PRACTICAL 1

Practical 1: To study the reactions of aliphatic compounds Aliphatic hydrocarbon

Materials And Appratus:

Test tube, test tube rack, 100 ml beaker, litmus paper, spatula, measuring cylinder, Bunsen
burner, cyclohexane, heptane, cyclohexene, toluene, concentrated sulfuric acid, bromine
water, iron powder, potassium permanganate solution.

Procedure:
(I) Bromine water
1. 1 ml of Cyclohexane is measured into two separate test tubes.
2. 10-15 drops of bromine water are added into the test tubes.
3. The test tubes are shaken to ensure they mixed well. Then, one of the test tubes is placed
in the dark (under the bench) and the other test tube is exposed to sunlight or bright light for
a few minutes.
4. The color of the two tubes is compared. The presence of hydrogen bromide evolution are
tested by holding a piece of moist blue litmus paper at the mouth of each tube.

(II) Aqueous potassium permanganate (Baeyer’s test)

1. 5 ml of potassium permanganate solution is placed in two separate test tubes.
2. About five drops of Heptane is added to one of the test tubes and the same of
Cyclohexene to the other test tube.
3. The test tubes are shaken well for 1-2 minutes and the results is observed.

(III) Sulfuric acid

1. To each of the 2 ml portions of concentrated sulfuric acid in separate test tubes, 10 drops
of Heptane and Cyclohexene are added respectively.
2. The test tubes are shaken well and the results is observed.
3. The contents are discarded by pouring them into a beaker containing at least 50 ml of
water.