OptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.103 OS-T: 1080 Coupled Linear Heat Transfer/Structure Analysis A coupled heat transfer/structure analysis on a steel pipe is performed in this tutorial. As shown in the figure below, the pipe is fixed on the ground at one end and the heat flux is applied on the other end, A linear steady-state heat conduction solution is defined first. Then it Is referred by a structure solution by TEMP to perform the coupled thermal/structural analysis. The problem is defined in HyperMesh and solved with OptiStruct implicit solver. The heat transfer and structure results are post processed in Hyperview. Heat Flux = ——s <> Figure 83: Model Review Launching HyperMesh and Setting the OptiStruct User Profile 1. Launch HyperMesh. ‘The User Profile dialog appears. 2. Select OptiStruct and click OK. This loads the user profile. It includes the appropriate template, macro menu, and import reader, paring down the functionality of HyperMesh to what is relevant for generating models for Optistruct. Importing the Model 1. Click File > Import > Solver Deck. ‘An Import tab is added to your tab menu. 2. For the File type, select OptiStruct. 3. ed Select the Files icon , | 5 Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering ©) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.104 A Select OptiStruct file browser opens. 4. Select the pipe. rem file you saved to your working directory from the to Accessing the Model Files. 5. Click Open, -zip file, Refer 6. Click Import, then click Close to close the Import tab. Setting Up the Model Creating Coupled Thermal/Structural Material and Property Create the material and property collectors before creating the component collectors. 1, In the Model Browser, right-click and select Create > Material A default MAT1 material displays in the Entity Editor. 2. For Name, enter ste: 3. Click the box next to MATA, The Maré card image appears below mari in the material information area. The ti the isotropic structural material. wars card is for the constant thermal material. same material ID as MAT2. card defines uses the If a quantity in brackets does not have a value below it, it is turned OFF. 4, To add a value, click the quantity in brackets. An entry field appears below it. 5. Click the entry field and enter a value. 6. Enter the following values for the material, steel, in the Entity Editor. [E] Young's modulus 2.1 x 10" Pa INU] Poisson's ratio 0.3 [RHO] Material density 7.9 x 10° Kg/m? [A] Thermal expansion 1x 10°%/°c coefficient [k] Thermal conductivity 73W / (m * °C) Anew coupled thermal/structural material, steel, is created. 7) Altai Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering -) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.105 Name Nema Cy 1 Color a include File Master Model Card image MAT UserComments Hide In MenwEport | © 10000000.0 al || NU 03 RHO. 738-009 A 1-005 TREF ce st se || ss MATS! MATT = MATA 2 K 70 cP. PHO H HEN MATA MATS MATFAT: MATFI ee Figure 84: The Material Entity Editor 7. In the Model Browser, right-click and select Create > Property. A default esiz11 property displays in the Entity Editor. 8. For Name, enter solid, 9. For Material, click Unspecified > Material. 10. In the Select Material dialog, select steel and click OK. 7\ Altai Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering &) AltairOptistruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis Select Material = Enter Search Sting Q Na. 1, Col. Cardimage @ set 1 mart 106 Figure 85: Assigning the Material steel to the Property solid 11. For Card Image, select PSOLID from the drop-down menu and click Yes to confirm. ‘The property of the solid steel pipe has been created as 3D PSOLID. Material information is linked to this property. Linking Material and Property to Existing Structure Once the material and property are defined, they need to be linked to the structure. 1. In the Model Browser, click on the pipe component. ‘The component template displays in the Entity Editor. 2, For Property, click Unspecified > Property. 3. In the Select Property dialog, select solid and click OK. , | 2 Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering <) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.107 G select Property | ich Sting a} Na. 1. Col.. Cardimage @ soup Figure 86: Assigning the Property solid to the Component pipe Applying Thermal Loads and Boundary Conditions to the Model A structural constraint ruct Is applied on the 852 element to fix the pipe on the ground. Two empty load collectors, spc_heat and heat_flux have been pre-created. In this section, the thermal boundary conditions and heat flux are applied on the model and saved in spc heat and heat_flox, respectively. Creating Thermal Constraints 1, Click the Set Current Load Collector panel located at the right corner of the footer bar, as. shown below. A list of load collectors appears. et Curent Lod Collector [ [ TD spo_struct Figure 87: Setting the Current Load Collector 2. Select spc_neat as the current load collector. 