Experiment No.

__1__
Title: Newton’s Second Law of Motion
PHYS101L / B8 Group No. 4
DATE: 24/11/22

NAME CONTRIBUTION TO THE EXPERIMENT

Guitierrez, Jozef Marie Analysis Table 1A and 1B,
Conclusion
Jacinto, Jordan Computation, Solution
Laquindanum, Ryan Computation
Ledesma, Clyde Conclusion
Lirio, Edwin Jr. Compilation of papers, Graphing
Loreto, Reccelmher Computation, Solution

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 NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF MOTION
Guiterrez, Jozef Marie | Jacinto, Jordan | Laquindanum, Ryan |
Name (Surname, Given Name, M.I.) Program/Year
Ledesma, Clyde | Lirio, Edwin Jr. | Loreto, Reccelmher |
Student number Date Completed

VIRTUAL LABORATORY WORKSHEET

OBJECTIVES MATERIAL NEEDED
● The Physics Aviary: Newton's Law Lab with Photogates:
● To examine the factors affecting
https://tinyurl.com/y48a3bnl
the acceleration of a system by
● Microsoft Excel
measuring acceleration with two
photogates.

Part I. Newton's Law Lab with Photogates (Varying hover puck mass)

Length of card (m) 0.174m Hanging Mass, m2 (kg) 0.20

Hover Experimental Accepted
Average Average
puck Midtime 1 Midtime 2 Value of Value of
velocity 1 velocity 2 % Error
mass, m1 (s) (s) Acceleration Acceleration
(m/s) (m/s)
(kg) (m/s2) (m/s2)
0.10 1.332 1.4863 1.9772 2.9096 6.0427 6.5333 7.50

0.20 0.8552 1.0395 1.6730 2.6934 5.5366 4.9 12.99

0.30 1.3623 1.5664 1.4974 2.2894 3.8804 3.92 0.91

0.40 1.5165 1.7425 1.3530 2.0763 3.2004 3.2666 4.05

0.50 1.3642 1.601 1.2794 1.9863 2.9852 2.8 6.61

Figure of last trial Graph

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Part II. Newton's Law Lab with Photogates (Varying hanging mass)

Length of card (m) 0.174 Hover puck mass, m1 (kg) 0.20

Experimental Accepted
Hanging Average Average
Midtime 1 Midtime 2 Value of Value of
Mass, m2 velocity 1 velocity 2 % Error
(s) (s) Acceleration Acceleration
(kg) (m/s) (m/s)
(m/s2) (m/s2)
0.10 1.4523 1.6782 1.3615 2.0714 3.1425 3.2666 3.79

0.20 1.3121 1.4981 1.7058 2.5513 4.5456 4.9 7.23

0.30 1.5462 1.7141 1.7575 2.8903 6.7468 5.88 14.74

0.40 1.1464 1.3063 1.8995 2.8903 6.1963 6.533 5.15

0.50 0.9453 1.0953 2.0665 3.1182 7.0113 7 0.16

Figure of last trial Graph

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CamScanner
CamScanner
Graphs and Diagrams

Figure 1. Graph for Table 1A

Figure 2. Graph for Table 1B

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Analysis and Interpretation of Results

ANALYSIS OF TABLE 1A.

Based on the data written and collected from the experiment, each table produced different
results since the controlled variable for each table was different. For Table 1A, the controlled variable
was the hanging mass compared to Table 1B which had the hover puck mass as the controlled variable.

For Table 1A, analyzing the data table and the graph, a pattern can be deduced whenever the
hover puck mass increases or decreases. Comparing the first and second trials using 0.10 kg. and 0.20
kg. of puck mass respectively, it can be seen that the rate of acceleration decreased when a mass of
0.10 kg. was added. To strengthen this, the graph shows a negative slope between the point of 0.1 kg.
and 0.2 kg., inferring a slower rate of acceleration in the second trial. This trend continues for the rest
of the trials, showing that the addition of incremental masses (in this case, 0.1 kg.) causes a decrease
in acceleration. In addition to this, each point in the graph exhibits different slopes with each other that
get less steep than its preceding trial, indicating that the decrease in acceleration is exponential,
compared to the addition to the puck mass which was constant. This goes to show that the acceleration
of the puck is inversely proportional to the mass of the hover puck itself since the increase of the puck
mass consequently causes the decrease of the acceleration of the system.

ANALYSIS OF TABLE 1B.

As mentioned earlier, the controlled variable varied with each segment of the experiment. For
the second part, the researchers have set the hover puck mass as the controlled variable, compared
to the first part which had the hanging mass as constant.

For Table 1B, analyzing the data table and the graph once again showed a pattern whenever
the hanging mass was increased or decreased. Comparing the first and second trials using 0.10 kg.
and 0.20 kg. of hanging mass respectively, it is visible that the rate of acceleration increased when a
mass of 0.10 kg. was placed upon the pulley. Compared to the first segment of the experiment where
the hanging mass was constant, the slope of the points of 0.1 kg. and 0.2 kg. The graph exhibits a
positive slope which meant a higher rate of acceleration in the second trial after the hanging mass was
increased. This trend seemingly continues for the rest of the trials, showing that incremental addition
of masses (in this case, 0.1 kg.) towards the hanging mass causes an increase in acceleration. In
contrast to the first segment of the experiment, each point in the second graph still shows varied slopes
between points but is now positive in this particular case (although the point between 0.3 kg. and 0.4

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kg. showed a negative slope, it can be negligible since the error of Point 3 was 14.74% and its
theoretical acceleration was supposedly lower than Point 4 and still higher than Point 2). Each
observation contributed to the statement that the acceleration of the puck is directly proportional to the
mass of the hanging weight itself. The data table and graph prove that the increase of the hanging
mass consequently causes the increase in the acceleration of the system.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this experiment remarkably displayed the concepts of Isaac Newton’s Second
Law of Motion. Figure 1 exhibits the decrease of acceleration when the mass of the object in the system
increases. Consecutively, Figure 2 manifests the increase of acceleration when the force applied to a
point of interest also increases. These results supported and proved Newton’s Second Law of Motion
by showing that a body’s acceleration is directly proportional to the net force acting on the system while
inversely proportional to its mass.

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