Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CBLM 2022
CBLM 2022
GCTS
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY BASED LEARNING MODULE
Welcome to the Module in “Plan the hilot wellness program of client/s”. This module
contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “Plan the hilot wellness program of client/s” contains knowledge skills
and attitudes required for Hilot (Wellness Massage) NC II. It is one of the specialized modules at
National Certificate level II.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to complete each outcome
of the module. In each learning outcome are Information Sheets, Job Sheets. Follow these activities on
your own and answer the self-check, perform the procedural checklist at the end of each learning
outcome. You may remove a blank answer sheet at the end of each module (or get one from your
facilitator/trainer) to write your answer for each self-check. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask
your facilitator for assistance.
You may already have some of the most of the knowledge and skills covered in this learner’s
guide because you have:
been working for some time
Already completed training in this area
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are already competent in a particular skill or skills,
talk to him/her about having them formally recognized so you don’t have to do the same training again. If
you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous training, show it to your trainer. If
the skill you acquired is still current and relevant to the unit/s of competency they may become part of the
evidence you may present to RPL. If you are not sure about the currency of your skills, discuss with your
trainer.
At the end of this module is a Learner’s Diary. Use this diary to record important date, jobs
undertaken and other workplace events that will assist you in providing further details to your trainer or
assessor. A Record of Achievement is also provided for your trainer to complete once you complete the
module.
This module was prepared to help you achieve the required competency, in Provide
Housekeeping Services to Guest. This will be the source of information for you to acquire knowledge and
skill into this particular trade independently and at your own pace, with minimum supervision or help
from your instructor.
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Provide post advice and post- Providing post advice and HCS222304
4
services to hilot clients post-services to hilot
clients
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INTRODUCTION:
LEARNING OUTOMES :
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ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Hilot history and development are explained according to culture and tradition.
2. Hilot framework and concepts (philosophy and science) are clearly explained to the
client according to traditional practices.
3. Hilot wellness massage techniques are explained according to different procedures
and practices.
CONTENTS:
Hilot history and development
Hilot Framework (Philosophy and Science)
- Philosophy of hilot
Universal Laws and Natural Laws
Health concepts :
- Harmony of the three faculties (mind, body, emotion)
- Balance of Four Elements (fire, water, air, earth)
Healing concepts
- valuing process “pagpapahalaga”
- balancing of the four elements thru the following Healing modalities
Hilot Herbal
Hilot Massage
Hilot Oracion
Hilot wellness massage techniques
CONDITION:
The students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Learning Materials
Manuals
Charts
Handouts
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METHODOLOGIES:
Lecture
Group discussion
Self-pace learning
ASSESSMENT METHODS:
Interview/oral
Written
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1. Read information sheet 1.2-1 If you have some problem on the content of the information
sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.
Hilot History and Development If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheet, you can now answer self-check provided in
the module
3. Read information sheet 1.2-2 If you have some problem on the content of the information
Hilot Philosophy sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.
If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheet, you can now answer self-check provided in
the module.
5. Read Information sheet 1.2-3 If you have some problem on the content of the information
sheet don’t hesitate to approach your facilitator.
Hilot Health Concept If you feel that you are now knowledgeable on the content of the
information sheet, you can now answer self-check provided in
the module.
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HILOT, the science of the ancient Filipino healing art, it is a healing process. It is a
combination of different healing modalities that bring about changes in the body, it is a part of
the Filipino culture and tradition that pre-dates the coming of the Spaniards and handed down
from generation to generation. Hilot as a healing methodology is being practiced all over the
country, however in different degree of variation and modification, adapting to the location,
tradition, culture, and needs of the user.
Hilot has a philosophy that is rooted in the context of the universal and natural laws. As such, it
covers the totality of man both physical and spiritual. Based on this philosophy and principles are the
hilot concept of health, and concept of healing. Correspondingly, diagnosis methodologies and healing
modalities were developed. The hilot concepts, methodologies and modalities can be scientifically
explained, proven and validated; however they differ greatly in concepts and paradigm from that of the
better-known allopathic medicine, the system of treating disease by producing conditions incompatible
with the effects of the disease.
