Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction Methods and Questionnaire
Introduction Methods and Questionnaire
HANDCRAFTED GOODS
Marketing Research
Submitted by:
Carreon, John Ian V.
Cruz, Meryll Jade B.
Dela Cruz, Justin Aldous D.
Gumban, Hanna Jane V.
Maniti, Dhaisy Marie B.
Martelino, Brilliant Vallerie R.
Yalung, Jean Paul Chancey I.
Submitted to:
Prof. Hazel T. Maborrang, PhD, LPT
February 2023
INTRODUCTION
Water hyacinths (Eichhornia Crassipes), more commonly known as water lilies in the
Philippines, is a variety of freshwater plants that originated from South Africa and has been
regarded as the world’s “most troublesome” aquatic plant. But prior to this, it has been widely
propagated as a water ornament. Today, several countries face the enormous task of controlling
the alarming increase of water lilies that form vast blankets covering lakes, rivers and ponds,
which in turn cause problems for fishing, water transport and biodiversity (“CARAGA
The plant forms large floating mats which cover the entire water surface within a short
period. When allowed to propagate, it quickly colonizes the water mass causing detrimental
effects, including loss of fishing grounds, occlusion of water ways for navigation, interference
with hydroelectric power generating plants, and providing a habitat for breeding of agents of
malaria and bilharzia, as well as suppression of other useful aquatic life (Mathur, 2007; Jayan
The plant reproduces by means of runners or stolons, which eventually form daughter
plants; and when this decay, the process leads to depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water,
often killing fish and other aquatic organisms (Coles and Kabatereine, 2008). Several means
such as spraying with herbicides, and occasional desilting of the water bodies in which they grow
have been tried to control its rapid growth and spread, but these have not yielded any meaningful
result due to its varied adaptive strategies for survival (Bindu and Ramasamy, 2005).
Deemed as one of the most damaging aquatic plants in the world, the water hyacinth has
severely infested Philippine waters and its nearby communities with its rapid rate of
proliferation. It can flower throughout the year and releases more than 3,000 seeds per year. With
this extraordinary rate of production, the Water Hyacinth species outnumber other aquatic
species in the vicinity, threatening the stability of fresh water and its biological diversity.
Furthermore, its leaves and pads can reduce light and oxygen, which causes phytoplanktons to
significantly decrease in number, affecting the photosynthetic cycle and endangering fish species
(ecoingenuity, 2019).
Water hyacinths are an invasive plant species that can take over the entire surface of a
body of water if left unchecked. They can be a nuisance since they allow disease-spreading
vector species of mosquitoes to breed freely in the static waters. The plants’ decomposition
results in a foul odor, decreases the clarity of water, and depletes the level of dissolved oxygen in
Water hyacinth often clogs waterways due to its rapid reproduction and propagation rate.
The dense mats disrupt socioeconomic and subsistence activities (ship and boat navigation,
restricted access to water for recreation, fisheries, and tourism) if waterways are blocked or water
pipes clogged (Ndimele et al., 2011, Patel, 2012). The floating mats may limit access to
breeding, nursery and feeding grounds for some economically important fish species
Moreover, the water hyacinth weed negatively affects the activities of the people with
direct and indirect dependence on the infested water bodies ecosystem (Ayalew et al., 2020). The
hazards impact differs across livelihoods context and effective hazard impact assessment must be
change analysis is vital to capture the impact of hazards on affected households (Lawrence et al.,
ways to make them more beneficial. For instance, water hyacinth fibers are used to make paper
and rope. It is utilized as pig, duck, and fish feed in several regions of Asia. Furthermore, water
hyacinths are employed as fertilizers and help purify water for drinking or for liquid sewage
system effluent. The plant is most frequently used in the Philippines to make furniture, mats, and
baskets.
The products made from water hyacinth fiber have the advantage of the fiber tough and
durable properties, which could last up to 3-5 years. It could be weaved into any form which is
suitable to change according to the market trend. Currently, water hyacinth fiber has been
applied to create various products such as coaster, slippers, basket, hat, fruit tray, furniture,
handbag, and women purse. Tough yet flexible is known to be key properties of water hyacinth
stem, which is the main material used to produce water hyacinth fiber. Thanks to those
properties, water hyacinth fiber could be weaved into any form desired, with 3D weaving
technique. Natural water hyacinth fiber come in beautiful golden-brown color, yet both natural
and chemical dyes can be added to create even more colorful artifacts. Water hyacinth fiber is
also biodegradable. With a proper coating and care, water hyacinth products could live up to 3-5
years of use, however, water hyacinth fiber could be naturally disposed within a few months as
well. Nowadays water hyacinth is used for decorative purposes and it plays main role in hand
craft products like handbags, wallets, flower pots, fashion accessories, mats etc. Many creative
and decorative home furnishing products are manufactured from water hyacinth stem (Rajan et
al., 2022).
