10/10/2022

TE3031E: RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES

AND MANAGEMENT

Assoc.Prof.Dr. Pham Huu Tuyen Prof.Dr. Le Anh Tuan

School of Mechanical Engineering School of Mechanical Engineering
Google Scholar
Scopus Author ID: 57204435768, 57218719381
ORCID number: 0000-0003-4609-0382

COURSE DESCRIPTION

• Provides the knowledge on the conversion principles and technology

behind various renewable energy sources such as bioenergy, solar,
wind and others in which this subject focuses more on bioenergy.

• By the end of the course students will understand the application of

bioenergy as fuel on vehicles and the fundamental functions of
renewable energy systems in practice as well as the renewable energy
growth management.

1
 10/10/2022

COURSE MATERIALS

• Textbook: None
• Lecture Notes: Distributed at lectures
• Reference books:
– Alain A. Vertès, Nasib Qureshi, Hans P. Blaschek, Hideaki Yukawa. Biomass to Biofuels: Strategies
for Global Industries, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010.
– N. El Bassam. Handbook of Bioenergy Crops: A Complete Reference to Species, Development and
Applications, Publishedby Earthscan, 2010.
– Rutz, D.-I.D., Janssen, R.,. Biofuel Technology Handbook. WIP Renewable Energies, München,
Germany, 2007.
– Peter McKendry. Energy production from biomass (part 2): conversion technologies, Bioresource
Technology Vol 83, pp. 47–54, 2002.
– Le Anh Tuan, Pham Huu Tuyen, Van Dinh Son Tho. Alternative fuels for Internal Combustion
Engines, HUST Publishing House, 2017.
– Martin Kaltschmitt, Wolfgang Streicher, Andreas Wiese. Renewable Energy: Technology, Economics
and Environment, Springer, 2007.
– Muyiwa Adaramola. Wind turbine technology: Principles and Design, CRC Press, 2014.
– M.A.Laughton. Renewable Energy Sources, Watt Committee Report Number 22, Elservier Science
Publishers Ltd, 3003.
– EREC, Renewable Energy in Europe: Markets, Trends and Technologies, Earthscan Ltd, 2010.

Chapter 1. Renewable energy overview

• 1.1. Definition
– Renewable energy
• uses energy sources that are continually replenished by nature—the sun, the wind,
water, the Earth’s heat, and plants
• technologies turn these materials into usable forms of energy—most often
electricity, but also heat, chemicals, or mechanical power
– Why Use Renewable Energy?
• Fossil fuel is a limited supply on the Earth
• Renewable energy is naturally renewed
• Energy independence and security

2
 10/10/2022

Chapter 1. Renewable energy overview

• 1.1. Definition
– Why Use Renewable Energy?
• The combustion of fossil fuels releases CO2 into the atmosphere which is a key
contributor to global warming, and also releases other pollutants that take a
dramatic toll on the environment (acid rain, smog) and on humans
• Using renewable energy produces less pollutants; it is clean, green and better for
the environment
– Non-renewable energy: the conventional fossil fuels such as coal, oil and gas,
which are likely to deplete with time
– Alternative Energy: refers to energy sources, which create less environmental
damage and pollution than fossil fuels, and offer an alternative to non
renewable resources

Chapter 1. Renewable energy overview

• 1.1. Definition
– Sustainable Energy: a term that is used to cover both renewable energy and
the rational use of energy (RUE). The rational use of energy is the efficient and
effective use of energy independent of where the energy comes from
– Commercial Energy: The energy sources that are available in the market for a
definite price. By far the most important forms of commercial energy are
electricity, coal and refined petroleum products.
– Non-commercial energy: The energy sources that are not available in the
commercial market for a price: firewood, cattle dung and agricultural waste

3
 10/10/2022

Chapter 1. Renewable energy overview

• 1.2. Sources of renewable energy

✓ Bioenergy
✓ Solar energy
✓ Wind
✓ Hydropower
✓ Ocean energy (Wave, tidal)
✓ Geothermal
(https://www.irena.org/ocean)

(https://www.vector.co.nz/personal/help-safety/school-
programme/being-sustainable-with-energy/sources-of-
renewable-energy)

Chapter 1. Renewable energy overview

• 1.3. Energy supply and use

1. World includes international
World total primary energy supply (TPES) by source aviation and international
marine bunkers.

(IEA, 2019. Key world

energy statistics)

The tonne of oil equivalent (toe) is a unit of energy defined as the amount of energy released
by burning one tonne of crude oil. It is approximately 42 GJ or 11.630 MWh.

(https://www.watt-watchers.com/activity/energy-resources-primary-vs-secondary/)
8

4
 10/10/2022

1.3 Energy supply and use

1973 and 2017 regional shares of TPES

2. In these graphs, peat and oil shale are aggregated with coal.
3. Includes geothermal, solar, wind, tide/wave/ocean, heat and
other sources.

(IEA, 2019. Key world energy statistics)

Total primary energy supply of renewables (in EJ = 1018J)

(World Bioenergy Association. Global bioenergy statistics 2019) 9

1.3 Energy supply and use

Total primary energy supply of renewables in continents in

2017 (in EJ)

(World Bioenergy Association. Global bioenergy statistics 2019) 10

5
 10/10/2022

1.3 Energy supply and use

Gross final energy consumption globally

Gross final energy consumption in 2017

(World Bioenergy Association. Global bioenergy statistics 2019) 11

1.3 Energy supply and use

Electricity generation from renewables (in TWh = 1012Wh)

Electricity production from

renewables in 2017

(World Bioenergy Association. Global bioenergy statistics 2019) 12

6
 10/10/2022

1.4 Advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy

• Advantages
– It is sustainable, available, never run out; it can provide nations with energy
independence.
– Renewable energy facilities generally require less maintenance than traditional
generators.
– Renewable energy technologies are clean sources of energy that have a much
lower environmental impact than conventional energy technologies.
– Produces little or no waste products such as carbon dioxide or other chemical
pollutants.
– It is an economic force, responsible for jobs.
– Cost effective (in long term).

13

1.4 Advantages and disadvantages of renewable energy

• Disadvantages
– Renewable energy often relies on the weather and geographical location for its
source of power.
– Difficult to generate the quantities of electricity that are as large as those
produced by traditional fossil fuel generators.
– It can often be manipulated by politics.
– It is not as cost-effective as other energy options (in short term); it has
expensive storage costs and large capital costs.

14

7
 10/10/2022

1.5 Social, economic, and environmental impacts of renewable energy resources

• Social impacts
• Economics
• Environmental impacts
• Sociopolitical impacts
• Impacts on grid
• Socioeconomic impacts

15

1.5 Social, economic, and environmental impacts of renewable energy resources

• Social impacts
Social impacts assessment for different renewable energy sources
– Social benefits: local
employment, better
health, job opportunities,
and consumer choice.
– Total emission reduction
is increasing in different
years after the installation
of renewable energy
projects in remote areas

Economics: renewable energy projects provide benefits because they utilize local
labor from rural areas, local material and business, local shareholders, and
services of local bank. 16

8
 10/10/2022

1.5 Social, economic, and environmental impacts of renewable energy resources

• Economics
– Renewable energy projects provide benefits because they utilize local labor
from rural areas, local material and business, local shareholders, and services of
local bank.

17

1.5 Social, economic, and environmental impacts of renewable energy resources

• Environmental impacts
– Renewable energy projects have contributed in improving environmental
impacts such as reduction of carbon dioxide gas, awakening community about
the climate change Summary of environmental effects

Carbon dioxide equivalent emission during power

generation

18