The manghihilot is the person that applies the healing processes. To the rural folks particularly in the
remote areas, the manghihilot is their healer; the one who sets the dislocated bone or torn ligaments, the
one who corrects the flow of electricity and enhance the electromagnetic induction in their body.
The manghihilot cures the body illnesses through the manipulation and aligning of muscles, thus
enhancing the flow of electricity and electromagnetic forces in the body. He also uses herbs and incenses
to introduce change and correct the imbalance of the four Elements. The manghihilot, for lack of a better
term calls illnesses as “pilay” or “na engkanto sa tubig, lamig pasma, nabalis or nausog na engkanto sa
apoy, na engkanto sa hangin o na engkanto sa lupa.” However, what they really mean is the imbalance of
the elements in the body.
The albularyo is the master of hilot who initiates the manghihilot into the traditional healing arts. The
albularyo considers illnesses as caused by the disharmony of the human faculties (mind, emotions and
body) and the imbalances in the Elementals (fire, water, earth and air) of the body. The albularyo
considers healing as bringing back the disharmony of the faculties of man and balance of the elements of
the body.
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The albularyo is considered as the wise man in the community and as such, he is well respected. He
is oftentimes consulted on various situations and issues- from driving away the evil spirit in a possessed
person, to even seeking information on where to find a lost carabao or a missing loved one.
Hilot technology embraces the tradition of holism. In the discipline of holistic medicine, the
totality of the individual is taken into account along with his relationship with society, nature and
the universe. It is a person-oriented approach, totally different from the body-oriented approach
of modern medicine (Otsuka, 1996).
Holistic medicine views the individual as a part of a network of all things that exist in the total
environment. Health is regarded as the fusion of all that makes a person- his physical, mental, social and
spiritual aspects (Commend, 1996). The person as a living being is a micro cosmos, the universe, a macro
cosmos– all interconnected, harmonious and in balance (Otsuka).
As Otsuka said, “there is an invincible harmonious balance in nature and behind this invincible order
is spirituality.”
Hilot technology as a form of holistic healing reflects these properties. The main goal of hilot is for
man to be in constant equilibrium with himself, his surroundings and the whole of creation. Should
disruption in the state of things happen, man is equipped with modalities that will help him restore order.
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From the cultural lenses of the Filipino, health is regarded with a holistic worldview. It is the total
wellness of the person that is taken into account rather than particular areas of his body that is suffering
disorders.
As Jocano (1973) stated, “health is conceptually perceived as a positive relationship between man and
the surrounding natural and supernatural world.”
The health system of the Kiangan Ifugaos clearly manifests this kind of ideation. Health or
kalinggopan in this community is regarded both as a physical and metaphysical reality. For these
people, health takes a more social than biological form. Physically, it is viewed as the ability of
the person to move around, fit and sound, without any sign of pain. On a metaphysical level, it is
reflected through the harmonious relationship of man with his natural, social and supernatural
environment. Therefore, one is judged healthy or malinggop if he is in harmony with kin and
neighbors, the gods, the environment and ancestral spirits. Moreover, he is expected to
participate in a communal system of values like adhering to morals, ethics, and social precepts as
well as in observing instituted taboos. In contrast, a nabonggang or defective person displays an
attitude that is deemed unbecoming vis-à-vis cultural and societal norms. Such include someone
who is characterized as stingy, quarrelsome, violates taboos, vicious and forgetful of gods
(Daligdig, 1993).
The concept of health then is not confined with the presence or absence of a disease in a human
being. It is more extensive and far-reaching to include the state of the well being of the community, the
maintenance of traditions, culture and the kinship network.
Health, in this light, is very much connected with social relations. It includes not only living persons
but also gods and ancestors. As a social fiber it shows that strained relations within the community leads
to illness, suffering and death. Harmony, on the other hand, promotes health and promises of good fortune
(Commend, 1996).
