ANSC 21 – Introduction to Animal Science

II. ANATOMY AND

PHYSIOLOGY OF FARM
ANIMALS

Mr. Triel Martin Felix

 Learning Outcomes
At the end of the discussion, the students must have:
1. Discussed and enumerated the different tissues of the animal body
Teaching and Learning Activities
❑ Lecture discussion with the use of PowerPoint presentation
 Assessment
❑ Quiz
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
TISSUES
• In complex animals,
certain cells specialize in
one or more the functions
of the animal body.
• A group of specialized
cells is a tissue.
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
TISSUES
• Cells that specialize in
conducting impulses make
up nerve tissue.
• Cells that specialize in
holding structures
together make up
connective tissue.
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
TISSUES
• Various tissues are
associated in functional
groups called organs.
• The stomach is an organ
that functions in digestion
of food.
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
TISSUES
• A group of organs that
participate in a common
enterprise make up a
system. The stomach,
liver, pancreas, and
intestines are all part of
the digestive system.
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
TYPES OF TISSUES
• Epithelial tissues -cover
the surface of the body,
line body cavities, and
form glands
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
TYPES OF TISSUES
• Connective tissues –
support and bind other
tissues together and from
which, in the case of bone
marrow, the formed
elements of the blood are
derived
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
TYPES OF TISSUES
• Muscle tissues – specialize
in contracting
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
TYPES OF TISSUES
• Muscle tissues – specialize
in contracting
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
Epithelial Tissue
• In general, the epithelial
tissues are classified as
simple (composed of a
single layer) or stratified
(many-layered).
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
Connective Tissue
• Connective tissues, as the
name implies, serve to
connect other tissues.
They give form and
strength to many organs
and often provide
protection and leverage.
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
Connective Tissue
• Connective tissues include
elastic tissue, collagenous
(white fibrous) tissue,
reticular (netlike) tissue,
adipose (fat) tissue,
cartilage, and bone.
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
Muscle Tissue
• The three types of muscle
tissue are skeletal,
smooth, and cardiac
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
Muscle Tissue
• Both skeletal and cardiac
muscle cells consist of fibers
that under the microscope
show characteristic cross-
striations, so both are
classified as striated muscle.
Smooth muscle cells lack
distinct cross-striations.
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
Muscle Tissue
• Each skeletal muscle cell must
have its own nerve supply, and
when stimulated, the whole
fiber contracts. This is the all-
or-none law of muscle
contraction.
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
Muscle Tissue
• These cells contract more
slowly than skeletal muscle
and in response to a variety of
stimuli, although they are not
under voluntary control.
THE ANIMAL TISSUES
Muscle Tissue
• Cardiac muscle is also known
as involuntary striated muscle
because it is not usually under
conscious control, yet it does
have cross-striations.