Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Case Study
Case Study
In partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN SECONDARY EDUCATION
Major in English
By
January 2023
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researchers would like to acknowledge with their profound and appreciation for the
abetment of the following that have contributed to the completion of this study.
First and foremost, to Almighty God, for showering us with blessings throughout this research
project and for providing and granting us the ability to complete this study successfully.
To the parents, for being accommodating and financially supportive in the research endeavor
To the preservice teachers, who were the participants of this study, for willingly cooperating
with us.
ROSELYN LABADAN
JEASELLE CORMINAL
POCHOLO IGLESIA
The Researchers
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Acknowledgement ii
CHAPTER
I INTRODUCTION
III METHODOLOGY
Research Method 7
Research Participants 7
Research Tool 7
Research Locale 8
Bibliography
Appendices
Appendix D - Documentation
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Education plays a significant role in the society; to prepare the aspiring teachers they need to
undergo a massive training to become an expert in their chosen field. Teachers' education and abilities
are necessary for effective teaching thus, it has an impact in the students' outcomes and performance.
To assure the quality of students' outcomes, we need well-qualified and well-trained teachers, and we
must examine the techniques and means of teachers' preparation training. Recent worldwide demands
in teacher education include increasing the amount and quality of pre-service teacher field experiences
Moreover, it’s been a quest for educational philosophers to identify ways on how to educate
students effectively which ended up with the thought of immersing them in their own learning process
that latter been introduced as Experiential Learning. Students learn best by doing and through
experience. It has been proven that experiential learning is one way to develop a child ‘s innate ability
by triggering their curiosity and letting them handle things themselves (Meneses et al., 2017).
Despite the many educational reforms undertaken in recent years, such as resolving the
upgrading teacher salaries, and enhancing the basic education curriculum. Although there is a myriad
of factors that contribute to poor learner outcomes, there is a consensus in literature regarding the
central role played by the teacher in these dynamics (Generalao et al., 2022).
Furthermore, training assists teachers in minimizing the negative effects of "hit and miss" and
saving energy and time by establishing an optimal learning environment. According to Zeichner
(2010), teacher education programs are expanding the amount of time pre-service teachers spend in
classrooms, despite increased focus on field experience quality, "considerable dispute exists
concerning the circumstances for teacher learning that must exist for this learning in and from practice
Pre-service teachers will become the future teachers which tasks is to hone, mold, and
inculcate the minds, hearts and talents of the students for greater use. This study aims to identify the
challenges experienced by the preservice teachers of Saint Michael of Caraga as they had their
The study would benefit upcoming preservice teachers, the administration of Saint Michael
College of Caraga, and future researchers. With the results of this study, upcoming preservice teachers
would have a hint of the actual experiences of a preservice teacher during their immersion to prepare
physically, mentally and emotionally. School administration can use the results of this study to make
some improvements and/or changes in their deployment process and future researchers would have
some guides and references in their research writing regarding the experiences of preservice teachers.
This study identifies the challenges experienced by the preservice teachers of Saint Michael
1. What are the specific challenges faced by pre-service teachers during their internship?
2. What are the perception of Pre-service teachers in the challenges they face in teaching environment?
3. Do the challenges they have encountered affect their decision of pursuing teaching as their
profession?
Scope and Limitation
The study focuses on the difficulties encountered by the preservice teachers during their
internship. The participants on this study were the preservice teachers in Saint Michael College of
Caraga, located at Brgy. 4, Nasipit, Agusan del Norte for the school year 2022-2023.
CHAPTER II
Following the researchers' findings, this chapter summarizes the linked literature and studies.
The researchers did an in-depth search through books and internet sources to realize the research
thoroughly and comprehend the studies and theories to be applied in the study.
fieldwork, the student teacher builds a working relationship with the collaborative teacher to plan
lessons, prepare projects, assess student knowledge, learn about learning styles, diverse teaching
methods and effective classroom management, and develop their pedagogical skills and knowledge in
a classroom setting. Therefore, they are aware of the issues and problems associated with teaching
practice, undertaking a process of becoming professionals, mastering skills useful to the profession of
teaching and learning specific types of behavior through good teachers (Abas, 2016).