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There is a dearth of literature on pre-Hispanic medical culture in the Philippines. In fact, information
on such matter could only be traced back from the arrival of the Spaniards in the archipelago in 1521
(Kohnen, 1986; de la Cruz, 1983). Prior to this, it is assumed that the earliest practices of medicine are
through trial and error whereby self-medication is the prevailing practice (de la Cruz). The cultivation and
use of plants as medicine is believed to be the norm (Maramba, 2000). It is noted that the community
played a major role in the medical system as relatives and neighbors become involved in the healing
process and knowledge-sharing activities (de la Cruz).
Upon the arrival of the Spaniards, Pigafetta, the chronicler of Ferdinand Magellan’s voyage, wrote
that the people’s methods of treating diseases were “magical in nature.” He observed that there were
sacrifices of animals, foods and items such as Chinese porcelains and beads. Moreover, he also attested
that the people wore amulets and beads that were supposed to ward off diseases (Kohnen, 1986).
A subsequent expedition of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi ascertained the presence of healers in the
islands. One of his historiographers recorded about priests and priestesses who were sought by the locals
to cure sicknesses and foretell the future. These were also known to predict the course of diseases, that is,
whether the patient will recuperate or will succumb to death (de la Cruz, 1983).
More importantly, a healing specialist, a village doctor was identified as one with exceptional ability
at healing. Termed as herbolarios or curanderos by the Spaniards, these men were also considered as the
wizards, poets, statesmen, leaders and everything that signified knowledge in their communities (de la
Cruz, 1983).
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The tradition of local healing persisted up to these days. In fact, in every corner of the country,
traditional medical practitioners are so ubiquitous that encounters with them are events that “any child
who becomes an adult runs through in some moments of his youth,” (de Guzman, 1999). They come in
many names depending upon their geographic area of practice and/or healing methodologies they employ.
They are called albularyo, manghihilot, tambalan, babaylanes, and mumbaki among others. For general
purposes, the term albularyo and manghihilot are used in this book.
The albularyo and manghihilot are not only considered as masters at curing diseases. They are
prominent figures in their communities, commanding great respect from the people they serve. They are
said to be peace-loving members of the community (Yacob, 1989; Daligdig, 1993; Jocano, 1973), keepers
of village lore and traditions (Magos, 1986), and generally men that signify wisdom as a whole (de la
Cruz, 1983).
Though they were highly regarded in their communities, history has not been kind to the likes of the
albularyo and manghihilot. With the proliferation of Western-style medical approaches, these traditional
healers suffered being labeled of quackery and superstition. Nevertheless, these local healers remained
steadfast through many decades of practice (Maraña, 1983). In fact, even in this age of technological
innovations, Filipinos still give high preference to their services (Commend, 1996). In defense of them as
regards to questions of the legitimacy of their practices, Jocano (1973) described them as specialists in
their crafts, not charlatans or quacks but people with dedicated vocations of helping their communities.
Moreover, Jocano reiterated that they do not go around seeking patronage as often misconstrued. It is also
noted that these people seldom charge fees for their services.
Looking at the operational base of their healing system, one can see a technological knowledge that is
rooted upon the context, realities and peculiarities of their communities. In effect, Jocano documented a
systematic procedure they follow in diagnosing a disease and healing the person:
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In Antique, Magos (1986) claims that the beliefs and practices of the babaylanes endure up to the
present times due to institutionalized practices that are legitimized in the sociocultural lives of the people.
Daligdig (1993) says the same of the Kiangan Ifugaos up in the Cordilleras. Their healing practices, he
said, are interwoven into their big pictures of reality as well as their day-to-day consciousness of events.
In the seashores of Sulu, Yacob (1986) tells of the Tausug’s pag-ubat practices as considered cultural
icons, as they are still practiced today with minor changes in their rituals. In a Laguna community a few
kilometers north of Metro Manila, Jocano (1973) documented that traditional practices are preferred in
this side of the country over scientific ones. A reason behind this is that local healers are said to be
operating within the cultural consciousness of the people. Moreover, the community is not in anyway
alien to the technologies and curative materials used.
