RICKETS (JUVENILE)

1. Vit D (antirachitic vitamin) deficiency

2. DEF- any disorder in Vit- D- Ca-P axis which leads to hypo mineralized bone
matrix.
3. Bone- epiphysis, metaphysis, shaft affected
4. ORALLY-
a. Developmental anomalies of dentin and enamel
i. Abnormally wide predentin zone
ii. Large amt of interglobular dentin.
b. Delayed eruption
c. Malaligned teeth
d. Higher caries index
 

OSTEOMALACIA (ADULT
RICKETS)
5. Only flat bones and diaphysis of long bones affected
6. Postmenopausal females
7. Soft skeleton, fractures, pelvic deformities
8. ORALLY
a. Severe periodontitis
9. R/F
a. Severe asymmetric deformities of all stres bearing bones- pelvis
b. Longitudinal hairline fractures
10. H/F
a. Non speficic
b. Bone remodelling
c. Inadequeate calcified matrix
d. Thin cortical bone
e. Osteoid borders on trabeculae
 

DIABETES MELLITUS
11. Ctz by hyperglycemia d/t tissue resistance against insulin action or reduced
insulin secretion or both.
12. ORALLY-
a. GINGIVAL AND PERIODONTAL DISEASE
i. Bleeding on probing- hemorrhagic gingival papillae
 ii. Periodontal abscess- may be painful
iii. Tooth mobility
iv. Severe and rapid bone resorption
v. Child pt ->> more destruction around 1st molar and incisors.
b. INFECTIONS
i. ORAL CANDIDIASIS - impaired immunity
ii. INC CARIES
iii. ORAL LICHEN PLANUS
c. TONGUE
i. MEDIAN RHOMBOID GLOSSITIS -
ii. ALTERED TASTE
d. BURNING MOUTH
e. DELAYED WOUND HEALING
f. LOCALIZED OSTEITIS - dry socket d/t delayed healing of wounds
g. XEROSTOMIA
h. ANGULAR CHEILITIS
i. PAROTID GLAND ENLARGED.
 
 
 

Oral manifestations of
endocrine disorders
13. PITUITARY GLAND DISORDERS
a. Hyperpituitarism
i. Gigantism and acromegaly
ii. Arthritis
iii. Chest- barrel shaped
iv. Rough facial features
v. Odd sensations in hands and feet , spade shaped.
vi. Muscle weakness and fatigue
vii. Enlarged organs
viii. Growth of coarse hair
ix. Amenorrhea
x. Loss of vision, headaches
xi. Impotence, inc sweating
xii. Snoring
xiii. Others- enlarged nose and jaw, prominent supraorbital ridge,
teeth separated or lacking
xiv. Glucosuria
xv. ORAL -
 i. Large teeth,
ii. Interdental spacing
iii. Malocculsion
iv. Hypercementosis of roots
v. Apart from these-
vi. Acromegaly
1. 'Enlarged tongue
2. Prognathic mandible (LANTERN JAW)
3. Protruded teeth
4. Salivary glands enlarged
5. Ant open bite
b. Hypopituitarism
i. Dwarfism
ii. Fatigue, lethargy, les sconc, wt loss or gain
iii. Dizziness
iv. Amennorea
v. Reduced appetite
vi. Sexual dysfucntion
vii. ORAL -
i. delayed eruption
ii. Delayed shedding
iii. Smaller crowns
iv. Smaller roots
v. Smaller dental arches
vi. Retarded mandibular growth
vii. Fine wrinkles around eyes or mouth.
14. Adrenal glands
a. Increased cortisols- Cushing syndrome
i. General- , abdomen protruded, osteoporosis, buffalo hump,
muscle weakness, skin ulcers
ii. ORAL- moon face, jaw fractures
b. Decr- addison's disease
i. Bronze pigmented skin, hypoglycemia, GI disorders, wt loss,
weakness.
ii. ORAL- patchy skin pigmentation of mucosa (melanotic macules)
iii. Inc ACTH hormone
15. THYROID DISORDERS
a. Hypothyroidism
i. Sal gland enlarged
ii. Macroglossia
iii. Glossitis
iv. Dysgeusia
v. Delayed eruption
vi. Enamel hypoplasia
 vii. Ant open bite
viii. Micrognathia
ix. Thick lips
x. Mouth breathing
b. Hyperthyroidism
i. Inc caries risk and periodontal infections
ii. Burning mouth syn
iii. Accelrated eruption
16. PARATHYROID
a. HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
i. Stones groans (abdominal pain) moans
ii. Oral- ground glass app, brown tumors, pathologic fractures.
iii. PULP STONES,
iv. ERUPTION ALTERED
v. MALOCCLUSION
vi. SPACING
vii. PDL WIDE
viii. FLOATING TEETH
b. HYPOPARATHYROIDISM
i. Tetany -
i. Chvostek sign- twitching of facial muscles on tapping over
facial nerve
ii. Trousseau's sign - carpopedal spasm on inflatiing cuff over
SBP
ii. Enamel hypoplasia
iii. Dekayed eruption
iv. Hypo and microdontia
v. Short roots, blunt apex
vi. Malocclusion '
vii. TMJ ankylosis
viii. Caries
ix. Chronic candidiasos
x. Lip, tongue paresthesia