NEOPLASIA

1. Define neoplasia. Outline the differences between benign and malignant

tumours

2. Define metastasis. Discuss the different modes of metastasis

3. Discuss the role of p53/Guardian of the genome/Molecular Policeman in

neoplasia

4. Discuss the pathogenesis chemical carcinogenesis

5. Enumerate oncogenic virus. Discuss pathogenesis of viral carcinogenesis

6. Discuss oncogenesis by HPV

7. Differences between carcinoma, sarcoma & teratoma

8. What is Transcoelomic spread of malignant tumour

9. Mention six Precancerous conditions

10.What are Oncogenes and Protooncogenes? What is Cancer Cachexia?

11.Discuss the role of tumour suppressor genes in oncogenesis

12.Importance of Retinoblastoma gene and p53 oncogene

13.Enumerate the Biological carcinogens

14.Enumerate four tumours associated with radiation carcinogenesis

15.Enumerate the Systemic effects of cancer

16.What are Paraneoplastic syndromes?

17.Discuss Knudson's two hit hypothesis

18.Importance of Virchow's node

19.Discuss the Laboratory diagnosis of cancer

20.Enumerate six tumour markers giving one example of tumour associated

with each

21.Enumerate four examples of familial cancers

22.Enumerate tumour suppressor genes

23.What is Promoter in carcinogenesis?

24.Explain Initiation process in chemical carcinogenesis.

25.Which diseases are caused by Epstein-Barr virus?

26.Enlist Four tumours which produce paraneoplastic syndrome

27.Describe the steps involved in mechanism of tumour invasion &

metastasis

28.Mention the Important Growth Factors modulating tumour growth and

biology

29.Name four tumours caused by various viruses

30.Describe four modes of tumour spread with examples

31.Describe the characteristics of a malignant cell

32.What is carcinoma-in-situ? Explain the morphology

33.What is a Sentinel lymph node

34.Name two Autosomal Dominant & two Autosomal Recessive Inherited

Cancer Syndromes

35. What is Anaplasia? What is the difference between Dysplasia, Anaplasia

and Metaplasia.
36.What is Warburg Effect ?

37.Describe the phases of cell cycle with a neat labelled diagram

38.Enumerate the Eight hallmark of cancer

39.Discuss the pathogenesis of cancer formation through Radiation Injury

40. What is Tumour Lysis Syndrome?