Tan (1996) gives us grounds of the prevalence of the continuing patronage of the services of the
traditional medical practitioner. First reason is economics. The services of modern medical doctors as
well as the price of medicines are expensive and considered to be inaccessible for majority of Filipinos. It
must be noted that most traditional medical practitioners do not charge fees but depend mostly on
voluntary donations.
The second reason provided by Tan talks about social and cultural variables. Consultation with a local
healer and the whole process of healing is highly personalized. As Agoncillo (1993) observed, this
personalistic atmosphere sets a very good climate for self-disclosure, bonding and participation. In this
context the whole gamut of information seeking, referrals and the healing process itself, the essence of
community, is captured.
Third, the healer and the patients share similar concepts of health and illness. These include pasma,
kulam and other notions that are said to be culture-specific syndromes.
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_________ 1. The science of the ancient Filipino healing art, it is a healing process.
_________ 2. An individual with internally harmonious faculties, who have achieved a high level of
balance in his thinking, feeling and doing
_________ 3. Who stated, “Health is conceptually perceived as a positive relationship between man and
the surrounding natural and supernatural world.”
_______ 4. Located at 100 kilometers south of Manila, the 7, 382-foot dormant volcano can be found
in the boundary of Majayjay, Laguna and Lucban, Quezon
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1. Hilot
2. Albularyo
3. Jocano
4. Mt. Banahaw, Mystical Mountain of Asia
5. Agrifino Lontok
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“HILOT, ang Kaalaman na ibinabahagi sa atin ng mga albularyo ay naka – ugat sa Batas ng
Diyos at sa Batas ng Kalikasan.”
It all starts with the creation of the individual, that is, the union of the sperm and the egg cells. This
union creates a new being with a unique set of qualities and genetic patterns, oftentimes called the
blueprint of his life. These are the underlying factors, the programs that manifest in the individual’s
attitude, habits and values which some religions call soul.
As an entity of the universe, man is said to be subjected to the Universal Law. This maintains that all
bodies are made up of electromagnetic field (Emf), a single force that puts everything in its proper place
and precise order.
From the womb, the Universal Law is at work. Developing the physical, mental and emotional
framework of the person. When the person is born and starts to grow up, the individual’s mind starts to
take control. This starts imbalances as the combination of the body Elementals start to arise. The
individual then manifests the nature of the unconscious programs of which he is made of.
As man is created in sync with the Universal Law, a disruption in this relationship brings discord and
thereby manifests in his general well-being, seen as illness or disease.
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To illustrate this kind of relationship, let us look at the dynamics of the atom, the smallest particle.
SUN
2N
6P
SOLAR SYSTEM
OXYGEN ATOM
The emf is what it makes the electron rotate around the proton and neutron. On a larger scale, it
is the same force that modulates the planets around the sun, and the very reason why the universe
operates as it does.
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On a conceptual level, the modulated Emf of the planetary system is congruent with the
control of the three levels of man’s faculty: his feeling, thinking and doing.
Mind
(Thinking) Emotion
(Feeling)
MAN
Body
(Doing)
Can man align all his atoms to the vibrations of the universe? The answer is no. Only God can. In
fixing the disequilibrium, God uses his channels (albularyo), provides processes (modalities) that will
congruently align one’s value system, bringing him back to the natural state of the universe.
Since all entities are under one modulation, the moment this modulation is disrupted, disharmony
takes place. In the human form, disharmony is seen through signs of sickness or disorder in the harmony
of the human faculties.
However, there must then be a reversal of the process and to pinpoint first the root of the disease, so
that the individual gains harmony once more. Hence, the Universal Law should be understood to set the
universal processes into their proper directions.
Health, in this light, is the harmonious linkage between the universal planetary movements to that of
man’s body.
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The table below shows the four Elements and the limitations in relation to the human body.
ELEMENTS BODY LIMITATIONS/CONDITIONS
Health in this light is the proper balances of the elementals in the human body.
