Module 4:

네트워크 계획

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강의 개요

 Readings
 Chapter 3 (Simchi-Levi et al.)

 च⎒
 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ च⎒
 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ ┆⤦
• ⒎ᗊ ἖⛏
• ၮ⑲⸮ ⪓≻
• ᭂ⎧ ⪒┓: ⎲ẟᭂ⎧, ⤻৞ ᭂ⎧
• ମⶾ ৞ᔢ ᶪ㉫
• ឦၶ ॾ⚛
• ㉲ᦓ
 ⒪৞ ␂⭖ Ḟ┓
 ⒎⏎㉞࿷ ূ㎋

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네트워크 계획

 ย⾶⏊⵪⑖ ମ᧶ च๎
 ⋮ম: ๶ᇚ, ᚿ⵪
 ㎦␦ḯ: ☏ূ, ᠴମ⌾ ㅾମ

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네트워크 계획

 ย⾶⏊⵪ ূ㎋⑲ᑾ?
 ৳ଇ ย⾶⏊⵪⑖ ੪╮ Ḣূ ᤍ ⎲⋿ ূ㎋ ἖ᚻ
 │ᒳ⓿ ⑖ᶪম┓(ย⾶⏊⵪ ੪╮ Ḣূ)᩾⸮ │἞⓿ ⑖ᶪম┓(⒎⏎⋎ ࿾㉚ ⩚⓿ ㍚⎧ ূ
㎋)୊⚾ᙺ リ㉦

 ย⾶⏊⵪ ূ㎋⑖ ឧ⓿
 ࿢⊏㉚ ᭂ⎧ ⎒Ẋ(⒪৞ᭂ⎧, ⎲ẟᭂ⎧, ᷛᶮᭂ⎧ ᇯ)⑖ ⾶ᔆ⑲ᇚ ⌢㈂ᙺ ৞ᔢ㉖⋪ ᭂ⎧
⩚⓿㍒
 ⓿┆㉚ ␂⭖⋎ ⓿┆㉚ ἖◾⑖ ⒪৞ᙺ ᧲␞㉦␺ᕚ⁦ ἖⎒⌾ ৳ଇ⑖ ᪆㍓ῢḯ ࿾⑏
 ┚ㆆ ᷛᶮ ᤍ ⎲ẟ ᤧΊ/঻ᕚᙺ ⩚⓿㍒㉦␺ᕚ⁦ ⒎⏎ ㍚⎧ ㎦␦ḯ ⚛࿾

cf. ⒪৞ ৾ᚪࣾ ◺⊲⛂ ย⾶⏊⵪ ੪╮ ㉖⋎Ḛ ࿦⑺ ╮⚿⑖ ⩚⓿㍒ᙺ ⪒੪㉦⋎ ᭂ㉲ ย⾶⏊

⵪ ূ㎋␾ ࿢⊏㉚ ᭂ⎧ ⎒Ẋᙺ თῚ⋎ ৞ᔢ㉦␺ᕚ⁦ Global optimization⑂ ⪒੪㉦

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네트워크 계획

 ย⾶⏊⵪ ূ㎋ ᠶ┚⑖ ᪂㉞(subproblems)

