Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Civil Rights Movement Around The World
Civil Rights Movement Around The World
movements?
Civil rights movements are a worldwide series of political
forms of resistance.
Northern Ireland civil rights
movement The civil rights struggle in Northern Ireland can be traced to activists in Dungannon, led by Austin
Currie, who were fighting for equal access to public housing for the members of the Catholic
community. This domestic issue would not have led to a fight for civil rights were it not for the fact
that being a registered householder was a qualification for local government franchise in Northern
Ireland.
In January 1964, the Campaign for Social Justice (CSJ) was launched in Belfast. This organisation joined
the struggle for better housing and committed itself to ending discrimination in employment. The CSJ
promised the Catholic community that their cries would be heard. They challenged the government
and promised that they would take their case to the Commission for Human Rights in Strasbourg and
full-scale movement that found its embodiment in the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association. NICRA
campaigned in the late sixties and early seventies, consciously modelling itself on the American civil
rights movement and using similar methods of civil resistance. NICRA organised marches and protests
Canada's Quiet
Revolution
The 1960s brought intense political and social change to the Canadian province of Quebec, with the
election of Liberal Premier Jean Lesage after the death of Maurice Duplessis, whose government was widely
viewed as corrupt. These changes included secularization of the education and health care systems, which
were both heavily controlled by the Roman Catholic Church, whose support for Duplessis and his perceived
corruption had angered many Québécois. Policies of the Liberal government also sought to give Quebec
more economic autonomy, such as the nationalization of Hydro-Québec and the creation of public
companies for the mining, forestry, iron/steel and petroleum industries of the province. Other changes
included the creation of the Régie des Rentes du Québec (Quebec Pension Plan) and new labour codes that
of racial discrimination against African Americans and other disadvantaged groups between 1954 and 1968, particularly in the
southern United States. It is sometimes referred to as the Second Reconstruction era, alluding to the unresolved issues of the
Reconstruction Era (1863–77).After 1890, the system of Jim Crow, disenfranchisement, and second class citizenship degraded
the citizenship rights of African Americans, especially in the South. It was the nadir of American race relations. There were three
main aspects: racial segregation – upheld by the United States Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896 –, legally
mandated by southern governments—voter suppression or disfranchisement in the southern states, and private acts of
violence and mass racial violence aimed at African Americans, unhindered or encouraged by government authorities. Although
racial discrimination was present nationwide, the combination of law, public and private acts of discrimination, marginal
economic opportunity, and violence directed toward African Americans in the southern states became known as Jim Crow.