GENERAL INFORMATION

Region: Southern Europe Southern Europe

Area: 505,935 km² 301,340 km²

Official language: Spanish Italian

Parliamentary
Government form: constitutional Parliamentary republic
monarchy

Independent since: 1492 AD 1861 AD

Capital: Madrid Rome

 Population

SPAIN ITALY
Population:

47,327,000 59,066,000

Inhabitants/km²: 93.5 196.0

Life expectancy males: Ø 80 years Ø 80 years

Life expectancy
Ø 85 years Ø 85 years
females:

Average age: Ø 43.9 years Ø 46.5 years

Birthrate: 7.10 ‰ 6.80 ‰

Deathrate: 10.40 ‰ 12.60 ‰

Migrationrate: 4.35 ‰ 3.02 ‰

 ECONOMY
  Spain Italy

euro(1 EUR = 100

Currency: euro(1 EUR =100 Cent)
Cent)

Unemployment rate: 14.7 % 9.8 %

Inflation rate: 3.09 % 1.87 %

Cost of Living:(USA =
82.93 % 86.17 %
100%)

Commercial taxes and

47.00 % 59.10 %
contributions:

Average income: 29,740 US$ 35,710 US$

Corruption index: 39 (moderate) 44 (moderate)

 Infrastructure

  ESP:total per 1000inh. ITA:total per 1000inh.

Roadways: 683,175 km 14.44 km 487,700 km 8.26 km

Railways: 15,718 km 0.33 km 16,779 km 0.28 km

Waterways: 1,000 km 0.02 km 2,400 km 0.04 km

Harbours: 478 0.0101 1,296 0.0219

Passenger
42 0.0009 43 0.0007
airports:
H E A L T H C A R E S Y S T E M

  Spain Italy

Hospital beds per

2.97 3.14
1000 inh.:

Physicians per 1000

4.07 4.09
inh.:

Diabetes: 6.9 % 5.0 %

HIV: 0.17 % 0.04 %

Tuberculosis: 0.07 ‰ 0.07 ‰

Tuberculosis cure
47.0 % 95.0 %
rate:

Smokers: 27.7 % 23.1 %

 N A T I V E L A N G U A G E S

  Spain Italy

Italian: n/a 94.1 %

Spanish: 74.0 % n/a

Catalan: 17.0 % n/a

Galecian: 7.0 % n/a

Sardinian: n/a 2.7 %

Basque: 2.0 % n/a

Friuli: n/a 1.2 %

French: n/a 0.5 %

German: n/a 0.5 %

Albanian: n/a 0.2 %

Slovenian: n/a 0.2 %

Romany: n/a 0.2 %

other: 0.0 % 0.4 %

R E L I G I O N S

  Spain Italy

Christianity: 94.0 % 91.6 %

Nondenominational: n/a 5.8 %

Islam: n/a 1.9 %

Buddhism: n/a 0.3 %

Hinduism: n/a 0.2 %

Sikhism: n/a 0.1 %

Jewry: n/a 0.1 %

other: 6.0 % 0.0 %

Spain

Italy
 Government system

T H E S P A N I S H T H E G O V E R N M E N T
F O R M O F O F I T A L Y I S I N T H E
G O V E R N M E N T F O R M O F A
M A I N L Y D E M O C R A T I C
S T A N D S O U T R E P U B L I C , A N D
F O R H A V I N G W A S E S T A B L I S H E D
A M O N A R C H Y , B Y A
C O N S T I T U T I O N I N
1 9 4 8 . I T C O N S I S T S
T H E P R I M E O F L E G I S L A T I V E ,
M I N I S T E R O R E X E C U T I V E , A N D
P R E S I D E N T J U D I C I A L
A C T S A S A S U B D I V I S I O N S , A S
R E P R E S E N T A T I W E L L A S A H E A D
V E O F T H E O F S T A T E , O R
K I N G . P R E S I D E N T .
 I T A L Y
SPAIN P R E S I D E N T O F T H E
king is the head of state, R E P U B L I C
R E P R E S E N T S T H E
his role is mostly U N I T Y O F T H E
N A T I O N A N D H A S
symbolic. He calls for M A N Y O F T H E
D U T I E S P R E V I O U S L Y
elections and may G I V E N T O T H E K I N G
O F I T A L Y . T H E
intervene when it comes P R E S I D E N T S E R V E S
A S A P O I N T O F
to laws. He names and C O N N E C T I O N
B E T W E E N T H E T H R E E
dismisses certain B R A N C H E S A S H E I S

