PHYSICS SHORT NOTES

TOPIC SOUND UNWANTED ECHO

1. Recording Music. Echoes can be annoying.
1. Things that vibrate make sound. Bigger the 2. In a theatre, during a drama, if participants voice
vibration, louder the sound. echoes --> audience cannot understand.

2. Sound is a form of energy produced by vibration WAYS TO STOP ECHOES

of particles. 1. Cover the windows (Curtains)
2. Cover the Floor (Rugs)
3. In a Vacuum, there are no particles for vibration, 3. Cover the wall with fabric
therefore, NO sound. 4. Through sleeping bags and pillows in the room

4. Loudness of sound depends on the force used to TOPIC MASS AND WEIGHT
vibrate the object (Eg. Drum - hit harder - loud
sound). DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MASS AND WEIGHT

5. Pitch of sound ---> how high or low sound is.
Thunder --> low pitch. Baby crying --> high pitch
For a drum, tighten the skin.
6. Sound wave travels from the vibrating object
into our ears. Particles in front of the vibrating
object also vibrates which makes the particles in
front of them also vibrate.
1. Mass is a measure of matter in it
Weight is the force of gravity on it.
2. Mass is measured in Kilograms.
Weight is measured in Newtons.
3. Mass is measured using a Beam balance
Weight is measured using a Force Meter.

7. Loud sound can cause ear damage because our

ear drums also vibrate.

8. Sound travel best in Solids and slowest in gas.

Sound does not travel in a vacuum. Why? Solid
particles are tightly packed whereas, in gas the
particles are far away from each other.

9. To hear sound you need:

(a) A vibration
(b) A medium through which sound can travel.

REFLECTION OF SOUND

A soundwave travels towards a wall, hits the wall

and comes back ----> Echo.

USEFUL ECHO
1. Bats, Dolphins for food
2. Boats to know how deep ocean is.
3. Images of sound waves inside of our body