 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ ᠶ┚
• ৳ଇ ᶪᾪ ੪ḯ ⎒Ẋ(ᷛᶮ ৳⒣, ⤻৞ ᇯ)⑖ च἖, ⒃⚾ ᤍ ⎧ᓇ ম┓
• ੪ḯ ⎒Ẋं ⋮ম ম┓: DC - Ẋᛢ┎, ৳ଇ⋃⦲ – ᷛᶮ ৳⒣ ᇯ
• │ᒳ⓿ ⑖ᶪম┓ ᠶ┚: ἖โ
 ⒪৞ ␂⭖ Ḟ┓
• ⒪৞ ⓾⒣ ␂⭖ Ḟ┓: ⊲ሒ⋎ ⊲ኢ ㌓ⷚ⑖ ⒪৞(᩾ㆆ, ⍂┚ㆆ ᇯ)ᙺ ᧲৾㉞ ঁ⑶ࣾ?
• ᷛᶮ ␞㌓ ম┓: MTS, MTO
• ⒪৞ ৾ᚪ ┓⥃৺ ᣾┏㉚ ⋮৾
• │἞⓿ ⑖ᶪম┓ ᠶ┚: ἖च⏒ ~ 1โ
 ⒎⏎ ㉞࿷
• ◺⊲⛂ ৳ଇ ย⾶⏊⵪ ੪╮(⒪৞ ␂⭖ リ㉦)㉖⋎Ḛ ⩚⓿ ⒎⏎ ㍚⎧ ᤧ≆ ἖ᚻ
• ┚ㆆᧂ ᷛᶮ ৳⒣, ⎲ẟ ঻ᕚ, ᷛᶮ ྣᔣ ূ㎋
• │἞⓿ ⑖ᶪম┓ ᠶ┚: ἖च⏒ ~ 1โ

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네트워크 설계

 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ
৳ଇ ย⾶⏊⵪⑖ ᠺᚪ⓿ ੪╮(⑶㈂ᑺ) Ḣূ: ⒃⚾, ⎲ẟ঻ᕚ, Ẋ`(੪ᛢ, ᷛᶮ) リ㉦
 ◺⎒ ⑖ᶪ ম┓ ᠶ┚
• ৳⒣, DC ᇯ Ḣᭂ⑖ च἖ ম┓
• ࣿ Ḣᭂ⑖ ⒃⚾ Ḟ┓
• ࣿ Ḣᭂ⑖ ⎧ᓇ ম┓
• ࣿ Ḣᭂ⋎Ḛ ┚ㆆ 〦᣾ᚪ⋎ ࿾㉚ ৳ं ㉞࿷
• Ẋ` ㉂⎒ ᶪ㉫ ম┓: ᩾ㆆ⑂ ⊲ሒḚ ৳ଇᤙ⑂ ঁ⑶ࣾ?
• ⎲ẟ │ᒳ ἖ᚻ(DC – ἖⎒⚾): ⊲ྎ DC⋎Ḛ ⊲ኢ ⚾⋫⑂ ⯢ᦂ㉞ ঁ⑶ࣾ?
 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ⑖ ㉂⎒ḯ: ମ╲ ย⾶⏊⵪⑖ ⒪Ḣূ
• ἖⎒ 〦⸲/┚ㆆ ᣷ᾢ/ᷛᶮ ㈂ᕚḶᾢ/Ẋ` │ᒳ ᇯ⑖ ᦾ㍒⋎ ሮᑺ ମ╲ ย⾶⏊⵪⑖
੪╮ ॾ⺞ ᤍ ᷆ᕚ⎲ ย⾶⏊⵪ ࿾≆ ⷎ᷇

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네트워크 설계

 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ⑖ ㉳Ὺ: ᭂ⎧ ⎒Ẋ ं ⾶ᔆ⑲ᇚ-⌢㈂ ৾ূ

⌆ᙺ ᇢ⊲ DC(⤻৞)⑖ ἖ᙺ ⚛ࣾῚⶢᝲ
 ৞छ⋎ ࿾㉚ ⎲ẟ Ὶं ऎẊ
 ⒪৞ ᭂ⎧(≆│⒪৞) ⚛ࣾ
 ⤻৞৾ᚪ ᭂ⎧ ⚛ࣾ
 Outbound ⎲ẟ(⤻৞  ἖⎒⚾) ᭂ⎧ ऎẊ
 Inbound(৳ଇ⋃⦲/৳⒣  ⤻৞) ᭂ⎧ ⚛ࣾ

ሮᑺḚ, ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূྒ ⑲⌾ ग␾ ᭂ⎧ ं⑖ ⾶ᔆ⑲ᇚ-⌢㈂ ৾ূᙺ ᪂ḛ㉖⋪ Ḛᭂᾢ

