3rd Quarter
 

Periods of Indian Art

Ancien
Anci entt Per
erio
iod d (39
3900
00 BC
BCE-E-12
1200
00 CE
CE))
Some evidences of the early civilization
are
ar e br
bron
onze
ze an
and d co
copp
pper
er st
stat
atue
uett
ttes
es an
and
d
ste
steat
atit
ite
e se
seal
alss, wh
whic
ich
h shsho
ow vivigo
gorr an
and
d
concern for surface texture as constantly
characterized in Indian art.
The Ajanta Caves of Maharashtra, India
are
are 30 rorock
ck-c
-cut
ut ca
caveve mo
monunume
ment
ntss th
that
at
date back from the 2nd century BCE to
the 600 CE, in inc
clu
lud
ding paintings and
sculptures considered to be masterpieces
of Bu
Budd
ddhi
hist
st re
reli
ligi
giou
ouss ar
artt , as wel
elll as
frescos that ar aree reminiscecennt of the
Sigiriya paintings in Sri Lanka.
 

Classical Period ( 5th to 6th centuries)

The image of Shiva (as illustrated in the

pictur
picture),
e), the des
destro
troyer
yer,, dev
develo
elops
ps int
into
o
Shiva the Cosmic-dancer represented by
a fo
four
ur-a
-arm
rmed
ed fi
figu
gure
re,, wh
wher
ere
e on
one
e ha
hand
nd
holds the fire with which he destroys,
another holds a drum, which is the first
sound heard in the world during
creation, then the third arm points up
in a re
reas
assu
suri
ring
ng ge
gest
stur
ure,
e, an
and
d a fofour
urth
th
arm points down to the dwarf in which

he dances to.
 

Ascendancy (1192-
Islamic Ascendancy (1192 -
1757) or Transitional
Transitional Period

This was the period of

evolution from Vedism into
Hinduism or Brahmanism. The
two great Indian epics: the
Mahabharata and the

Ramayana
period. emerged in this
 

Mogul period ( 16th Century)

Moguls contributed to the

enrichment of Indian culture, in
painting and in architecture.
The most splendid example is
the Taj Majal built in 1632 by
Shah Jahan in memory of his

wife.
 

   Diwali  is
celebrated by Hindus in India
celebrated
and all around the world in October or
Nove
Novemb
mber
er.. It is th
the
e Hi
Hind
ndu
u New Yeaearr
and is either a 3-day or 5-day holiday
depending on where you come from.
   It is a very exciting and colorful
holiday, where homes are cleaned to
welc
we lcom
omee th
the
e NeNew
w Yea
earr an
and
d wi
wind
ndow
owss
are opened so that the Hindu goddess
of wealth, Lakshmi, can enter. Hindus
believed that she cannot enter a house
which is not lit up, so every household
burns special Diwali
special  Diwali clay
 clay lamps (diyas
(diyas))
to light the way for the goddess, which
is why the holiday is also known as the
'Fes
'Festi
tiva
vall of Li
Ligh
ghts
ts''
 

Rangoli
Rangoli is one of the most beautiful
and most pleasin ing
g art forms of 
India. It is comprised of two words:
'rang‘   meanin
meaning g 'co
'color
lor'' and 'aav
'aavalli
alli''
meaning 'colored creepers' or 'row
of colors'. Rangoli, the art of 
making designs or patterns on the
wall
wa llss or ththe
e fl
flo
oor of th the
e ho
hous
use,
e,
uses
us es fi fine
nely
ly gr
grou
ound
nd wh
whitite
e po
powde
wderr
along with different colors.
Numerous households in the Indian
subcontinent make use of Rangoli
designs for decorating th e
courtyard of their house.
 

 The traditional form of Rangoli made use of designs and

motifs based on nature, such as mangoes, creepers,
flowers, swans, peacocks, etc. Even the colors in the
traditional art form were extracted from natural dyes,
like barks of trees, leaves, indigo plant, etc. These
days, synthetic dyes have more or less replaced the
natural dyes of the earlier times.

 The materials used in the Rangoli patterns of today

gi
give
Rave
ngoei
eith
lither
er
desaignve
very
s ryinfl
flat
clat
udeap
appe
pear
gearan
omance
ece
tricor paatt3-
3-D
eDrnssef
rn effe
, fect
tct.
he.
swastika, lotus, trident, fish, conch, creepers, leaves,
trees, flowers, animals, etc.
 

PAKISTAN

Pakistani architecture is divided

into four recognized periods:

Pre-Islamic
Islamic
Colonial
Post-Colonial
 

Ar
Aro
ound th
the
e mi
midd
ddlle of th
the
e
3rd millennium BCE, an
advanced urban culture
developed for the first time
in the region, with large
buildi
buil din
ngs, som
omee of whwhic
ich
h
still survive to this day like
Mohenjo Daro, Harapp ppa,
a,
and Kot Diji which are
among the pre-Islamic
sett
settle
leme
ment
ntss th
that
at ar
are
e nonow
w
tourist attractions.