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Darojad Nurjono Agung Nugroho
Darojad Nurjono Agung Nugroho
Darojad Nurjono Agung Nugroho
ABSTRACT
The implementation of the Large-Scale Community Social Restriction (PSBB) policy during the COVID-19 pandemic
aimed to limit the spread of the virus in the community, which resulted in the limited activities of the community,
including pregnant women. The lack of information related to health care or antenatal care (ANC) faced by pregnant
women results in decreased coverage of K1 and K4 visits. Deli Serdang Regency is one of the districts that
experienced a declined antenatal care visit. Data from the Health Department in 2020 indicated a 1.53 per cent
decrease in the K1 visit, while K4 was increased by 2.99 per cent. The purpose of the study was to analyze the factors
related to antenatal care examinations during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Deli Serdang district. This research
implemented a cross-sectional quantitative design using primary data. Data were collected through interviews using a
questionnaire. Data collection was performed in November 2020 in Sunggal District and Hamparan Perak District,
Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. The number of respondents was 154 pregnant women, which were
selected using a simple random sampling. The dependent variable is the ANC examination by the midwife. The
independent variables include the age of pregnant women, age at first marriage, employment status, education,
income, health insurance ownership, husband's age, and childbirth plans. Data were analyzed using simple logistic
regression analysis, with α = 0.05. The result showed that the sociodemographic characteristics of pregnant women
who carry out ANC examinations by midwives are pregnant at an ideal age (age less than 35 years), married for the
first time at the age of less than 24 years, not working, having a low level of education with income 3 million/month,
not having health insurance and planning to have birth at the midwife. The analysis also showed that there is a smaller
percentage of conducting ANC examinations in midwives among women with higher education. Based on the study's
results, it was found that the variables that significantly related to conducting ANC examination in midwives were
age, age at first marriage, have a spouse withing ideal age, and planning childbirth at the midwife.
36 34 22.0
24 28 17.0
Employment
Working 32 21.0
Education
Household Income
>3.000.000 32 20.0
Health Insurance
No 49 32.0
Spouse Age
35 96 62.0
36 58 38.0
Planned childbirth
service
Midwife 86 56.0
No Yes
Employment
Working 6% 94% 122 0.089 3.673 0.820-16.453
Education
Household Income
Ownership of Health
Insurance
Spouse Age
According to employment status, 94 percent of pregnant women with higher education levels have the
pregnant women who performed ANC checks at smallest percentage of conducting ANC examinations in
midwives are housewives. However, womens’ midwives. This is reflected in the percentage of ANC
employment variable shows no significant association examinations for mothers with low education, which are
with the behavior of antenatal care in midwives. The higher than middle and high. Ideally, the higher the
result of this research is in line with previous research, education of pregnant women, the more rational they
which indicated that there is no correlation between will behave in maintaining their health and pregnancy.
women who work and ANC examinations. Furthermore, On the other hand, someone with low education
the research shows that working mothers also have a (elementary schools) tends to be less caring about ANC
high awareness of carrying out pregnancy checks by visits because of the lack of knowledge about ANC
making time and making appointments in midwife's visits and everything related to ANC visits [14].
services during the COVID-19 pandemic, so pregnant
More than half of pregnant women who earn 3
women who work can do regular ANC checks [17,21].
million/month have their ANC checked by a midwife
Based on the education variable, in general, pregnant [88%]. Yet, there is no significant relationship between
women who underwent ANC examination at midwives the income variable and ANC visit. In contrast, research
service were at a low level of education (88%). in Ethiopia found that family income is associated with
However, the statistical test shows no significant ANC checks; women with low monthly income will not
relationship between education and ANC examination. have access to health care providers with complete
In contrast. several previous studies has shown that facilities and vice versa [8].
education is related to ANC examination [7,16,17,22].
The results of this study are interesting, it turns out that
Based on the health insurance ownership, 86 percent MAS conceptualized the study and created the
of pregnant women who checked ANC at the midwife methodology; DNAN, UTW, and EFH wrote the
appeared to have no health insurance. Also, health original draft; SS wrote, reviewed, and edited the
insurance ownership shows no relationship with ANC at manuscript. MAS, DNAN, UTW, EFH, and SS wrote
midwife service. The results of this study are in line the final manuscript.
with several previous research which show that the
ownership of health insurance does not have a ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
significant relationship with the use of delivery
assistance because the distance limits a woman’s ability The authors would like to thank the National
and willingness to seek services, especially if Population and Family Planning Board [BKKBN]
transportation availability is limited, communication is Representative of North Sumatera for all the support for
difficult, and no hospital facilities [13,23]. the permits to conduct this research.