In addition, while such field observation is certainly a useful part of initial training, there are
some limits that forces the influence of its implementation on the quality and impact of the field
experience. In fact, to investigate the challenges that pre-service teachers face during field observations
at the new school year may shed some light on their first professional moves. Some of these challenges
presented in the form of difficulty include stress, different experiences, opinions, beliefs and
conceptions about teaching and learning, basic understanding of the culture and context of teaching
and learning in schools, student interaction, awareness of teaching skills and techniques, reflective
thinking in the first pre-service curriculum phases, and practical instructional resources.
providers rely on school placements to teach about people with learning disabilities and disabilities
(Norwich et al., 2011). This clearly indicates that future teachers are not educated or trained in inclusive
education, and when they start teaching internships, they face challenges in dealing with students with
learning disabilities. In a study entitled “Fostering cross cultural competence in pre-service teachers
through multicultural education experiences” by Keengwe (2010), it shows that the problem of
Moore (2012), found that student teachers face challenges in teaching science in diverse
classrooms. This is because their school did not offer courses or other opportunities that reflected
their identities and privileges before teaching children from different backgrounds. He also suggests
that when learning about diversity in the classroom, future teachers will need to uncover, confront,
challenge, and change cultural models that hinder the development of equitable classrooms.
Moreover, Ostnelli (2013), found out that most student-teachers’ choices to become
professional teachers were based on second or third choice rather than genuine motivation. This is
consistent with the findings of Roness (2011), who found that some trainee teachers lost focus during
study and dropped out of the teaching program due to lack of motivation. He further explains that it
remains difficult for student teachers to understand and bridge the gap between theory and practice
during teaching.
In the South African context, research by Dos Reis (2012), shows that pre-service teachers
have difficulties with their mentors during their teaching practice. For example, conflicting role
expectations, forced imitation of a mentor, being taken advantage of by a mentor, language barrier,
changing curriculum and education systems are some of the challenges faced by student teachers in
initial training. Heeralal (2014), agrees with Dos Reis and identifies several factors such as lack of
classroom management skills, time management, diversity management, lesson preparation and lesson
presentation as some of the challenges faced by pre-service teachers in South Africa. On the other
hand, Holtman (2010), argues that a major challenge that pre-service teachers face in the post-
apartheid South African education system is that they have to get used to the new curriculum content
that may not be show during and after their training. Therefore, this study indicates that there is a
literature regarding the challenges faced by pre-service teachers in PGCE curricula in South Africa
service Teachers: Basis of a Pre-service Training Program” from one of the state colleges in the
Philippines, pre-service teachers were observed having difficulty with lesson planning, classroom
management, and the use of technology in their demonstration teaching. The student teachers
explained that they found it difficult in making lesson plans because they lacked the knowledge to do
so as well as their reluctance in times when teachers discussed it. Some also claimed that their
cooperating teachers required them to prepare a daily lesson log when preparing lessons, but their
teacher did not discuss this daily lesson log or they were absent during this time. Moreover, they feel
devalued in terms of classroom management. As a result, their students behave well when the teacher
is in class, but when the teacher is away, their students behave so badly that they don’t know what to
do. In addition, the pre-service teachers also mentioned in the interview that some of them have
difficulty integrating technology into their demonstration teaching, but they are grateful for some of
their colleagues, including their cooperating teachers, helped them use technology.
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research method, research participants, research tools, research
locale, gathering data procedure, and analyzing data tools used in the study.
Research Method
The researchers employed qualitative case study to identify the challenges faced by the
preservice teachers during their internship. The qualitative case study is a research method which
Research Participants
The participants in this study are the preservice teachers in Saint Michael College of Caraga
S.Y. 2022-2023. They are belonged to four different programs – Bachelor of Secondary Education
are a total of 21 participants in this study who voluntarily answered the questions prepared by the
researchers.
Research Tools
questions – challenges during their internship, their perception of the challenges in the teaching
environment, and challenges they have encountered that influence their decision to become a
teacher.
Research Locale
The study was conducted at Saint Michael College of Caraga (SMCC), a private Catholic school
located in Barangay. 4, Poblacion, Nasipit, Agusan del Norte. The school started its operation on July
1, 1948, with Fr. Francisco Van Dyke, as the first director. Its name was the former Saint Michael
Institute (SMI) but was changed as Mrs. Vanica del Rosario suggested during the First General
Assembly in June 2001. From its humble start, the school became ISO certified and now offers a
variety of courses and continues to empower and nurture the students. In December 2017, the FM
station of the school was heard over the airwaves. The official name of the school's radio station is
DXSM 89.5 Kabayaning Michaelian FM. The school started the construction of the 4-storey SMCC
Annex Building at the former Elementary Department Area. At present, SMCC is pursuing its
The researchers observed the following steps needed in gathering the data:
Letter of Approval - submitted to the dean of CTE and Supervising Instructor to formally be given
Letter of Consent - was given to the participants informing that their responses are confidential and
Online interview - researchers distributed the questionnaire online via Google Form to the
participants individually. The learner's responses were saved, and the researchers carefully analyzed,
The researchers conduct in-depth, online interviews with participant to gain insights from
the participants to best understand their experience. The researcher analyzed the responses of the
This chapter contains a detailed presentation and discussion of the data collected in
this study. The data pertains to the responses of the participants on the specific challenges they
have faced during their internship, their perception in the challenges they have faced in the
teaching environment, and if the following challenges they have encountered affect their decision
What are the specific challenges faced by preservice teachers during their internship?