⎒੪ᶪ㉫⑂ ᛊ╯ῚⶢᝲḚ Ὶᾢ⹚ ⤦⏎⑖ ᭂ⎧ ⩚Ẋ㍒ᙺ ⪒੪

Discussion
1. DC⑖ च἖ᙺ ⚛ࣾῚⶢྒ ঁ⑲ ᤒᒊ⚿㉚ ঻⎮ᙺ ᷛࣿ㉲᧲ᑺ

2. ᶿㆆ⑖ ⾷ḯ৺ DC⑖ च἖ྒ ⊲ኢ ৾ূࣾ ⒆⑂୊?

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 네트워크 설계

 ᶮ⋃ᧂ │㌓⓿⑶ ⤻৞ च἖⑖ ᭂ੎

Pharmaceuticals Food Companies Chemicals

デ૞
⤻৞
च἖ 3 14 25
‐ High margin product ‐ Low margin product
‐ Service not important (or  ‐ Service very important
easy to ship express) ‐ Outbound transportation
‐ Inventory expensive expensive relative to inbound
relative to transportation

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네트워크 설계: 1. 데이터 수집

 ㉂⎒ ၮ⑲⸮
 ৞छ, Ẋᛢ┎, ମ╲ ⤻৞, ৳⒣, ৳ଇ ⋃⦲⑖ ␂⭖
 ┚ㆆ ┓᧲: │⦲ ἖⎒, ⎲ẟ ᤧΊ ⎒੪ᶪ㉫(⌆: ෇⒣ ⎲ẟ)
 ἖⎒ ┓᧲: ⚾⋫ᧂ ┚ㆆᧂ ৞छ ἖⎒
 ᭂ⎧ ┓᧲
• ⎲ẟ ᭂ⎧: ⎲ẟ ᤧΊᧂ ᭂ⎧
• ⤻৞ ᭂ⎧: ᧲৾ᭂ⎧, ⦖ᚪᭂ⎧(㍒ᠺ ⦖ᚪ), ৞┓ᭂ⎧
• ମⶾ ᭂ⎧: ⏎⒎⒪/᩾ㆆ, ᷛᶮᭂ⎧ ᇯ
 Ḟ⓿ ࿦␂ ᤍ ⎲ẟ ᭆჂ
 Ḛᭂᾢ ἖◾ ឧㅚ
 ᷛᶮ ྣᔣ

 ᤧ࿾㉚ ⊏⑖ ၮ⑲⸮ ㉂⎒: ㎦␦⓿␺ᕚ ᠶ┚ᙺ ㉲ম㉖ମ ␂㉲Ḛ ၮ⑲⸮ ⪓≻ ㉂⎒

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네트워크 설계: 2. 데이터 축약

 ၮ⑲⸮ ⪓≻⑖ ㉂⎒ḯ

 ମ╲ ⩚⓿㍒ ମᦓ␺ᕚ ㉲ম㉞ ἖Ⴢ ⒆␺ඖ ┚ㆆ/৞छᧂ ἖⎒ ⌆⬟⑖ ᪆㍓ῢḯ⑂ ऎẊῚ
ⶢମ ␂㉲ ၮ⑲⸮ ⪓≻⑲ ㎦৺⓿⑺ ἖ ⒆⑊
 ⏎ ၮ⑲⸮ᙺ ᶪ⎧㉖ྒ ঻⎮⌾ ⪓≻ᄚ ၮ⑲⸮ᙺ ᶪ⎧㉖ྒ ঻⎮⋎ ⩚⓿㉲ ㆆ⛆⋎ ⵮ ⤦⑲
ྒ ⋄⑊  ⩚⓿㉲ ㆆ⛆⋎ ⵮ ⋿㊣ ⋄⑲ ᭞ᙶ Ὶं ඲⋎ ㉲ম ࣾྣ
 ၮ⑲⸮ ⪓≻ ᤧᦓ
• ἖⎒⚾⋫: ૺ┏㉚ ৞छᇢ⑂ ㉚ ࿦␂ᕚ ᠴ⊲Ḛ ⦖ᚪ
• ┚ㆆ: ␞ᶪ㉚ ┚ㆆ⑂ ㉚ ࿦␂ᕚ ᠴ⊲Ḛ ⦖ᚪ(┚ㆆ ឦၶ, リ⒣ ᇯ)

