ELECTRICAL

CIRCUITS 2

GENERATION ALTERNATING
CURRENT & VOLTAGE
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SINE WAVE

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CYCLE:
FREQUENCY
FREQUENCY IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL:

When the conductor has 1. SPEED OF ROTATION

2. PAIR OF NUMBER OF POLES
completed one revolution, it
has gone through an angle of

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PERIOD
The time it takes to complete one cycle.

WAVE LENGTH
The length of one complete wave or cycle or the distance traveled by the wave in one cycle.

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EQUATION OF SINE WAVE CURRENT

EQUATION OF SINE WAVE VOLTAGE

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OTHER IMPORTANT FORMULAS

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OTHER IMPORTANT FORMULAS

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SAMPLE PROBLEM:
A sine wave alternating voltage has a maximum value of 170 volts and a frequency of 25 cycles per
second. Determine:
a. Value of voltage 0.001, 0.004, 0.01 second after crossing zero axis in a positive direction.
b. Angles corresponding to each value of time.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM:
A current is given by I = 22.62 sin 377t. Determine:
a. Maximum value
b. Rms value
c. Frequency
d. Radians through which each vector has gone when t = 0.01 seconds
e. No. of degree

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SAMPLE PROBLEM:
The 35 000 kVA, 13 800 volts, 3 phase, 50 cycles water wheel alternator have a speed of 375 rpm.
How many poles for 2000 kVA, 60 cycles, 3 phase gas engine driven alternator having a rated speed
of 133.3 rpm.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM:
An emf is given by 170 sin 314.2t. determine a) maximum value, b) rms value, c) frequency, d)
radians through which its vector rotated in 0.0015 sec., e) degrees in (d), value of emf at instant in
(d).

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SAMPLE PROBLEM:
Two 50 cycles current having rms value of 22.6 and 33.9 amps. differ in phase by an angle of 60
degrees, the latter current lagging, determine:
a. Resultant vector
b. Angle between the resultant vector and 22.6 amp vector.

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ALTERNATING CURRENT POWER, VOLTAGE AND CURRENT IN PHASE

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AC POWER, VOLTAGE AND CURRENT DIFFER IN PHASE BY ANGLE

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CIRCUIT WITH RESISTANCE ONLY

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CIRCUIT WITH INDUCTANCE ONLY

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CIRCUIT WITH CAPACITANCE ONLY

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SAMPLE PROBLEM:
An electric flat iron where heating element is practically a pure resistance takes 480 watts when
connected across dc mains. Determine a) power that it takes from 120 volts, 60 cycle mains; b) its resistance;
c) equation of Ac voltage, current, and power waves; d) power when time is 1/480 secs.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM:
An electric flat iron where heating element is practically a pure resistance takes 480 watts when
connected across dc mains. Determine a) power that it takes from 120 volts, 60 cycle mains; b) its
resistance; c) equation of Ac voltage, current, and power waves; d) power when time is 1/480 secs.

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SAMPLE PROBLEM:
A coil having an inductance of 0.179 henry and negligible resistance takes 4.0 amps. from 220 volts
AC mains.
Determine: a) frequency
b) current when connected to 220 volts, 60 cycle mains
c) current when connected to 110 volts, 50 cycle mains

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SAMPLE PROBLEM:
A coil having an inductance of 0.179 henry and negligible resistance takes 4.0 amps. from 220 volts
AC mains.
Determine: a) frequency
b) current when connected to 220 volts, 60 cycle mains
c) current when connected to 110 volts, 50 cycle mains

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 THANK YOU

1/7/20XX 23