government E L E C T E D B Y T H E
L A W M A K E R S ,
functionaries. He even A P P O I N T S T H E
E X E C U T I V E A N D I S
has the capacity to T H E P R E S I D E N T O F
T H E J U D I C I A R Y . T H E
declare war on another P R E S I D E N T I S A L S O
C O M M A N D E R - I N -
nation. C H I E F I N T H E T I M E
O F W A R .
 S P A I N ’ S C O N S T I T U T I O N
D I V I D E S T H E G O V E R N M E N T
I N T O T H R E E P O D E R E S D E L
E S T A D O ( B R A N C H E S ) .
S E N A T E
L E G I S L A T I V E
( L E G I S L A T I V O )
E L L E G I S L A T I V O C O N S I S T S
O F T H E S P A N I S H C O N G R E S S
A N D D I P U T A D O S
( D E P U T I E S ) . E L S E N A D O
( T H E S E N A T E ) I S A L S O A N
I M P O R T A N T P A R T O F T H E
L E G I S L A T I V E . T H E Y A R E I N
C H A R G E O F D I S C U S S I N G
A N D A P P R O V I N G L A W S I N
T H E C O N S T I T U T I O N .
L E G I S L A T I V E B R A N C H
F U R T H E R I N F O R M A T I O N :
P A R L I A M E N T O F I T A L Y ,
I T A L I A N C H A M B E R O F
D E P U T I E S , A N D I T A L I A N
W I T H A R T I C L E 4 8 O F T H E
C O N S T I T U T I O N , W H I C H
G U A R A N T E E S T H E R I G H T T O
V O T E , T H E P E O P L E E X E R C I S E
T H E I R P O W E R T H R O U G H T H E I R
E L E C T E D R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S I N
T H E P A R L I A M E N T . [ 2 ] T H E
P A R L I A M E N T H A S A
B I C A M E R A L S Y S T E M , A N D
C O N S I S T S O F T H E C H A M B E R
O F D E P U T I E S A N D T H E
S E N A T E , E L E C T E D E V E R Y F I V E
Y E A R S .