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네트워크 설계: 3. 비용 추정

 ⎲ẟ ᭂ⎧ ⪒┓
 ૺᶪ⓿␺ᕚ ⎲ẟ ᤧΊᧂ ࿦␂ ८ᚪ࿷ ᭂ⎧ ⪒┓: SKUᧂ ࿦␂ ८ᚪ࿷ ⎲ẟᭂ⎧
 ඲᩾ ⎲ẟ vs. ⍶᩾ ⎲ẟ
• ඲᩾ ⎲ẟ: ᶪ඲ ⎲ẟ ⒎⏎ ⑲⎧
• ⍶᩾ ⎲ẟ: ⍶᩾ ⎲ẟ ⋃⦲ ⑲⎧
cf. TL (Truckload): ࿾ᓇ ⎲ẟ – ८ᚪ⋎ ᭂᔾ
LTL (Less than Truckload): Ẋᓇ ⎲ẟ – ८ᚪ/࿦␂ ᠲঊ࿷ ᭂ⎧
cf. SKU (Stock Keeping Unit): ⒪৞⑖ ମ᧶ ࿦␂ – ┚ㆆ ᤍ ┚ㆆ⑖ リ⒣/ࣾধ
ᇯ リ㉦  ⩚▃ 『ᛢ ࿦␂ (┚ㆆ⑖ ▃ᙖ᧲࿢ ࿢⊏㉦)
cf. ⎲ẟᤧΊ(transportation mode): Ⴢᕚ(৳ᕚ – ㍒ᠺ⤦), ⦞Ⴢ, ㉫৳, ㉲⎲, 《
⑲㈂ᑺ⑶
cf. ᧳㉧⎲ẟ: ᅎ ࣾ⚾ ⑲ᶿ⑖ ⎲ẟᤧΊ⑂ ম㉧㉖⋪ ᶪ⎧
cf. ἖ẟ৺ ᤮ẟ: ⑺ᤖ⓿␺ᕚ ᠺᙖ ८┎(৳⒣, ᠺᙖḺ⸮ ᇯ)ं ⎲ẟ⑂ ἖ẟ, ᠺᙖ८┎
⋎Ḛ ৞छ୊⚾⑖ ⎲ẟ⑂ ᤮ẟ⑲ᑺ৞ ᩾ᚂ

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네트워크 설계: 3. 비용 추정

 ⤻৞ ᭂ⎧ ⪒┓
 ⦖ᚪ ᭂ⎧: ㍒ᠺ ⦖ᚪ ᭂ⎧(⑶ᔣ, Ḣᭂ) – ⋮ं ⦖ᚪ ᠺᓇ⋎ ᭂᔾ
 ৞┓ ᭂ⎧: ⤻৞ ૚ឦ⋎ ᭂᔾ  ⩚࿾ ⒪৞ ἖◾⋎ ⑖㉲ ম┓ᄦ
 ᧲৾ ᭂ⎧: デ૞ ⒪৞ ἖◾⋎ ᭂᔾ
cf. ⑺ᤖ⓿␺ᕚ ย⾶⏊⵪ ੪╮ Ḣূ⋎Ḛྒ ⋮ं ᠺᓇ ၮ⑲⸮ᛊ⑂ ⒃ᔣ␺ᕚ ᤙ⑊. ሮᑺḚ,
⦖ᚪ ᭂ⎧␾ ύঊ ⪒┓㉞ ἖ ⒆␺ඖ ࿢ᙶ ᭂ⎧␾ ᧂჂ⑖ ⪒┓ ᤧᦓ⑲ ㉂⎒㉦. ⚇, ⋮ं
⦖ᚪ ᠺᓇ ၮ⑲⸮ᙺ ⑲⎧㉖⋪ デ૞ ⒪৞ ᤍ ⩚࿾ ⒪৞ ἖◾⑂ ⪒┓㉲≺ ㉦
cf. ⤻৞⑖ ◺ମྣ: ᧲৾, ㉖⋫ (+ ᪂ᙖ, リ⒣, ࣾ৳ ᇯ)
cf. ᧲৾ᠺᙖ ৾ᔦ ᠺᙖḺ⸮⑖ ମྣ: ⒃㉖  ᧲৾  ⌢ၒ㈺⶷  ॾㆆ  リ⒣  ⪚㉖

