∫ 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑢 + 𝐶 INTEGRATION BY PARTS TRIGONOMETRIC RATIONAL FRACTION

∫ 𝑑𝑢 + 𝑑𝑣 + 𝑑𝑤 = 𝑢 + 𝑣 + 𝑤 + 𝐶 𝐴𝑙𝑔𝑒𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑐 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑇𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 SUBSTITUTION

∫ 𝑎 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑎 ∫ 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑎𝑢 + 𝐶 ∫ 𝑥 2 sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑪𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝟏: 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑡 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠.
If the integrand contains the form
𝑢𝑛+1
∫ 𝑢𝑛 𝑑𝑢 = + 𝐶 (𝑥 − 1)
𝑛+1 𝐴𝑙𝑔𝑒𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑐 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐿𝑜𝑔𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡ℎ𝑚𝑖𝑐
𝑑𝑢
𝑎2 − 𝑢 2
∫ = ln|𝑢| + 𝐶 ∫ 𝑥 2 ln 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑪𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝟐: 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠.
𝑢 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑎𝑢
∫ 𝑎𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = + 𝐶
𝑙𝑛|𝑎| 𝐴𝑙𝑔𝑒𝑏𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑐 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 (𝑥 − 1)2
2 2
∫ 𝑒 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑒 𝑢 + 𝐶 ∫ 𝑥 𝑒 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑎 +𝑢 𝑪𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝟑: 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠.
∫ sin 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = − cos 𝑢 + 𝐶
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 𝑎𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
𝐸𝑥𝑝𝑜𝑛𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑇𝑟𝑖𝑔𝑜𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3
∫ cos 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = sin 𝑢 + 𝐶
∫ 𝑒𝑥 cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2
𝑢 −𝑎 2 𝑪𝒂𝒔𝒆 𝟒: 𝐷𝑒𝑛𝑜𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑤𝑖𝑡ℎ 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑒𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑑. 𝑓𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠.
∫ tan 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = − ln|cos 𝑢| + 𝐶 𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 𝑎𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
∫ cot 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = ln|sin 𝑢| + 𝐶 ∫ 𝒖𝒅𝒗 = 𝒖𝒗 − ∫ 𝒗𝒅𝒖 (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 3)2

∫ sec 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = ln|sec 𝑢 + tan 𝑢| + 𝐶

DOUBLE ANGLE
∫ csc 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = − ln|csc 𝑢 + cot 𝑢| + 𝐶 RECIPROCAL IDENTITIES FORMULAS
PYTHAGOREAN
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = tan 𝑢 + 𝐶 ALGEBRAIC 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 =
1
sin 2𝑥 = 2 sin 𝑥 cos 𝑥
𝑐𝑠𝑐𝜃 IDENTITIES
2 SUBSTITUTION cos 2𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = − cot 𝑢 + 𝐶 1 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2 𝜃 = 1
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = cos 2𝑥 = 1 − 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥
∫ sec 𝑢 tan 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = sec 𝑢 + 𝐶 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑡 2 𝜃 = 𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝜃
𝑦 = 𝑛√𝑥 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 𝑛 = 𝑥 1 cos 2𝑥 = 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 − 1
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝜃 + 1 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝜃
∫ csc 𝑢 cot 𝑢 𝑑𝑢 = − csc 𝑢 + 𝐶
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 2 tan 𝑥
tan 2𝑥 =
𝑛
𝑦 = √𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥

INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC 𝑜𝑟
𝑛
SUM AND DIFFERENCE OF
FUNCTIONS 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 HALF – ANGLE FORMULAS
QUOTIENT IDENTITIES TWO ANGLES
1
𝑑𝑢 𝑢 𝑞
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 sin(𝑥 ± 𝑦) = sin 𝑥 cos 𝑦 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 = (1 − cos 2𝑥)
∫ = 𝐴𝑟𝑠𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛 + 𝐶
𝑦 = √𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 𝑛 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 2
√𝑎2 − 𝑢2 𝑎 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 ± cos 𝑥 sin 𝑦 1
𝑜𝑟 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 cos(𝑥 ± 𝑦) = cos 𝑥 cos 𝑦 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 = (1 + cos 2𝑥)
∫
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑢
= 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛 + 𝐶
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 2
𝑎2 + 𝑢 2 𝑎 𝑎 𝑦 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑥 𝑛
𝑞 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 ∓ sin 𝑥 sin 𝑦 1 − cos 2𝑥
tan 𝑥 ± tan 𝑦 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 =
𝑑𝑢 1 𝑢 tan(𝑥 ± 𝑦) = 1 + cos 2𝑥
∫ = 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑐 + 𝐶 1 ∓ tan 𝑥 tan 𝑦
𝑢√𝑢2 − 𝑎2 𝑎 𝑎