think it is important to learn the characteristics of a

volcano??
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

Give a situation wherein you can apply what you have learned from
this module?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

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 Name:_____________________________________ Teacher: _______________________
Grade & Section: __________________________ Date: __________________________

Answer Sheet Q3-W1

Pre-test Activity #2

1. _____
2. _____
3. _____
4. _____
5. _____

Looking Back
1. __________
2. __________
3. __________
4. __________
5. __________

Activity #1

A.
1. _____
2. _____
3. _____
4. _____
5. _____
W E

B.
1. _______________ S
2. _______________
3. _______________

C.
1. _______________
2. _______________
3. _______________

Activity #2

Guide Questions:
1. ________________________
2. ________________________
3. ________________________
4. ________________________
________________________
________________________
________________________
5. ________________________
6. ________________________
7. ________________________

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 Activity #3

Lava
A. Lava Cin
ders Flows Cin B.
Flows
ders 1. _____
2. _____
3. _____
4. _____
5. _____

C.

Yes No
1. Increase in the frequency of volcanic quakes with rumbling sounds; occurrence of volcanic
tremors.
2. Noticeable variation in the chemicals content of springs, crater lakes within the
vicinity of the volcano.
3. Drying up of springs/wells around the volcano.
4. Decrease in the temperature of hot springs, wells (e.g., Bulusan and Canlaon) and
crater lakes (e.g., Taal) near the volcano;
5. Release of magma in volcanos’ crater

Check your understanding

Complete the concept map.

VOLCANO

External Part Classification

s
a.
Records of eruption Shape of Cone Styles of eruption

b. a. a.
a.

c. b.
b.
b.
c.
c.
d.

e.

Post-test
1. _____
2. _____
3. _____
4. _____
5. _____

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