3. From the Analysis page, click constraints. 4. Go to the create subpanel. , ees a cao ©) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.108 5. Click the entity selection switch and select nodes from the pop-up menu. 6. Click nodes >> by sets. 7. Select the predefined entity set heat and click select. ‘The selected nodes on the fixed end should be highlighted. 8. Uncheck the boxes in front of dof1, dof2, dof3, dof4, dofS, and dof6 and enter 0.0 in the entry fields. 9. Click load types = and select SPC from the pop-up list. 10. Click create. This applies these thermal constraints to the selected nodal set. 11. Click return to go to the Analysis page. Creating CHBDYE Surface Elements The heat flux will be applied on the surface of the free end of the pipe. Therefore, the surface elements CHBDYE for defining heat transfer boundaries must be created first. 1. Click BCs > Create > Interfaces. 2. For Name, enter heat_surs. 3. For Card Image, select CONDUCTION from the drop-down menu. 4. Select an appropriate color from the palette. 5. For Slave Entity IDs, click Elements. The Slave Entity IDs panel is now displayed below the Graphics browser. 6. Click the switch button for elems and select faces from the pop-up list. 7. Click the highlighted solid elems and select by sets from the pop-up selection menu. 8. Select element set solid elems and click select. 9. Click nodes in the face nodes field. 10, Select four nodes on one face of a solid element where the heat flux is applied, as shown in Figure 88. i | Z Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering ©) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.109 Figure 88: Nodes on the Surface Element 11. Click add. This adds the CHBDYE surface elements on all the solid elements following the same side Avention, as shown in Figure 89. - . Pops earniGReT AST ergracsiG ) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Smaill Displacement Finite Element Analysis Figure 89: CHBDYE Surface Elements 12. Click return to return to the Entity Editor, 13. Click Close. Creating Heat Flux on Surface Elements In this step, the uniform heat flux into CHBDYE elements is defined with QBDY1 entries, Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering Set your current load collector to heat_flux. From the Analysis page, click flux to enter the Flux panel. Go to the create subpanel. Click elems >> by group. Select heat_surf and click select. The surface elements are highlighted. Click load types= and select QBDY1. In the value= field, enter 1.0. Click create. The uniform heat flux in the surface elements is defined. Click return to go back to Analysis page. p.110 ’) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis pall Creating Heat Transfer Load Step An OptiStruct steady state heat conduction loadstep is created, which references the thermal boundary conditions in the load collector spe_heat and the heat flux in the load collector heat_flux. The gradient, flux, and temperature output for the heat transfer analysis are also requested in the load step. 1. In the Model Browser, right-click and select Create > Load Step. A default load step displays in the Entity Editor, 2. For Name, enter heat_transfer, 3. Click the drop-down menu in the Value field next to Analysis type in the Entity Editor and select Heat transfer (steady state). 4. For SPC, click Unspecified > Loadcol. 5. In the Select Loadcol dialog, select spe_heat and click OK. |G seiect asco | | Erte Search Sting. Q | Name 1 Co. Cardia... | @ sochest) i | heattoe 2 | wew.3 Figure 90: Selecting the Constraints 6. For LOAD, click Unspecified > Loadcol. 7. Inthe Select Loadcol dialog, select heat_flux and click OK. 8. Verify that the Analysis type is set to HEAT. 9. Check the box next to OUTPUT. 