The products derived from water hyacinth plants have good market potential. They not
only have domestic market in the region but also can fetch good foreign exchange. Developing
and encouraging such ventures also aids in reducing unemployment. The products have good
popularity in exhibition stalls. Moreover, the economics of the products can be increased as these
can be produced by the unemployed women folk of the family in their leisure time. In the present
day context, when the agricultural community at large is facing the challenges of climate
challenge and global warming, such ecofriendly and bio- degradable products can contribute to
sustainable agriculture. They can also play a significant role in utilization of natural and human
This research will cover the ecology of water hyacinths in general and the impacts of
their invasion on particular barangays. In order to limit the spread of its detrimental effects on
people and the environment, this would encourage the sustainable management of water hyacinth
and promote going green by turning the aquatic plant into alternative handcrafted goods, which
will also be the central subject of analysis of market opportunities. Furthermore, this study will
conduct a more detailed evaluation of how specific barangays affected by the water hyacinth
infestation deal with and manage the problem, which would foster resilience and lead to longer-
lasting solutions to the problems with water hyacinth control and management.
Research Objectives
The goal of this study is to minimize the environmental threat posed by the proliferation
of water hyacinths by turning them into recycled and handcrafted goods that can be sold in the
market and benefit the selected barangays in Tarlac City who are negatively impacted by it.
To assess the market potential and capability of water hyacinths as recycled and
To find out what customers and retailers think and expect of handicrafts’ quality, design,
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This section of the study presents the research design, research respondents, research
Research Design
The study will utilize a qualitative methodology in assessing the market acceptability of
water hyacinths as alternative handcrafted goods. The researchers will use a qualitative research
issues related to public health that are not achievable with quantitative methods (plants, 2021).
Qualitative method will be used in gathering and tabulating data. In order to evaluate and
investigate people’s opinions and convictions regarding recycling water lilies, the researchers
will be able to use this method to examine the data they have collected from the respondents.
This will give them accurate and reliable data that will assist them with the study they are
conducting.
Research Respondents
Each barangay will have ten (10) respondents for the study, for a total of thirty (30)
respondents. The Tarlac City barangays that are selected are Balibago, Banaba, and Culipat.
Research Locale
The study will be conducted in Tarlac City, in which the selected barangays are located.
The chosen respondents will be given questionnaires and interviewed in their homes or any other
The researchers will use a combination of a questionnaire and an interview as their study
tools to evaluate the market acceptability of water hyacinths as alternative handcrafted goods.
The questionnaire, which is a researcher made, includes the profile of the respondents to gather
their demographic information. On the other hand, the interview will be used to identify the
opinions and sentiments of the respondents about water lilies and what they think about using
Once the instrument has been validated, the researchers will notify the selected
respondents about the study’s objective and verify that they meet the requirements after gaining
permission. The questionnaire will then be constructed by the researchers as well as the
interview guide. The respondents will be given a questionnaire to know about their demographic
profile, such as age and gender. After the questionnaire, they will participate in a 30- to 45-
minute in-person interview that will follow the respondents’ narration and create questions based
on their comments on that narration in order to allow for subject growth and investigation and to
guarantee accurate and thorough qualitative data. By conducting interviews with the respondents,
the researchers will learn more about their general backgrounds, any problems they encountered,
and their thoughts and opinions. The probes will target crucial topics that include the assessment
about the market acceptability of water hyacinths as alternative handcrafted goods. The data will
be assessed, interpreted, and analyzed after speaking with the respondents in an interview.
Tarlac State University
QUESTIONNAIRE
Dear Respondent,
We are students from the Tarlac State University, under the Bachelor of Science in
requirement for the subject Marketing Research, we are working on a research paper entitled,
to kindly answer the questions in this questionnaire. The information you provide will enable our
group to attain the purpose of the study. Thank you for your cooperation.
The Researchers
Section 1
The question below relates to personal data. Please check (✔) the appropriate one.
1. Gender:
Male
Female
2. Age:
3. Marital Status:
Single
Married
Separated
Widowed
4. Educational Qualification:
Matriculate
Intermediate
Graduate
Post-Graduate
Others (please specify): ___________________
5. Occupation:
Student
Service
Business
Home Maker
6. Monthly Income:
Up to 10,000 PHP
Section 2
These set of questions are related to Market Acceptability of Water Hyacinths as alternative
handcrafted goods. Please answer the following questions by writing your answers.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4.1 What are your thoughts on handcrafted water lily goods as a market opportunity
in terms of:
__________________________________________________________________
4.1.2 employment?
__________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
6. Does your community have any procedures in place for determining how water lilies
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
8. Do you pay attention to the news stories on water pollution that are reported?
_______________________________________________________________________
9. Do you concur that water lilies have an influence on agricultural livelihood? Why or why
not?
_______________________________________________________________________
10. Do you agree that water lilies are invasive pests? Why or why not?
_______________________________________________________________________
11. Are you aware that water lilies can be transformed into a proactive environmental
product?
_______________________________________________________________________
12. Personally, do you agree that it is necessary for water lilies to be vehemently controlled?
_______________________________________________________________________
13. In your perspective, do you think it would be preferable if it were commercially utilized
so that its numbers could be efficiently reduced while also promoting economic
_______________________________________________________________________
14. Do you think it would be better for the government to start using water lilies by altering
the way the local residents view the plant and making it a source of livelihood? Why or
why not?
_______________________________________________________________________