 ⤻৞ ᭂ⎧ ⪒┓ - ᧲৾ ᭂ⎧
 ᧲৾ ᭂ⎧␾ ⋮ं ⦖ᚪ ᠺᓇ⑲ ≂࿊ デ૞ ⒪৞ ἖◾⋎ ⑖㉲ ম┓ᄦ
 ⋮ं ⦖ᚪ ᠺᓇ␺ᕚ᩾⸮ デ૞ ⒪৞ ἖◾⑂ ⪒┓㉖ᔢᝲ ⒪৞㎊│␦⑂ ⑲⎧
⒪৞㎊│␦ = ⋮ं ᛢ⪚ ⏎ࣾ/デ૞ ⒪৞ ࣾ⭖
 ⋮ं ⦖ᚪ ᠺᓇ/⒪৞㎊│␦ = デ૞⒪৞἖◾
 ᧲৾ ᭂ⎧ = デ૞⒪৞἖◾ X ࿦␂࿷ ᧲৾ ᭂ⎧

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네트워크 설계: 3. 비용 추정

 ⤻৞ ᭂ⎧ ⪒┓ - ৞┓ ᭂ⎧
 ৞┓ ᭂ⎧␾ ⤻৞⑖ ⵪ମ⋎ ⑖㉲ ম┓ᄦ
 ⤻৞⑖ ⵪ମྒ ⩚࿾ ⒪৞ ἖◾⋎ ⑖㉲ ম┓ᄦ
 ⩚࿾ ⒪৞ ἖◾ ⪒┓: ⩚࿾ ⒪৞ ἖◾ = デ૞ ⒪৞ ἖◾ X 2 (EOQ ⤶╮)
 ⤻৞ ⵪ମ ⪒┓
• ⤻৞ ᝲ⓿ = (factor) X (⩚࿾⒪৞἖◾) X (࿦␂ SKUᧂ ৳ं Ẋ⎒)
• Factor: ⪒ࣾ⓿⑶ ৳ं ⎒੪ ᶪ㉫ ᤖ⋿(᧲⺳ 3 ᶪ⎧)
– ⺳ᕚ, ㍒ᠺ ⦖ᚪᙺ ␂㉚ ৳ं(picking, sorting), ㍒ᠺ ⦖ᚪ Ḣᭂ, AGV(⒎
თ ␞Ⴢ ⤦ᓇ) ᇯ⑂ ␂㉚ ৳ं
• ⌆┚
– ⋮ं ᠺᓇ: 1,000
– ⒪৞㎊│␦ = 10, ࿦␂࿷ ৳ं Ẋ⎒ = 10 ┚৯ ᣶⸮
 デ૞ ⒪৞ ἖◾ = 1,000/10 = 100
 ⤻৞ ⎧ᓇ(৳ं Ẋ⎒ᓇ) = 3 X 2 X 100 X 10 = 6,000 ┚৯ ᣶⸮

