Plant Protection

Vegetation Analysis and Weed

Management
Dr. Ir. R.R. Rukmowati Brotodjojo, M.Agr.
Danar Wicaksono, S.P., M.Sc.
 Objective of Vegetation Analysis
1. Find out the existing weed vegetation in detail from the kinds of species, number, weight and
frequency.
2. Determine the weed community or society in field.
3. Determine dominant and co-dominant weeds.
4. Determine the coefficient of community or diversity weed.
5. Determine the right way of control.
6. Weed annuals are controlled before flowering, weeds annually controlled periodically with a
systemic herbicide at the time of active growth.

Data Obtained From Vegetation Analysis

1. Qualitative Data
➢ Data were obtained by field observations without sample plots, showing the
distribution of certain types of weeds.

➢ What is observed is:

a) length of life: annual or perennial plants.
b) Sociability
c) Stratification
d) Periodicity

▪ Seeds germinate at the start of the rainy season

Annual or Perennial Plants ▪ Grow, flower, bear fruit, and the fruit is spread at the
Seasonal plants: end of the dry season. Example :
▪ Life is a year or less than a year Agerathum conyzoides, Portulaca oleraceae
Perennials: Cyperus rotundus, Mikania mikranta, Sambucus
▪ Its life cycle is several times in three years or more javanicus
▪ Reproduce generatively and vegetatively.
Example:

Data Obtained From Vegetation Analysis

1. Qualitative Data
➢ Data were obtained by field observations without sample plots, showing the
distribution of certain types of weeds.

➢ What is observed is:

a) length of life: annual or perennial plants.
b) Sociability
 c) Stratification
d) Periodicity

Data Obtained From Vegetation Analysis

b) Sociability
▪ states the relationship between weed species and shows how they are spread or
grouped in the community.
▪ For example: living alone, clustered, clustered and scattered, forming a wide expanse.

Data Obtained From Vegetation Analysis

1. Qualitative Data
➢ Data were obtained by field observations without sample plots, showing the
 distribution of certain types of weeds.

➢ What is observed is:

a) length of life: annual or perennial plants.
b) Sociability
c) Stratification
d) Periodicity

Data Obtained From Vegetation Analysis

c) Stratification
▪ In a community, plant heights are often not the same, so this can be grouped into
classes:1-20 cm, 21-40 cm, 41-60 cm, 61-80 cm, 81 cm and higher.
 d) Periodicity
▪ shows the period/phase of weed growth.
▪ For example: germination period, flower period, fruit period, seed dispersal period.

Data Obtained From Vegetation Analysis

2. Quantitative Data
➢ data obtained from field observations with sample plots.
➢ Observed: number, size, wet/dry weight, area covered.

Parameter
a. density: number of individual weed species
b. dominance : total quantity (plant height/dry weight in the sample plot)
c. frequency: the number of sample plots containing the weed species from all
sample plots.

Vegetation analysis method

1. Estimate
➢Estimates in the field are carried out by experienced people, namely by looking at
them. 2. Quadratic method
➢because the plot size is in square units; rectangle, rectangle and circle. The quantities
obtained are density, frequency and dominance
3. The line or stub method (line intercept)
➢ Used for very large areas, can be fast and accurate, for example for young plantations where weed
populations are dense, low, in groups with clear group boundaries. How to use a tape measure 15-25 m
long. The obtained quantities are density, frequency and dominance.
4. The point method
➢ is an extreme quadratic method which is reduced to a point. This method is for low shrubs and
creepers. The way is with a 70 cm long shelf and every 5-10 cm there is a needle. The quantities
obtained are only 2, namely frequency and dominance

Amount Calculated Absolute density = the number of individuals of that species in the

sample plot. Relative density = ( absolute density : the sum of the absolute densities of all types) x 100% Absolute

dominance = total biomass value or volume of that kind.

Relative dominance = ( absolute dominance of the breed : the absolute dominance of all species ) x 100%

Amount Calculated Absolute frequency of a species = the number of sample plots

containing that type
Relative frequency = (absolute frequency of that type : number of frequencies absolutely of all species) x
100% Significant value = relative density + relative frequency + relative dominance

SDR (Summed Dominance Ratio)= important value:3

Weed Management
1. Prevention Action
▪ Blocking explosive weeds from entering under any pretext.
▪ Preventing sources of invasion and sanitation: sorting seeds, cleaning tools, avoiding the use of fresh
manure, installing filters
▪ Seedlaws: seed certification
▪ Quarantine: prohibiting the entry of plants by law

Weed Management
2. Control (Weed Control)
▪ Suppressing weed growth to the limit is not detrimental

3. Eradication (Eradications)
▪ Kills weeds to the roots

4. Utilization
▪ Use weeds to have a positive meaning.

References
Moenandir.1990. Pengantar Ilmu dan Pengendalian Gulma. Rajawali Press. Jakarta. -----.1993.
Ilmu Gulma dan Sistem Pertanian. Raja Grafindo Persada. Jakarta. Natawigena, H. 1994. Dasar-
dasar Perlindungan Tanaman. Trigenda Karya, Bandung. Rukmana dan Saputra. 1999. Gulma
dan Teknik Pengendalian. Kanisius. Yogyakarta. Sukman dan Yakup. 1995. Gulma dan Teknik
Pengendaliannya. Universitas Sriwijaya. Palembang. Tjitrosoedirdjo,S. 1984. Pengelolaan Gulma
di Perkebunan. PT. Gramedia, Jakarta.