Computing Interval

Estimates
of Population Proportions
The following assumptions are
made for finding a confidence level
interval for a population
proportion.
1. The sample is a random
sample.
2. The conditions for a
binomial experiment are satisfied.
Computing Interval Estimates of p
1. Recall the Four-Step Method in
estimating a population parameter.
2. Study the following examples
employing the Four-Step.
3. Provide the missing information
to complete the solution.
EXAMPLE. A survey of 1000
citizens showed that 715 trust the
President. Compute a 95%
confidence interval for the
proportion of all citizens who trust
the president.
EXAMPLE. In a survey of 458 random
households, people take pride in discussing
their methods of environmental protection.
236 manage their trash by separating
biodegradables from non-biodegradables.
Biodegradables are converted into
fertilizers while non-biodegradables are
disposed of properly. Use a 95% confidence
to estimate the proportion of all
households who have good practices of
trash management.
ANSWER
EXERCISES PAGE 191
ITEMS 1-5
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 Interpreting Interval
Estimates
of Population Proportions
EXAMPLE. A survey is conducted to
determine the opinions of people on global
warming. In a random sample of 150, 108
think that global warming is a serious world
problem.
1. Estimate the proportion of adults who
think that global warming is a very serious
world problem.
2. What is the standard error of this estimate?
3. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the
proportion of adults who think that global
warming is a very serious world problem.
EXAMPLE. PCS conducted a research survey
on JHS who will enrol for the SY 2020-2021.
The survey showed that 168 out of 300
students will enrol for the next school-year.
1. What is the best point estimate for the true
proportion of students who will enrol on
SY 2020-2021?
2. Construct a 95% confidence interval for
the proportion of students who will enrol
on SY 2020-2021.
3. Find the lower and upper limit interval and
describe the results.
EXAMPLE. In a certain food stall, 278
out of 500 randomly selected
consumers indicate their preference
for a new kind of food combination.
Use a 99% confidence interval to
estimate the true proportion p who
like the new food combination.
1. Find the best point estimate.
2. Describe the results.
ANSWER.
Page 198
Exercises. Items 1-8
CONFIDENCE LEVEL
AND
SAMPLE SIZE
Margin of Error (E) :

Formula in Determining the Minimum

Sample Size Needed when Estimating
the Population Mean :
EXAMPLE. In a certain village, Ysabel
wants to estimate the mean weight 𝞵, in
kilograms, of all six-year old children to
be included in a feeding program. She
wants to be 99% confident that the
estimate of 𝞵 is accurate to within 0.06
kg. Suppose from a previous study, the
standard deviation of the weights of the
target population was 0.5 kg, what
should be the sample size?
EXAMPLE. Janea wants to replicate
a study where the lowest observed
value is 12.4 while the highest is
12.8. She wants to estimate the
population mean 𝞵, to within an
error of 0.025 of its true value.
Using 95% confidence level, find
the sample size n that she needs.
Margin of Error :

Formula in Determining the Minimum

Sample Size Needed when Estimating
the Population Proportion :
In computing the sample size for
estimating a population proportion,
there are two situations to bear in mind:
1. If some approximation of is known,
that value may be used in the formula.
2. If no approximation is known, use
=0.5. this value will result in a
sample large enough to guarantee
prediction given the confidence
interval and the error estimate.
 STEPS IN SOLVING FOR SAMPLE SIZE
INVOLVING PROPORTIONS
Step 1: Determine the confidence level.
Step 2: Determine the confidence coefficient,
Step 3: Determine the error E.
Step 4: Determine .
Step 5: Substitute the values in the formula.

Step 6: Round up the resulting value to the

nearest whole number.
EXAMPLE. Martha wants to know,
with 95% confidence, the
proportion of her schoolmates who
like Science subject. A previous
survey showed that 42% like
Science subject. Martha likes to be
accurate within 2% of the true
proportion. What sample size does
Martha need?
EXAMPLE. Taylor Swift wants to use
the proportion of her fans to
determine the sample needed to ask
regarding their thoughts about her
previous Reputation stadium tour. She
wants to be able to assert with a
probability of 0.95 that her error will
be at most 0.05. Similar polls in the
past showed that 65% loved her last
tour. How large a sample does Taylor
need?
ANSWER
PAGE 207
EXERCISES ITEMS 1-9
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