Elementary Physics BSAM 1

Assignment no.1 (Ch. 1 Measurement of Physical Quantities) Total Marks: 10

Note. All questions carry equal marks.
Name: SYED SHEERAZ ABRAR ROLL NO. 131201801
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Q 1. Name all Base physical quantities in SI system, corresponding Base Units
and their symbols. Can we convert one base quantity into other (e.g. meter into
kilogram ) ? Explain.
Answer. The base physical quantities in the SI system, their corresponding base
units, and their symbols are:
Length: meter, m
Mass: kilogram, kg
Time: second, s
Electric Current: ampere, A
Temperature: Kelvin, K
Amount of Substance: mole, mol
Luminous Intensity: candela, cd
No, we cannot convert one base quantity into another. Base quantities are
fundamental and cannot be converted into one another.
Q 2. SI unit for Power is Watt which is to kg m 2s3. Which quantities is it derived
from?
Answer. The SI unit for power (Watt) is derived from the combination of the
following three quantities:
- Mass (kg)
- Length (m)
- Time (s)
Q 3. Which one is correct? Also mention which option have prefix in expression.
a). 1.27 x109 Watts b). 1.27 gigawatts c) 1.27 GW d). all correct
Answer. b) 1.27 gigawatts, which explicitly specifies the unit of power and the
prefix (giga) used in the expression.
Q 4. What is the difference between Deka and Deci ?
Answer. Deka and Deci are both metric prefixes used to indicate a multiple or
factor of 10. Deka is a multiple of 10, so it means 10 times the given unit. Deci is a
fraction of 10, so it means one tenth of the given unit.
Q 5. Which prefix nano or pico is bigger multiple (say out of ns and ps) ?
Answer. One billionth or a factor of 10-9 is represented by the prefix "nano"
(symbol: "n"). One trillionth or a factor of 10-12 is represented by the prefix
"pico" (symbol: "p"). As a result, "nano" is a multiple that is greater than "pico."
One picosecond (ps) is equivalent to one trillionth of a second, while a
nanosecond (ns) is equivalent to one billionth of a second. As a result, one
picosecond is longer than one nanosecond in time.
Q 6. As per SI system what is the length of a meter rod?
Answer. A meters is defined by the International System of Units (SI) as the
distance that light would travel in a vacuum over a period of time equal to
1/299,792,458 of a second.
This definition, based on the speed of light in a vacuum, specifies the length of a
meter’s rod. Interferometry methods or other accurate measurement techniques
that rely on the speed of light can be used in practice to calculate the length
of a meters rod.
Q 7. Radius of Hydrogen atom is 5 x 10 -11 m. How may it be expressed using
nearest prefix? (Hint. 10-12)
Answer. A hydrogen atom's radius is 5 x 10-11 m, which is equal to 50 picometers
(pm).
We can divide the value by 1000 to convert picometers to nanometers (nm),
which is a more widely used unit for atomic dimensions, in order to describe this
number using the nearest prefix.
50 pm ÷ 1000 = 0.05 nm
So, using the closest prefix, the radius of an atom of hydrogen can be
written as 0.05 nm.
Q 8. What is second standard unit of mass? What is its importance? Compare it
with kilogram.
Answer. The "grams" is the second fundamental mass unit (symbol: "g"). It is
described as one thousandth of a kilogram, the International System of Units'
base unit of mass (SI).
The kilograms is a bigger unit of mass, whereas the grams, which is smaller, is
more practical for everyday use. For instance, 100 g rather than 0.1 kilogram
might be used to describe the mass of a normal apple. In many other scientific
disciplines, including chemistry and biology, where exact measurements of mass
are frequently needed, the grams is also utilized.
However, it is important to note that the kilogram is the only standard unit of
mass in the SI and is used for all official measurements of mass. The kilogram is
defined by a physical artifact, the International Prototype of the Kilogram.
Q 9. Density of a cube of wax is found to be 30.4 kg/m 3. If its length is doubled
and width is reduced to half, keeping rest of all parameters unchanged, will its :
a) Volume change
b) Mass change
c) Density change
Answer. a) If the cube's length is doubled and its width is cut in half while
maintaining all other parameters constant, its volume will not change. The
formula for the cube's original volume is V = l x w x h, where l stands for the
cube's length, w for its width, and h for its height. The cube's new volume will be
as follows if the length is doubled and the width is cut in half:
V' = (2l) x (w/2) x h = l x w x h = V
Therefore, the volume of the cube will remain the same.
b) If the cube's length is doubled and its breadth is cut in half, the mass will alter.
Using the formula m = V, where is the density and V is the volume, one may
determine the cube's initial mass. Inputting the values provided yields:
m = 30.4 kg/m3 x V
Since the volume remains unchanged, the mass of the cube will also remain the
same.
c) If the cube's length is doubled and its breadth is cut in half, its density won't
change. This is the case because the mass of a cube is precisely proportional to its
volume; therefore, if the volume is constant, the mass will also be constant. As a
result, the density won't change.
Briefly argue in support of your answer.
Q 10. Earth is approximately a sphere of radius 6.37 x 106 m. What are its:
a) Circumference in kilometers,
(b) Its surface area in square kilometers
and (c) Its volume in cubic kilometers?

Solution:
(a) Circumference of Earth can be calculated as 2πr, where r is the radius of the
Earth.
Circumference = 2π × 6.37 x 10^6 m = 40,075,017.4 meters
Converting to kilometers: Circumference = 40,075.0174 km
Therefore, the circumference of the Earth is approximately 40,075.0174 km.
(b) Surface area of Earth can be calculated as 4πr^2, where r is the radius of the
Earth.
Surface area = 4π × (6.37 x 10^6 m)^2
Converting to square kilometers: Surface area = 510,064,472.1 km^2
Therefore, the surface area of the Earth is approximately 510,064,472.1 km^2.
(c) Volume of Earth can be calculated as 4/3πr^3, where r is the radius of the
Earth.
Volume = 4/3π × (6.37 x 10^6 m)^3
Converting to cubic kilometers: Volume = 1,083,207,319,390.24 km^3
Therefore, the volume of the Earth is approximately 1,083,207,319,390.24 km^3.