University of Baghdad

Department of Electronics and Communication

First Year
Energy Conversion Final Exam
Second Attempt, 2017/2018

Time: 3 hours September 17th, 2018 Maximum Mark: 70

Note: (1) Attempt Five questions only, (2) Write your answers either with a pen OR a pencil.

1. (a) A shunt-wound DC generator with armature resistance of 0.1 Ω and field resistance of
50 Ω. If the voltage generated in the armature was 250 V, and the terminal voltage was 220 V,
find the current passing through a 100 Ω load connected to the generator. [6 Marks]
(b) A 300 mm long conductor carries a current of 13 A and is at right-angles to a magnetic
field between two circular pole faces, each of diameter 80 mm. If the total flux between the
pole faces is 0.75 mW b, calculate the force exerted on the conductor. [8 Marks]

2. An eight-pole wave-wound motor is connected to a 240 V DC voltage supply. The armature

has 600 conductors and a resistance of 0.5 Ω. If the flux per pole is 30 mWb and the armature
current is 25 A, find:
(a) The developed speed and torque. [6 Marks].
(b) If the winding of the motor was (series) with a field resistance of 0.5 Ω, find the maximum
efficiency. [8 Marks].

3. A single-phase transformer has 5000 turns on the primary and 3000 turns on the secondary.
The no-load current is 2 A with a power factor of 0.1 lagging, and the secondary current is
50 A with a power factor of 0.9 lagging. Find:
(a) The magnitude of the primary current. [5 Marks]
(b) The power factor of the primary current. [5 Marks]
(c) Sketch (to scale) the on-load phasor diagram for this transformer. [4 Marks]

4. (a) A series-wound DC motor has a field resistance of 0.1 Ω and armature resistance of 0.05 Ω.
For a certain load, the motor runs at 20 rev/s when it draws 12 A from a 220 V source. Find
(i) the back e.m.f. generated by the motor, and (ii) the speed of the motor when the load
changes such that the current is decreased to 8 A, assuming the flux is reduced to 75% of its
original value. [6 Marks].
(b) Choose the correct answer for the following: [2 Marks each]

1. The working principle of ........... is based on the theory of electromagnets. (a) Loudspeaker
(b) Electric bell (c) Transformer.
2. The effect of the transformer’s ........... loss can be reduced by laminating the core. (a)
Copper loss (b) Hysteresis loss (c) Eddy current loss.
3. One of the following is NOT one of the standard SI units: (a) Mile (b) Second (c) Kelvin.
4. The hysteresis loop of ........... is very small. (a) Hard material (b) Soft steel (c) Ferrite.

5. (a) A 250 kVA rated transformer has an iron loss of 1 kW and an output power factor of 0.85.
If the full-load efficiency was 98%, find the full-load copper loss. [8 Marks].
 (b) A conductor moves with a velocity of 36 km/h between two square-faced poles of side
length 5 cm. If the flux on the pole face is 100 mWb, find the magnitude of the induced e.m.f.
in the wire if the angle of movement is (i) 100 , (ii) 300 , and (iii) 600 . [6 Marks].
6. (a) The magnetic circuit shown in Figure (1a) consists of the following parts:
Part A, made of cast steel, with a length of 10 cm and cross-sectional area of 0.15 cm2 .
Part B, made of silicon iron, with a length of 20 cm and a cross-sectional area of 0.18 cm2 .
Air gap 1, with a length of 1 mm and a cross-sectional area of 0.3 cm2 .
Air gap 2, with a length of 3 mm and a cross-sectional area of 0.3 cm2 .
If the coil wound on part A has 1000 turns, find the required current to pass through this coil
to produce a magnetic flux density of 0.75 T in air gap 2. Make use of the B-H curves shown
in Figure (1b). [6 Marks].

(a) (b)

Figure 1

(b) Fill the blanks [2 Marks each]:

1. Knowing that µr is called the relative permeability, µ = µ0 µr is called the ...............
permeability.
2. The work required to raise a mass of 200 kg through a height of 10 m is ............. Nm.
3. The direction of the force excreted on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field
can be determined using the ............. hand rule.
4. ................. generators are used only in special cases, such as when a wide variation in
terminal potential difference is required.

Note: µ0 = 4π × 10−7 H/m, gravitational acceleration = 9.8 m/s2 .

End of Questions

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