The effectiveness of cassava starch in making biodegradable film

In partial fulfillment of the requirements in

Practical Research 2

Campilan, Dona Faith

Hamac, Mitchell
Torres, Cindy Lou
STEM E

Mrs. Christie Angel B. Alensub

Research teacher

November 11, 2020

 CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Background of the Study

Cassava is one of the economically important crops and is the cheapest raw material for
the production of starch. Tapioca is the most costly raw material for starch production. In terms
of the structures, the amylose content of cassava starch is 17 percent, and its good film-forming
properties are responsible for this. Starch can easily be put into film. The cassava starch film,
however is fragile and thin, resulting in insufficient mechanical properties. Add plasticizers can
be used to resolve the fragility of the film. Water, glycerol, sorbitol and other low-molecular
polyhydroxy compounds are popular plasticizers used in the production of starch films. Due to its
durability and edibility, glycerol and sorbitol are commonly used as plasticizers. The addition of
plasticizers flexible but also less durable the fragile film, leading to a high permeability of
moisture. This issue needs must be addressed so that cassava starch films boost functionality.
Cassava starch film mechanical functionality may be enhanced by blending or by laminating
with other polysaccharide materials.
The creation of biopolymer-based, food packaging films could replace the use of certain
petrochemicals and reduce the negative impacts on the environment associated with non-
renewable and non-recyclable packaging. In general, edible foils are made from sustainable,
natural and rich biodegradable polymer materials (for example, polysaccharides, proteins, lipids
or the compound). Edible films and coatings for fresh fruit, vegetables, sweets, frozen and meat
products were commonly used. Many edible films, however have drawbacks or are prohibitively
costly to mechanical or barrier properties. films from polysaccharides are therefore stronger and
expandable than protein films.
There has been significant advances in the production, particularly with regard to those
derived from starch-based materials, of biodegradable renewable plastics. The aim of this
development is to obtain bio-degradable plastics, which work and which are fully biodegradable
in use as well as conventional plastics. The products used today for food packaging consists of a
number of polymers, metals, glass, paper and boards or combinations of petroleum-based
plastics. Plastic has been found to be the best of these packaging materials due to its long life.
Therefore, its use is increasing every day. Plastics cannot however be degraded in a short time by
natural processes, and hence are left as plastic waste that cause problems for the environment.
Methods used to eliminate other forms of waste, for example burning and burial, are not
appropriate for the destruction of plastics. There has been major interest in the development and
processing of biodegradable plastics in response to these problems associated with the use of
plastic waste.
Cereda et al. (1992, 1995) showed that the use of cassava starch films was promising,
giving a good appearance, without stickiness, exhibiting shininess and transparency. Interest
would allow for more affordable and cost effective technologies for producing biodegradable
plastics. In this study we used cassava starch to make films by chemical modifying cassava
starch by acetylated (esterification) reaction and by gelatinizing cassava starch in water solution.

Statement of the Problem

 This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cassava starch as component of making
biodegradable film.
he core subject matter of the study
1. How long it takes to make biodegradable plastic?
2. Biodegradable film compared to non-biodegradable film in terms of texture?
3. Does cassava starch is effective component in making biodegradable film?

Dependent Variable
The effects of cassava starch in making biodegradable plastic

Independent Variable
Amount of cassava starch will be used

Reference:
Fábio D. S. LarotondaI; Kátia N. MatsuiI; Valdir SoldiII; João B. LaurindoI, (2004) Biodegradable films
made from raw and acetylated cassava starch

https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1516-
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S. L. Ezeoha and j.n ezenwanne (2013) Production of Biodegradable Plastic Packaging Film from Cassava
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https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274123264_Production_of_Biodegradable_Plastic_Packagin
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Sriroth, K. and Sangseethong, K. (2006). BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS FROM CASSAVA STARCH

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plastics%20in%20these%20areas.

S.L. ezeoha (2013) production of Biodegradable plastic packaging film from cassava starch

https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Production-of-Biodegradable-Plastic-Packaging-Film-
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Wirongrong Tongdeesoontorn, Lisa J Mauer, Sasitorn Wongruong, Pensiri Sriburi & Pornchai
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biodegradable cassava starch-based films

https://bmcchem.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1752-153X-5-6