 J U D I C I A R Y T H E J U D I C I A R Y I S A
( J U D I C I A L ) B R A N C H T H A T I S
S P A N I S H C O U R T S C O M P L E T E L Y
A N D J U D G E S A R E A U T O N O M O U S A N D
I N D E P E N D E N T O F A L L
I N D E P E N D E N T .
O T H E R B R A N C H E S O F
T H E R E A R E
P O W E R , E V E N T H O U G H
L O C A L , T H E M I N I S T E R O F
R E G I O N A L , A N D J U S T I C E I S
N A T I O N A L R E S P O N S I B L E F O R T H E
C O U R T S . T H E O R G A N I Z A T I O N A N D
T R I B U N A L F U N C T I O N I N G O F T H O S E
S U P R E M O S E R V I C E S I N V O L V E D
( S U P R E M E C O U R T ) W I T H J U S T I C E A N D H A S
I S T H E H I G H E S T - T H E P O W E R T O
O R I G I N A T E
R A N K I N G C O U R T
D I S C I P L I N A R Y A C T I O N S
I N T H E
A G A I N S T J U D G E S ,
G O V E R N M E N T I N
W H I C H A R E T H E N
S P A I N . A D M I N I S T E R E D B Y T H E
H I G H C O U N C I L O F T H E
J U D I C I A R Y , P R E S I D E D
O V E R B Y T H E
P R E S I D E N T . [ 2 ]
 T H E G O V E R N M E N T
E X E C U T I V E O F I T A L Y A S
( E J E C U T I V O ) C O M P O S E D O F T H E
E L P O D E R P R E S I D E N T O F T H E
E J E C U T I V O I S C O U N C I L ( P R I M E
L E D B Y T H E
M I N I S T E R ) A N D
P R E S I D E N T A N D
M I N I S T E R S . T H E
O T H E R
M I N I S T E R S . P R E S I D E N T O F
T H E Y L E A D T H E I T A L Y A P P O I N T S
N A T I O N A L T H E P R I M E
G O V E R N M E N T I N M I N I S T E R A N D , O N
S P A I N . H I S P R O P O S A L ,
T H E M I N I S T E R S
T H A T F O R M I T S
C A B I N E T .
 N A T I O N A L - L E V E L
E L E C T I O N S I N I T A L Y
E L E C T I O N S T A K E A R E C A L L E D
P L A C E A T T H E P E R I O D I C A L L Y T O
R E G I O N A L , F O R M A P A R L I A M E N T
L O C A L , A N D C O N S I S T I N G O F T W O
N A T I O N A L H O U S E S : T H E
L E V E L S , A S C H A M B E R O F
W E L L A S D E P U T I E S ( C A M E R A
E L E C T I O N S F O R D E I D E P U T A T I ) W I T H
4 0 0 M E M B E R S ; A N D
T H E E U R O P E A N
T H E S E N A T E O F T H E
U N I O N
R E P U B L I C ( S E N A T O
P A R L I A M E N T . D E L L A R E P U B B L I C A )
T H I S A L L O W S W I T H 2 0 0 E L E C T E D
A L L E U M E M B E R S , P L U S A
C I T I Z E N S T O F E W A P P O I N T E D
V O T E I N S E N A T O R S F O R L I F E .
P A R L I A M E N T A R Y I T A L Y I S A
E L E C T I O N S P A R L I A M E N T A R Y
E V E R Y F I V E R E P U B L I C : T H E
P R E S I D E N T O F T H E
Y E A R S .
R E P U B L I C I S E L E C T E D
F O R A S E V E N - Y E A R
T E R M B Y T H E T W O
H O U S E S O F
P A R L I A M E N T I N
J O I N T S E S S I O N ,
T O G E T H E R W I T H
S P E C I A L E L E C T O R S
A P P O I N T E D B Y T H E
R E G I O N A L C O U N C I L S .
 S O C I A L L I F E I N
S P A I N
F A M I L Y A N D
F R I E N D S A R E V E R Y
I M P O R T A N T F O R
M O S T O F S P A N I S H
P E O P L E . H E R E T H E Y
C A N B E I N F O R M A L ,
W I T H P L E N T Y O F
K I S S E S A N D H U G S .
M E A L T I M E S A R E
L A T E — L U N C H
1 3 : 3 0 - 1 5 : 3 0 A N D
D I N N E R N O T U N T I L
2 1 : 0 0 - 2 3 : 0 0 . Y O U
W I L L S E E M A N Y
C H I L D R E N U P V E R Y
L A T E B Y U K
S T A N D A R D S . E A T I N G
O U T A N D E A T I N G
W I T H F R I E N D S A R E
R A T H E R P O P U L A R
P A S T I M E S .
F O R I T A L I A N
F A M I L I E S ,
A M O N G T H E
M O S T P O P U L A R
D A I L Y L E I S U R E
A C T I V I T I E S A R E
W A T C H I N G
T E L E V I S I O N ,
L I S T E N I N G T O