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The Universal Law constitutes the principles that encompass the general way of
things, that there is one force that governs both the smallest particle and the
universe to which it belongs. It indicates that for change to happen, it must start
from the inside. Change from the inside, on a conceptual level, refers to one’s
reflections over his attitude and value system.
These values bring about different reactions in the body, causing the secretion
of enzymes and acids in the system as an effect of these reactions. The secretion of
these enzymes brings the imbalance in the proportion of the elementals of the
body.
Natural Law then addresses the proper proportions of these elementals. Through
the understanding of the natural processes of the body, as well as the different
healing concepts, the healer is then able to use the suitable healing modalities that
can trigger change from the biochemical, electroneurological, electromagnetical
and biomechanical components of the body.
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Even though man's faculties are in harmony with the Universal Law, it is possible for a man to have
an imbalance in his elementals, particularly if the tolerable limits are violated. Imbalances of Body
Elements could be corrected through the introduction of changes in the corresponding elementals. These
changes could be introduced depending on the degree of imbalances through biochemical, neuroelectrical,
electromagnetic and biomechanical means.
Input – Output
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Input is what you eat as food (vegetables, meat, fat, minerals), water you drink and air that you
breath. This input should be in the right proportion to the combination of the four elements that is unique
to each individual. It also varies according to the body’s need at any given time.
Output could be in the form of solid or liquid waste, stool, urine, perspiration, air exhaled,
heat generated and energy used.
The table below shows the four elementals and the input and output operations in the body.
WATER- prepares the food for blood, urine, lymphatic fluids liquid waste, urine,
ionization and regulates perspiration
temperature in the body
AIR- to burn the food and air we breathe air we exhale out, carbon
convert to energy dioxide and other gases from
farting
FIRE- heat /metabolism the heat generated by the body energy used in daily activities
result of the food processing by functions
the Bio chemical means
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Hilot framework on its healing concept comes in two parts, Harmonization of the human Faculties
and Balancing of the Elements in the body.
Harmonization of the human faculties: mind, emotion and body comes in two processes. One is the
devotional process using prayers and sacrifices and the other is the valuing process using understanding to
create an inner discipline to redirect change.
The second part of healing is the balancing of the four Elements of the body (earth, water, air and
fire) to bring forth good health.
Hilot uses methodologies to harmonize the human faculties, these methodologies intended to
reverse the process of man’s disharmony with the Universal Law. There are two methodologies
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The Banahaw Devotional Process is a set of sacrifices and devotions to experience that will
lead the devotee to his spiritual journey. The symbolic cleansing rituals allow the devotee
subjective realization of the different energy levels as defined by the influence of the four
elementals in nature. Upon undergoing and subjectively internalizing this process, the devotee is
supposed to attain the higher values, as well as harmony in the faculties.
B. Valuing Process (Pagpapahalaga)
The Valuing Process for the self, for relationship, for the community and for the environment are
insights of the albularyo on how to redirect man's values. The process can be applied to man's daily routine
to create inner discipline rooted in the individual’s awareness can be grounded to simplicity and rooted in
the context of the Universal and Natural Laws. This process is a healing modality intended to bring back
the harmony of man’s faculties, by slowly chipping the cobwebs of negative habits, attitudes and values
that cover the higher values of humility, respect, understanding, agape love, etc. This is done by allowing
man to be grounded and rooted in the process on how to go back to his original essence of image and the
likeness of God.
Hilot balances the elements in the body of a “dis-Ease” person into its precise proportion.
This is done by using biochemical, neuroelectrical, electromagnetical force (Emf) and the
biomechanical processes. These processes trigger changes in the appropriate body element to
bring it back to its original proportion.
These methods of healing are culturally validated and are grounded on scientific theories and
principles. These traditional and ancient practices are now accepted as foreign alternative medical
practices using another name.
Change can be triggered using biochemical, neuro electrical and electromagnetic field as an
entry point to bring back the precise proportions of the elementals in the body.
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The science experiment shows that to break water into its ionic components, electricity is
needed. It is also the same with the food we take. It has to be ionized or converted into energy.
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Self-Check 1.2-3
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Neuroelectrical Process
Biomechanical Process
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