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네트워크 설계: 4. 기타

 ⒃⚾ ㏂᧲⚾⑖ Ḟ┓: ৞ᔢᶪ㉫

 ⚾ᚪ⓿ ╮ॲ
 ⑶㈂ᑺ
 ⦚⋮ ⒎⏎
 ๶თᔣ
 ⚾⋫ ᶮ⋃
 ╮Ḷ ᤍ ૚┚
 ৳৳ ⑲⑳

 Ḛᭂᾢ ἖◾
 ⤻৞⌾ ἖⎒⚾ ं⑖ ⩚࿾ ८ᚪ ጎྒ ⩚࿾ ८ᚪ ⑲඲⑖ ἖⎒⚾ ᭂ␦ ᇯ

 ᣶ᒖ ἖⎒
 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ ᠶ┚ྒ │ᒳ⓿ ⑖ᶪম┓ ᠶ┚⑲ᢾᕚ ㌂⒪ ἖⎒ ᳎ ≂࿆ᑺ ࣾ୊⎲ ᣶ᒖ⑖
἖⎒୊⚾ᙺ ৞ᔢ㉲≺ ㉦

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네트워크 설계: 5. 모형 검증, 6. 해법

 ឦ㌓ ॾ⚛
 ἖ᚻᄚ ឦ㌓(ᤍ ၮ⑲⸮)⑖ ␞㎦ḯ⑂ ॾ⚛
 ମ╲ ⎲⋿ ၮ⑲⸮ ㍚⎧ ॾ⚛

 ㉲ᦓ
 Heuristic vs. ⩚⓿㍒

cf. Ὶᢪᔆ⑲Ṗ ឦ㌓: ◺⊲⛂ ย⾶⏊⵪⑖ ḯྣ ᪂ḛ(Ḣূ ⎧Ⴢྒ ≂࿖)

cf. SCP (Supply Chain Planning) DSS

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재고 위치 선정

 ⒪৞ ␂⭖ Ḟ┓
 ࿦⑺ ମ⋃ ࿾ᶿ
 ◺⊲⛂ ย⾶⏊⵪ ੪╮㉖⋎Ḛ ⒪৞⑖ ᧲৾ ␂⭖ ᤍ ⒪৞⑖ ␞㌓ ম┓
• ⊲ྎ ␂⭖⋎ ≆│⒪৞ᙺ ᅖ ঁ⑶ࣾ?  MTS Ḣᭂ
• ⊲ኢ Ḣᭂᙺ MTOᕚ ⎲⋿㉞ ঁ⑶ࣾ?
• ≆│⒪৞ᙺ ᅒ࿢ᝲ ⍂┚ㆆ ⒪৞ᕚ ᅖ ঁ⑶ࣾ, ጎྒ ⏎⒎⒪/᩾ㆆ ⒪৞ᕚ ᅖ ঁ⑶ࣾ?
 ⩚▃ ৞छ⋎ ࿾㉚ Ḟ⓿ ᚪᇚⶾ⒂(response time)⑂ ◾἖㉖ྒ ᦒ␂ ඲⋎Ḛ ࣿ Ḣᭂ⑖
⦖ᚪ Ὶं ᤍ Ḣᭂ ं ⎲ẟ Ὶं⑂ ৞ᔢ㉖⋪ ␂⭖ Ḟ┓
 ⒪৞ ┓⥃৺ ᣾┏㉚ ৾ᔦ

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재고 위치 선정: 재고량과 리드타임

 ᚪᇚⶾ⒂৺ ⒪৞ᓇ৺⑖ ৾ূ: ࿦⑺ Ḣᭂ, ࿦⑺ ┚ㆆ, Periodic Review Policy

 ၮ⑲⸮
• SI (Incoming Service Time): ◺ᠶ ㏂ ⒃৞୊⚾⑖ ମं
• T: Ḣᭂ ඲⋎Ḛ⑖ ⦖ᚪῚं(ࣾ৳, ╮ᚻ, ᪂ᙖ, ମⶾ)
• S: ৞छ⋎ ࿾㉚ Ḛᭂᾢ ⶾ⒂(৞छ ◺ᠶ ㏂ Ḟ⓿୊⚾⑖ Ẋ⎒ମं, response time)
 ᛊ⑺ SI + T <= Sᑺᝲ
• ⒪৞ᙺ ᅖ ㉂⎒ࣾ ⋄⑊(why?)  MTO Ḣᭂᕚ ⎲⋿
 SI + T > S
• Net Lead Time = SI + T – S (why?)
• ሮᑺḚ SI + T – S ⑺(day)᪂⑖ ≆│⒪৞ ㉂⎒