T H E R A D I O ,
R E A D I N G
N E W S P A P E R S ,
A N D G O I N G T O
T H E C I N E M A ;
R E A D I N G B O O K S
A N D E N G A G I N G
I N S P O R T S A R E
L E S S C O M M O N
A M O N G T H E
M A J O R I T Y O F
P E O P L E .
 R E G I O N A L L I F E
T H E N I G H T L I F E
I N I T A L Y I S
I S L E G E N D A R Y .
T Y P I F I E D B Y A
B A R S A N D D I V E R S I T Y O F
N I G H T C L U B S C U S T O M S A N D A
R E A L L Y D O S T A Y G R E A T V A R I E T Y
O P E N A L L O F F E S T I V A L S ,
N I G H T , A N D E V E N I F I T I S
I M P O R T A N T T H E I R A P P E A L
E C O N O M I C T O T H E T O U R I S T
F A C T O R S I N T H E I N D U S T R Y A N D
C O U N T R Y ’ S T O T E L E V I S I O N
E C O N O M Y . T H A T H E L P S
T H E R E A R E A L S O K E E P T H E M
M A N Y P O P U L A R A L I V E . T H E
F E S T I V A L S , M A J O R I T Y O F
M O S T B A S E D O N R E L I G I O U S
R E L I G I O U S F E S T I V A L S A R E
T R A D I T I O N S , R O M A N
A L T H O U G H S O M E C A T H O L I C ,
O F T H E M O R E D E D I C A T E D T O
T H E M A D O N N A
B A R B A R I C
O R T O
P R A C T I C E S A R E
D I F F E R E N T
D I M I N I S H I N G
S A I N T S .
 R E L I G I O N & B E L I E F S :
S P A I NI S A P R E D O M I N A N T L Y R O M A N
C
A T H O L I C C O U N T R Y W I T H
A P
P R O X I M A T E L Y 9 4 % O F T H E
P O P U
L A T I O N A F F I L I A T E D T O T H A T
R E L I G I O N .
D U R I N G T H E H I S T O R Y O F S P A I N , T H E R E
H A V E B E E N L O N G P E R I O D S W H E R E
D I F F E R E N T R E L I G I O U S G R O U P S H A V E
C O E X I S T E D , I N C L U D I N G M U S L I M S , J E W S
A N D C H R I S T I A N S .
S O M E T R A D I T I O N S A R E M O R E A
C U L T U R A L E V E N T R A T H E R T H A N A
R E L I G I O U S O N E .
D U R I N G H O L Y W E E K , P R O C E S S I O N S T A K E
P L A C E W H E N P A R T I C I P A N T S W E A R A
C A P I R O T E W H I C H I S A P O I N T E D H A T O F
C O N I C A L F O R M A N D I S P A R T O F T H E
U N I F O R M O F S O M E B R O T H E R H O O D S A N D
F R A T E R N I T I E S . T H E Y W A L K B A R E F O O T
A N D C A R R Y A B U R D E N W H I C H I S
S Y M B O L I C O F A P E N I T E N T .
R E L I G I O U S H I S T O R Y I S A P P A R E N T I N
E V E R Y S M A L L T O W N , W H E R E T H E M O S T
G R A N D I O S E B U I L D I N G I S T Y P I C A L L Y T H E
C H U R C H . I N T H E L A R G E C I T I E S T H E
C A T H E D R A L S A R E A L M O S T M U S E U M S .
 C A T H O L I C I S M
T H E P R I M A R Y R E L I G I O N I N I T A L Y I S
R O M A N C A T H O L I C .
T H E R E A R E M O R E C A T H O L I C
C H U R C H E S P E R C A P I T A I N I T A L Y
T H A N I N A N Y O T H E R C O U N T R Y .
A L T H O U G H C H U R C H A T T E N D A N C E I S
R E L A T I V E L Y L O W , T H E I N F L U E N C E O F
T H E C H U R C H I S S T I L L H I G H .
M A N Y O F F I C E B U I L D I N G S W I L L H A V E
A C R O S S O R A R E L I G I O U S S T A T U E I N
T H E L O B B Y .
E A C H D A Y O F T H E Y E A R H A S A T
L E A S T O N E P A T R O N S A I N T
A S S O C I A T E D W I T H I T .
C H I L D R E N A R E N A M E D F O R A
P A R T I C U L A R S A I N T A N D C E L E B R A T E
T H E I R S A I N T ' S D A Y A S I F I T W E R E
T H E I R O W N B I R T H D A Y .
E A C H T R A D E A N D P R O F E S S I O N H A S A
P A T R O N S A I N T .
T H E C H U R C H P R O M U L G A T E S
H I E R A R C H Y , W H I C H C A N B E S E E N I N
A L L I T A L I A N R E L A T I O N S H I P S .
T H E Y R E S P E C T A N D D E F E R T O T H O S E