Based on the responses of the participants, the challenges faced by the preservice
Inside the classroom is a diverse set of learners having different ethnicity, culture,
upbringing, and learning styles. Majority of the preservice teachers find handling these
set of learners as a big challenge. One of the preservice teachers said “A teacher's profession
is not easy; you have to handle the diversity of learners inside the classroom and their attitudes; you have to
know their personalities and their learning styles.” As teachers, they have to deal with the diverse
behavior of the students and adjust to it successfully gain student’s attention and manage
to acquire knowledge, skills, and understanding about how to effectively manage all
students in the modern-day inclusive classroom, including those displaying challenging
Hectic Schedule
As the preservice teachers had their internship, they also have other classes they
needed to attend to. “Since we had 4 major subjects goes along with the internship, I find it difficult
to manage my time because there are lots of works to do aside from internship. There are lots of
practicum and tasks that needs to be fulfilled aside from observing the class or do demo teaching.”
Because of their hectic schedule, their attention is divided thus making it hard for them
For preservice teachers, having enough time to do the in-class practice teaching
before taking the actual classroom teaching would help them build their confidence to
become more effective teachers. They stated that during their pre-practicum program,
they did not have enough time for practice teaching exposure as they were also in rush to
finish other course requirements. Pre-service teachers should be given more opportunities
Thus, giving an ample time for the student-teachers to do practice teaching should be
“The availability of projectors in the library was one of the difficulties I encountered
during my internship. Given the fact that technology has the ability to cater to students' interests, we were
supposed to integrate innovative and interesting materials with the use of technology as pre-service
teachers. During the demonstration, your preparation will turn into nothing if you can't project the
materials you've prepared.” During internship, preservice teachers are expected to have
their demo teaching as part of their training and teaching resources such as the
availability of projectors is one of their challenges. As they were expected to teach 21st
century learners, they need to master integrating technology in their discussion. Lack of
The development of technologies that can be used for education is rapid. Development
in technological and pedagogical areas provides (pre-service) teachers with several new
possibilities for different educational purposes. However, new technologies also pose
challenges for (pre-service) teachers, demanding new skills and knowledge to take
teachers should be exposed to the teaching resources they need (Valtonen et al., 2020).
“The most challenging part of my internship is making a lesson plan specifically the activities. You
need to make activities that will connect to your lesson and will capture your student's interest.” Making
a lesson plan is necessary skill a teacher should embody as lesson plan is vital in the teaching
and learning process. But some of the preservice teachers considered making a lesson plan
as a challenge.
Due to inexperience and that the lesson planning module is taught late, the task of
designing lesson plans constituted a real challenge in terms of content, procedure and form.
Content-wise, many trainees tended to include numerous activities, which created problems
of time management and at times exhibited a mis choice of materials that were either irrelevant,
lengthy, or difficult. Procedure-wise, the main problems were the erroneous succession of
steps and the absence of assessment measures. The number one problem, form-wise, had to
do with the unclear formulation of the lesson’s objectives. Mentors frequently criticized the
generic statement of objectives. Other issues concerned lesson plans that were either un-
al., 2017).
Lack of Confidence
immerse themselves in the realm of teaching and build confidence eventually. But it cannot
be denied that because it is their first time to teach and encounter diverse set of
` Unsurprisingly, it was found that trainees felt mostly stressed, nervous or anxious
and lacked self-confidence when they either first started the practicum or met their classes
for the first time. In fact, trainees seemed to harbor self-doubts about their competence
through the first teaching experience. As such, it is strongly suggested that pre-service
teachers are highly preoccupied with their self-concerns more than with teaching or
What is the perception of Pre-service teachers in the challenges they face in teaching
environment?