 ᛊ⑺ response time(S)⑂ ☂⑲ᝲ ⒪৞ᓇ␾ ⚛ࣾ

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재고 위치 선정: 재고량과 리드타임

 ᚪᇚⶾ⒂৺ ⒪৞ᓇ৺⑖ ৾ূ: Two-Stage Case

 Ḣᭂ 2⑖ Ḛᭂᾢ ⶾ⒂⑂ ☂⑲ᝲ

• Ḣᭂ 2⑖ ⒪৞ᓇ␾ ⚛ࣾ㉦
• Ḣᭂ 1⑖ ⒪৞ᓇ␾ ऎẊ㉦

 ⒪৞␂⭖ Ḟ┓ ᠶ┚: ৞छ Ḛᭂᾢ ⶾ⒂⑂ ◾἖㉖ᝲḚ ࿢⑊৺ ग␾ ঁᇢ⑂ ম┓

 Ḣᭂ ं Ḛᭂᾢ ⶾ⒂
 ⒪৞⑖ ⓾⒣ ␂⭖ ᤍ ⒪৞⑖ ⊏
 │⦲ ᭂ⎧ ⩚Ẋ㍒ ⪒੪

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재고 위치 선정: ElecComp Case

 Overview
 Large contract manufacturer of circuit boards and other high tech parts.
 About 27,000 high value products with short life cycles
 Fierce competition  Low customer promise times < Manufacturing
Lead Times
 High inventory of SKUs based on long-term forecasts  Classic PUSH
STRATEGY
• High shortages
• Huge risk
 PULL STRATEGY not feasible because of long lead times

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재고 위치 선정: ElecComp Case
 New Supply Chain Strategy
 OBJECTIVES:
• Reduce inventory and financial risks
• Provide customers with competitive response times.
 ACHIEVE THE FOLLOWING:
• Determining the optimal location of inventory across the various stages
• Calculating the optimal quantity of safety stock for each component at each
stage
 Hybrid strategy of Push and Pull
• Push Stages produce to stock where the company keeps safety stock
• Pull stages keep no stock at all.
 Challenge:
• Identify the location where the strategy switched from Push-based to Pull-
based
• Identify the Push-Pull boundary
 Benefits:
• For same lead times, safety stock reduced by 40 to 60%
• Company could cut lead times to customers by 50% and still reduce safety
stocks by 30%

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재고 위치 선정: ElecComp Case

 Notations

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재고 위치 선정: ElecComp Case

 Current Safety Stock Location

ᛊ⑺ Montgomery Ḣᭂࣾ Ḛᭂᾢⶾ⒂⑂ 13⑺ᕚ ☂⑺ ἖ ⒆࿢ᝲ?

 Dallasྒ MTOᕚ ⎲⋿ ࣾྣ! (⍂┚ㆆ ⒪৞ ┚८)
 ⒪৞⑖ ␂⭖ ᦾ㍒

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재고 위치 선정: ElecComp Case

 Optimized Stock Location

Dallas: MTS  MTO

Montgomery: MTO  MTS
Raleigh: ⒪৞ ▃ᙖ ᦾ঻(⍂┚ㆆ  ᩾ㆆ)

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재고 위치 선정: ElecComp Case

 Stock Location with Reduced Lead Time

⩚▃ ৞छ⋎ ࿾㉚ ᚪᇚⶾ⒂: 30⑺  15⑺

ମ╲ ੪╮᧲࿢ ᭂ⎧ ┆ऎ৺ თῚ⋎ Ḛᭂᾢ ἖◾ ㊣ᶿ!