W H O A R E O L D E R , T H O S E W H O H A V E
A C H I E V E D A L E V E L O F B U S I N E S S
S U C C E S S , A N D T H O S E W H O C O M E
F R O M W E L L - C O N N E C T E D F A M I L I E S .
 S P A I N
T H E F A M I L Y :
T R A D I T I O N A L L Y , T H E F A M I L Y H A S
B E E N T H E B A S I S O F T H E S O C I A L
S T R U C T U R E , I N C L U D I N G T H E
N U C L E A R A N D T H E E X T E N D E D
F A M I L Y , W H I C H P R O V I D E B O T H
S O C I A L A N D F I N A N C I A L
S U P P O R T .
A L T H O U G H I T H A S B E C O M E L E S S
C O M M O N O V E R T H E P A S T F E W
D E C A D E S F O R E X T E N D E D F A M I L Y
T O S H A R E T H E S A M E H O M E ,
F A M I L I A L T I E S R E M A I N A V E R Y
I M P O R T A N T A S P E C T O F S P A N I S H
S O C I E T Y .
T H E S T R U C T U R E A N D S I Z E O F A
T R A D I T I O N A L S P A N I S H F A M I L Y
H A S C H A N G E D O V E R T I M E .
P E O P L E A R E L I V I N G L O N G E R A N D
H A V I N G L E S S C H I L D R E N .
 I T A L I A N F A M I L Y V A L U E S
T H E F A M I L Y I S T H E C E N T R E
O F T H E S O C I A L S T R U C T U R E
A N D P R O V I D E S A
S T A B I L I Z I N G I N F L U E N C E F O R
I T S M E M B E R S .
I N T H E N O R T H , G E N E R A L L Y
O N L Y T H E N U C L E A R F A M I L Y
L I V E S T O G E T H E R ; W H I L E I N
T H E S O U T H , T H E E X T E N D E D
F A M I L Y O F T E N R E S I D E S
T O G E T H E R I N O N E H O U S E .
T H E F A M I L Y P R O V I D E S B O T H
E M O T I O N A L A N D F I N A N C I A L
S U P P O R T T O I T S M E M B E R S .
The economy of Spain is a highly developed social
market economy.[24] It is the world's sixteenth-
largest by nominal GDP and the sixth-largest in
Europe. Spain is a member of the European Union
and the eurozone, as well as the Organization for
Economic Co-operation and Development and the
World Trade Organization. In 2021, Spain was the
twentieth-largest exporter in the world and the
sixteenth-largest importer. Spain is listed 27th in
the United Nations Human Development Index and
37th in GDP per capita by the World Bank.
According to The Economist in 2005, Spain had the
world's 10th highest quality of life.[25] Some of
the main areas of economic activity are the
automotive industry, medical technology,
chemicals, shipbuilding, tourism, and the textile
industry.
 T H E E C O N O M Y O F I T A L Y I S A
H I G H L Y D E V E L O P E D S O C I A L
M A R K E T E C O N O M Y . [ 2 5 ] I T I S T H E
T H I R D - L A R G E S T N A T I O N A L
E C O N O M Y I N T H E E U R O P E A N
U N I O N , T H E 1 0 T H - L A R G E S T I N T H E
W O R L D B Y N O M I N A L G D P , A N D T H E
1 2 T H - L A R G E S T B Y G D P ( P P P ) .
I T A L Y I S A F O U N D I N G M E M B E R O F
T H E E U R O P E A N U N I O N , T H E
E U R O Z O N E , T H E O E C D , T H E G 7
A N D T H E G 2 0 ; [ 2 6 ] I T I S T H E
E I G H T H - L A R G E S T E X P O R T E R I N T H E
W O R L D , W I T H $ 6 1 1 B I L L I O N
E X P O R T E D I N 2 0 2 1 . I T S C L O S E S T
T R A D E T I E S A R E W I T H T H E O T H E R
C O U N T R I E S O F T H E E U R O P E A N
U N I O N , W I T H W H O M I T C O N D U C T S
A B O U T 5 9 % O F I T S T O T A L T R A D E .
T H E L A R G E S T T R A D I N G P A R T N E R S ,
I N O R D E R O F M A R K E T S H A R E I N
E X P O R T S , A R E G E R M A N Y ( 1 2 . 5 % ) ,
F R A N C E ( 1 0 . 3 % ) , T H E U N I T E D
S T A T E S ( 9 % ) , S P A I N ( 5 . 2 % ) , T H E
U N I T E D K I N G D O M ( 5 . 2 % ) A N D
S W I T Z E R L A N D ( 4 . 6 % ) . [ 2 7 ]
THANK
YOU