Ivanova Olga IURR MO-21

Wales, Ireland and Scotland also have their own history, as well as England. For example, Wales was a
mountainous, rocky country inhabited by Welsh people who called themselves Cymry. The country was
very poor due to lack of resources and people's behavior. As in all of Celtic Britain, slavery was common
here. The population was divided into family groups, each of which had a strong leader - the king. When
the kings toured their possessions, people hid in the woods because they were afraid of ruin. There was
a constant struggle for power between the kings, so life was dangerous and bloody. The first and only
ruler of Wales was King Gruffydd, but when he was killed, the Welsh were forced to submit to the king
of England. And so their independence ended.
Ireland was known as the land of monasteries, which was not invaded by either the Romans or the
Anglo-Saxons. As in Wales, the population was divided into family groups with their rulers. Soon five
kingdoms were formed in Ireland and Christianity came there. It was brought by the English slave
Patrick, who later became the patron saint of Ireland. It can be said that from this moment the history of
Ireland began, as events began to be written down and culture flourished. Soon the Viking raiders
invaded the territory of Ireland and looted all the monasteries, but at the same time forced the Irish to
unite. They also founded the capital of Ireland, Dublin. The Irish have chosen their first high king. The
Vikings continued to attack, so the Irish turned to the Normans of England for help, who just wanted to
expand their kingdom.
Due to its geographical location, Scotland is divided into two parts. The eastern and southern parts were
more fertile and favorable for life and succumbed more quickly to English influence. Scotland was also
inhabited by four groups of people: the Piets, the Scots, the Britons and the Angles. The common Celtic
culture, language, origin and economic relations united the Scots. As in Ireland, Christianity also
contributed to the unification of people. Local residents were actively engaged in agriculture and raised
cattle. Vikings also raided Scotland, but England was still a great danger. Scotland wanted to avoid war
by all means and decided to submit. Scotland was a difficult country to govern, not only from London,
but also from Edinburgh, so it was easier for the leader to abandon the rule of the king.