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재고 위치 선정: ElecComp Case

 More Complex Case: Current Network

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재고 위치 선정: ElecComp Case

 More Complex Case: Optimized Network

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재고 위치 선정: ElecComp Case

 Key Points
 MTS (Push), MTO (Pull) Ḣᭂ ╮┓
• ⒪৞⑖ ␂⭖ᙺ ╾ၒ ᭂ⎧⑲ Ὼ ৱ␺ᕚ ⑲თ(৳ଇᛛ⑖ ≜᩾᪂)
 Risk Pooling
• ৳⺳⓿␺ᕚ ᛌ⑲ ᶪ⎧ᄖྒ ᩾ㆆ⋎ ࿾㉲ ⒪৞ ᧲৾
⍂┚ㆆ ⒪৞⋎ ᭂ㉲ ⒪৞ ᭂ⎧ ऎẊ, ጎ㉚, risk pooling ㎦৺⋎ ⑖㉲ ⒪৞ ἖◾
ऎẊ ࣾྣ
 Ḣᭂ ࿦␂⑖ local optimization  │⦲ ย⾶⏊⵪ ⤦⏎⑖ global optimization

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재고 위치 선정: 네트워크 설계와 통합

 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ ᤍ ⒪৞ ␂⭖ Ḟ┓
 2-tier Network
• ᷛᶮ ৳⒣  Primary warehouse  Secondary warehouse  Ẋᛢ┎
 ⑖ᶪম┓ ᠶ┚
• ឦᇞ SKU⋎ ࿾㉚ ⒪৞ᙺ 2 ▃ᙖ⑖ ⤻৞ ឦᅎ⋎ ᅖ ঁ⑶ࣾ?
• ≂࿆ᝲ, ㉚ ▃ᙖ⋎ᛊ?

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재고 위치 선정: 네트워크 설계와 통합

 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ ᤍ ⒪৞ ␂⭖ Ḟ┓: ⺳㉧ ᠶ┚ – ⌆┚
 SKUᧂ ἖⎒ᓇ ᤍ ἖⎒ ᦾთḯ

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재고 위치 선정: 네트워크 설계와 통합

 ย⾶⏊⵪ Ḣূ ᤍ ⒪৞ ␂⭖ Ḟ┓: ⺳㉧ ᠶ┚ – ⌆┚
 SKU ⾷ḯ⋎ ሮᙶ ⒪৞ ␂⭖ Ḟ┓
• ⦫᷇: ຐ␾ ἖⎒ᓇ – ඬ␾ ἖⎒ ᦾთḯ Ẋᛢ┎ ࣾ୊⑲⋎ ⒪৞ ᧲৾
– ⎲ẟᓇ⑲ ᛌ␺ᢾᕚ ⎲ẟ⑖ ঻┚ḯ ㍓᧲ ࣾྣ
– ᦾთḯ⑲ ඬ␺ᢾᕚ ⒪৞ ⬟ᝲ⋎ḚჂ ঻┚ḯ ㍓᧲ ࣾྣ
• ⓿᷇: ඬ␾ ἖⎒ᓇ – ຐ␾ ἖⎒ ᦾთḯ  Primary warehouse
– ⺳㉧⋎ ⑖㉚ ⎲ẟ ঻┚ḯ ᤍ ⒪৞ ᭂ⎧ ऎẊ(Risk pooling)
• ㍧᷇: ඬ␾ ἖⎒ᓇ – ඬ␾ ἖⎒ ᦾთḯ  needs more analysis

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자원 할당

 ⒎⏎ ㉞࿷
 ◺⊲⛂ ย⾶⏊⵪ ੪╮㉖⋎Ḛ ㎦␦⓿⑶ ⒎⏎ ㍚⎧ ূ㎋ ἖ᚻ  Supply Chain
Master Planning
• ᷛᶮ, ⎲ẟ │ᒳ⑖ ⑺⭖ ⪒੪

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