8. Write a program for an image enhancement using pixel operation.

Image Processing In Java | Set 2 (Get and set Pixels)

We strongly recommend to refer below post as a prerequisite of this.
Image Processing in Java | Set 1 (Read and Write)
In this set, we will learn about pixels of image. How we can get pixel values of image and how
to set pixel values in an image using Java programming language.
Pixels are the smallest unit of an image which consists of four components Alpha (transparency
measure), Red, Green, Blue and in short (ARGB).
The value of all the components lie between 0 and 255 both inclusive. Zero means the component is
absent and 255 means the component is fully present.
Note:
Since, 28 = 256 and the value of the pixel components lie between 0 and 255, so we need only 8-bits to
store the values.
SO, total number of bits required to store the ARGB values is 8*4=32 bits or 4 bytes.
As the order signifies Alpha acquires leftmost 8 bits, Blue acquires rightmost 8 bits.
Thus the bit position :
For blue component being 7-0,
For green component being 15-8,
For red component being 23-16,
For alpha component being 31-24,

Pictorial representation of indexes:

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// Java program to demonstrate get and set pixel
// values of an image
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
  
public class GetSetPixels
{
    public static void main(String args[])throws IOException
    {
        BufferedImage img = null;
        File f = null;
  
        //read image
        try
        {
            f = new File("G:\\Inp.jpg");
            img = ImageIO.read(f);
        }
        catch(IOException e)
        {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
  
        //get image width and height
        int width = img.getWidth();
        int height = img.getHeight();
  
        /*  Since, Inp.jpg is a single pixel image so, we
            will not be using the width and height
variable */
  
        /* get pixel value (the arguments in the getRGB
method
         denotes the  cordinates of the image from which
the
         pixel values need to be extracted) */
        int p = img.getRGB(0,0);
  
        /* We, have seen that the components of pixel
occupy
           8 bits. To get the bits we have to first right
shift
           the 32 bits of the pixels by bit position(such
as 24
           in case of alpha) and then bitwise ADD it with
0xFF.
           0xFF is the hexadecimal representation of the
decimal
           value 255.  */
  
        // get alpha
        int a = (p>>24) & 0xff;
  
        // get red
        int r = (p>>16) & 0xff;
  
        // get green
        int g = (p>>8) & 0xff;
  
        // get blue
        int a = p & 0xff;
  
        /*
        for simplicity we will set the ARGB
        value to 255, 100, 150 and 200 respectively.
        */
        a = 255;
        r = 100;
        g = 150;
        b = 200;
  
        //set the pixel value
        p = (a<<24) | (r<<16) | (g<<8) | b;
        img.setRGB(0, 0, p);
  
        //write image
        try
        {
            f = new File("G:\\Out.jpg");
            ImageIO.write(img, "jpg", f);
        }
        catch(IOException e)
        {
            System.out.println(e);
        }
    }
}