Before the preservice teachers enter the realm of teaching, they need to train
themselves first to equip themselves with the necessary skills they need to become an effective
educator. Along with this training are the challenges that they will encounter as part of their
preparation.
“This is normal in the field of teaching education and I must learn to deal with it.”, “After all
the challenges I've faced, I realized that we need to make it a motivation to strive and mold ourselves to be
worthy of becoming a teacher in the future.”, and “It will help me become aware on the things need to
handle appropriately in teaching.” These are some of the responses of the participants seeing
the challenges that they have encountered as a new learning for them. It motivated and
inspired them to improve as a person and as a future educator for the benefit of not just
An integral part of any teacher education program is the early field experience
component. For many pre-service teachers, this represents their first experience in observing
and participating in a classroom from the perspective of the teacher rather than that of the
student. This can be a difficult shift in identity. pre-service teachers often face a sense of
imbalance, where they desire to demonstrate their independence and competence as educators,
while still having to rely on veteran teachers’ assistance. Therefore, these early field experiences
must be meaningful and conducive to instilling confidence rather than simply fulfilling another
The majority of the participants do not let these challenges affect their decision
of pursuing teaching as their profession. Instead, they become motivated and eager to
become a teacher someday. “No. It keeps me more inspired and motivated for my improvement
as a pre-service teacher.” and “No, it must be my strength to continue my dream job of becoming a
teacher. I know teaching is not easy, but I really enjoyed it.” These are some of their responses
teachers address the challenges that they have faced as their room for improvement,
they know that through these challenges they will improve and become worthy to be
call a “teacher”.
There are varieties of profession across the country. But teaching is some way
differ from others. Each and every teacher has to learn plenty of things in their day-to-
day life for their effective teaching. The same was described by Dr. Rabindranath
Tagore, in his literature, “a lamp can never light another lamp unless it continues to
burn its own flame likewise, a teacher can never truly teach unless he / she is still
publications, theses and also attending workshop, seminar and conference to observe
and derive knowledge from the speech of subject experts. Besides reading various
things, knowledge can be derived from other sources by means of group discussion,
consulting some experts, self- thinking, self-analyze and self-realization etc. While
considering the above facts, teaching can be considered as “Noble Profession” and it
This chapter summarizes the results and discussion of the study conducted by the researchers.
Conclusion
Based on the results of the study. The pre-service teachers have experienced some challenges
during their internship at Saint Michael College of Caraga. Most of them encountered problems
handling the students appropriately, including their different behaviors and making a lesson plan
specifically for the activities. Regarding time management, one pre-service teacher stated that she finds
it difficult to manage her time because there is a lot of work to do besides the internship. Being able
to communicate clearly and consistently with their colleagues while working remotely was also
challenging for some pre-service teachers. In addition, lack of self-esteem, peer pressure, lack of
resources during the demo, and subject teacher’s standard for teaching were also the challenges that
Moreover, in terms of the perception of the pre-service teachers in the challenges, they have
faced in the teaching environment, one of them stated that it is normal in the field of teaching
education and we must learn to deal with it. One also added that these challenges will lead her to
become an efficient and effective teacher in the future. As well as some of the pre-service teachers
stated that these challenges will help them become more aware of the things that needed to handle
appropriately in teaching.
Furthermore, some of the pre-service teachers agreed that these challenges that they have
encountered do affect their decision of pursuing teaching as their profession. They stated that it always
frightens them whenever they have to make a move, especially when it involves the students and they
hate making mistakes in front of them. On the other hand, one pre-service teacher said that these
challenges affect her decision because it helps her to improve herself in teaching and dealing with
students. Therefore, pre-service teachers are aware of the issues and problems associated with teaching
practice, undertaking the process of becoming professionals, mastering skills useful to the profession
of teaching, and learning specific types of behavior through good teachers (Abas, 2016).
Recommendation
Pre-Service Teachers should reflect on aspects of their teaching, they must also be taught to
reflect on their own values and the ways in which this impacts their teaching practices and pedagogy.
This is essential for them to share and explain their behavioral expectations to students through
explicit discussion, guidance, and modeling. They should also cater to all different learning styles and
abilities, and be able to pick up why a child may not be engaging and/or learning.