10. Activate the options of FLUX and THERMAL on the sub-list. 11. Under each result selection, click the space next to FORMAT and select H3D format from the drop- down menu, For THERMAL, click the Table icon ‘x, and select H3D from the drop-down menu in the table that opens, 12. Click the button under OPTION and select ALL, as shown in Figure 91. Flux and Thermal output can also be requested in the Control Cards panel on the Analysis page. , =e ©) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.112 FORMAT a) Figure 91: Setting up the Heat Transfer Loadstep Creating a Structure Load Step To perform a coupled thermal/structural analysis, the heat transfer SUBCASE needs to be referenced by a structural SUBCASE through TEMP card. Since this is not directly supported in HyperMesh, a linear static structural subcase is created and temperature is added using SUBCASE_UNSUPPORTED or by editing the . rem file after the model export. In the Model Browser, right-click and select Create > Load Step. A default load step displays in the Entity Editor. For Name, enter structure temp. Click on the drop-down menu in the Value field next to Analysis type in the Entity Editor and select Linear Static. For SPC, click Unspecified > Loadcol. In the Select Loadcol dialog, select spc_struct and click OK. Check the box next to SUBCASE_UNSUPPORTED. Click the Table icon ‘= to the right of Data: Comments and enter the following text in the first. row of the pop-out table. TEMP= Note the TEMP ID used above could be different from your model. Make sure the ID of the heat transfer subcase is selected for TEMP. Click Close. rr . Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering ~) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.113 Submitting the Job 1. From the Analysis page, click the OptiStruct panel. control cards © Geom output block ¢ 1D loadsteps © 2D ¢ 3D © Analysis © Tool OptiStruct || - Post Figure 92: Accessing the OptiStruct Panel 2. Click save as. 3. In the Save As dialog, specify location to write the OptiStruct model file and enter pipe _comp for filename. For OptiStruct input decks, . ren is the recommended extension. 4, Click Save, The input file field displays the filename and location specified in the Save As dialog. 5. Set the export options toggle to all, 6. Set the run options toggle to analysis. 7. Set the memory options toggle to memory default. 8. Click OptiStruct to launch the OptiStruct job. If the job is successful, new results files should be in the directory where the pipe complete. fen was written. The pipe complete. out file is a good place to look for error messages that could help debug the input deck if any errors are present. Viewing the Results Gradient temperatures and flux contour results for the steady state heat conduction analysis and the stress and displacement results for the structural analysis are computed from OptiStruct. HyperView is used to post-process the results. Viewing Heat Transfer Analysis Results 1, From the OptiStruct panel, click HyperView. HyperView is launched and the results are loaded. A message window appears to inform of the successful model and result files loading into HyperView. 2. Click €lose to close the message window, if one appears. i | : omany nee aa SPCR £) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.1i4 3+ on the Results toolbar, click gi to open the Contour panel. 4. Select Subcase 1 - heat transfer as the current load case in the Results tab, as shown below. [fea Terstertnayes SSS [BBR Figure 93: Results tab in HyperView In the Contour panel, select the first pull-down menu below Result type and select Element Fluxes (V). 6. Click Apply. A contoured image representing thermal fluxes should be visible. 7. Select the first pull-down menu below Result type and select Grid Temperatures (s). 8. Click Apply. Both flux and temperature results are shown below. Figure 94: Results of Heat Transfer Analysis: 7, Altai Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering ~) AltairOptiStruct Tutorials Basic Small Displacement Finite Element Analysis p.115 Viewing the Results for the Coupled Thermal/Structure Analysis 1. Select the structure analysis subcase as the current load case in the Load Case and Simulation Selection window. 2. Select the first pull-down menu below Result type and select Element Stresses [2D & 3D] (t). 3. Select the second pull-down menu below Result type and select vonMises. 4. Click Apply. A contoured image representing von Mises stresses should be visible. Each element in the model is assigned a legend color, indicating the von Mises stress value for that element, resulting from the applied loads and boundary conditions, 5. Select the first pull-down menu below Result type and select Displacement (v). 6. Select the second pull-down menu below Result type and select Mag. 7. Click Apply. Both stress and displacement contours are shown below. Figure 95: Results of the structural analysis: Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering 2) Altair