Language and Gender

COMMUNICATION
FOR VARIOUS
PURPOSES
General Objectives:

1. Demonstrate mastery in obtaining, providing and

disseminating information.
2. Present ideas persuasively using appropriate verbal and
non-verbal cues.
3. Create a public service announcement regarding
environmental disaster preparedness employing the
concepts of informative, persuasive and argumentative
communication.
Talking
Points
“The improvement of understanding is for two ends: first our
own increase of knowledge; secondly, to enable us to deliver
that knowledge to others.”

1. What do you think does John Locke mean?

2. In which aspect of your field do you find John Locke’s
idea most relevant? Explain.
 Concept
Grounding
 Three Types of Discourse

INFORMATIVE COMMUNICATION

This type involves giving than asking. As an

informative communicator, you want your
receivers to pay attention and understand,
but not to change their behaviour.
INFORMATIVE COMMUNICATION
Principles of informative communicatio
(Osborn, 2009)
a. We seek to expand our awareness of the
world around us.
b. We seek to become more competent.
c. We have an abiding curiosity about how
things work and how they are made.
 Three Types of Discourse

PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION

It is an art of gaining fair and

favorable considerations for our
point of view.
PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION
a. It provides a choice among options.
b. It advocates something through a speaker.
c. It uses supporting material to justify advice.
d. It turns the audience into agents of change.
e. It asks for strong audience commitment.
f. It gives importance to the speaker’s credibility.
g. It appeals to feelings.
h. It has higher ethical obligation.
 Three Types of Discourse

ARGUMENTATIVE COMMUNICATION

It relies heavily on sound proof and

reasoning. The nature of proof has been
studied since the Golden Age of Greece
and has been improved through time.
ARGUMENTATIVE COMMUNICATION

ethos – characteristics or spirit of a culture

as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations
logos – principle of reason and
judgment
pathos – a quality that evokes pity
or sadness

ARGUMENTATIVE COMMUNICATION
To avoid defective argumentation, the
following must be avoided?
a. Defective evidence
· Misuse of facts
· Defective testimony
· Inappropriate evidence

ARGUMENTATIVE COMMUNICATION
To avoid defective argumentation, the
following must be avoided?
b. Defective patterns of reasoning
· Evidential fallacies
1. Slippery slope (an idea or course of
action which will lead to something
unacceptable, wrong or disastrous)
ARGUMENTATIVE COMMUNICATION
To avoid defective argumentation, the
following must be avoided?
2. Confusing facts with opinion
3. Red herring (something that intends to mislead)
4. Myth of the mean
5. Flawed proofs
6. Defective arguments
Firming
Up
1. What is the difference between an informative
communication and persuasive communication?
2. What ethical consideration must one bear in
mind when informing, persuading or arguing?
3. How may each discourse deliver a positive
gender impression?
Thank you!