Students learn a lot by observing their teachers' behavior and attitudes. Expect students to
demonstrate values that do not represent themselves (e.g., Fairness, kindness, and respect) and
encounter resistance and misbehavior in the classroom. Recognizing their own values enables teachers
to consciously demonstrate their desires Behave with students and explain clearly why certain
behaviors are more constructive than others. Given the problems caused by student attitudes and
behaviors, it was suggested that future teachers should receive training in blended learning,
performance-based activities, and new teaching strategies that will cater the needs of different students
Secondary Recommendation
activities, seminars, and training for pre-service teachers. The huge presence of the administration in
giving immediate solutions and responses in terms of the challenges faced by pre-service teachers in
the teaching field. The administrator will provide improvement and progress for the students to gain
motivation to cope and find strategies for the challenges they faced. Since they have the power to seek
and experiment with more suitable ways to improve the quality of training and expose the student
teachers to a real-life scenario in teaching. The administration should monitor the student’s progress
to gain feedback, especially on the difficulties they experienced in their internship. These certain
monitoring will help the school create a suitable solution to improve the excellence of the teachers to
help their students cope and sustain the necessary needs they want, for them to gain progress and
According to Megler (2012), the presence of school administration is basic in helping students
to grow well specifically in their chosen course. They follow up on the students’ issues and problems,
monitor and provide solutions whether it is academic, behavioral, social, or emotional, the school
administration called for to urgently solve them. These problems have become a major barrier to
achieving the school’s ultimate goal which is to provide a school environment that be able to meet the
As for time management pre-service teachers should be responsible for handling their time
accordingly. Time should be allocated according to preparation. Good time management also reduces
stress, and pressure and it can also provide a sense of achievement for fulfilling goals specifically in
Cemaloglu & Filiz (2010), defined time management as the sufficient use of available
resources in a limited time, aimed at achieving some purpose. In connection, Ipboye and Phillips
(1990) stated the benefits of time management to teachers in higher education where it aimed at
reducing stress levels and improving their performance by developing time management skills
specifically in preparing the lesson appropriately that made their learning objectives achieved in the
learning process.
To future researchers, they should give efforts to search, explore, and investigate deeper about
the cause of difficulties or challenges experienced by pre-service teachers in Saint Michael College of
Caraga, so that more solutions should be taken to motivate and encourage the student teachers to
imparted professional skills and qualities that a pre-service teacher must attain to face the different
challenges in Education. Future researchers play an important role in determining the elements
contributing to this difficulty or challenges in an internship. So that it improves the overall quality of
education of all the pre-service teachers in the teaching field (Tesdimer, 2020).
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Appendices
Appendix A
Letter of Approval
Appendix B
RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
1. What are the specific challenges have you faced during your internship?
2. What is your perception in the challenges you have faced in the teaching
environment?
3. Do these challenges that you have encountered affect your decision of pursuing
Curriculum Vitae
CURRICULUM VITAE
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Nickname: Katya
Date of birth: June 10, 2001
Place of birth: Talisay, Nasipit, Agusan del Norte
Status: Single
Gender: Female
Mother: Marites C. Dumol
Father: (DECEASED)
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Nickname: Chin
Date of birth: December 20, 2000
Place of birth: Bulihon, Tagcatong, Carmen, Agusan del Norte
Status: Single
Gender: Female
Mother: Menierba Asignar
Father: N/A
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Nickname: Jo
Date of birth: November 22, 2000
Place of birth: Chong Hua Hospital Cebu City
Status: Single
Gender: Female
Mother: Josefina E. Pepito
Father: Roger B. Pepito
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Date of birth: March 28, 2001
Status: Single
Gender: Female
Language Spoken: Cebuano, English, Filipino
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Date of birth: May 13, 2000
Status: Single
Gender: Female
Language Spoken: Cebuano, English, Filipino
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Date of birth: July 16, 2000
Status: Single
Gender: Female
Language Spoken: Cebuano, English, Filipino
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Date of birth: September 15, 2000
Status: Single
Gender: Female
Language Spoken: Cebuano, English, Filipino
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Date of birth: October 25, 2000
Place of Birth: Brgy. Amontay Nasipit, Agusan del Norte
Status: Single
Gender: Male
Language Spoken: Cebuano, English, Filipino
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Date of birth: March 24, 2000
Place of Birth: Buenavista Agusan del Norte
Status: Single
Gender: Male
Language Spoken: Cebuano, English, Filipino
Name of Father: Dennis C. Iglesia
Name of Mother: Naome O. Iglesia
PERSONAL BACKGROUND
Date of birth: November 02, 2000
Place of Birth: Anislagan Maco Compostella Valley
Status: Single
Gender: Male
Language Spoken: Cebuano, English, Filipino
Name of Mother: Luzvizminda Bangcasan
Name of Father: (DECEASED)
Documentation